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Operant Conditioning
Operant Conditioning

... • Shaping: reinforcement of simple steps, leading to a desired complex behavior – Successive approximation: small steps, one after another, that lead to a particular goal behavior ...
Tolman Versus Hull
Tolman Versus Hull

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Homeostasis and Mechanisms of Weight Regulation
Homeostasis and Mechanisms of Weight Regulation

... a constant temperature within your home. The variable being controlled in this example is the temperature of the room. In the summertime, heat is constantly moving into your home from outside and the temperature inside begins to rise. The thermostat on the wall contains both the receptor (sensor) an ...
Chapter 1 Basic Theorems from Optimal Control Theory
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Assignment-1 with hi-lighted detailed explanations 1. There is a

... d. None of the others Cam control is not done in CNC. All axes have independent drives in CNC – so b is also not correct. The direction in which the cutter will move can be controlled by maintaining different speed ratios of the X and Y axes motors. So third is correct. ...
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... the application domain. Schaal and Atkeson [3] built a juggling robot that assumed continuous deterministic world dynamics. Moore developed a system that learned to control a factory packaging machine that took advantage of very slow variation in the process [1]. Approach: Our first step will be to ...
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AI Safety and Beneficence, Some Current Research Paths

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... • To update the agent function in light of observed performance of percept-sequence to action pairs – Explore new parts of state space  Learn from trial and error – Change internal variables that influence action selection ...
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... them. It is well known that people usually differ in their personal perceptions of comfort conditions. To some extent, the sensation of comfort is an individual one and it is normally affected by cultural issues. Thus, the idea behind this research is to find techniques based on artificial intellige ...
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Advances in Environmental Biology Systems
Advances in Environmental Biology Systems

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Artificial Neural Network (ANN)

... in the input data with no help from a teacher, basically performing a clustering of input space. • The system learns about the pattern from the data itself without a priori knowledge. This is similar to our learning experience in adulthood “For example, often in our working environment we are thrown ...
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Perceptual control theory

Perceptual control theory (PCT) is a model of behavior based on the principles of negative feedback, but differing in important respects from engineering control theory. Results of PCT experiments have demonstrated that an organism controls neither its own behavior, nor external environmental variables, but rather its own perceptions of those variables. Actions are not controlled, they are varied so as to cancel the effects that unpredictable environmental disturbances would otherwise have on controlled perceptions. According to the standard catch-phrase of the field, ""behavior is the control of perception"". PCT demonstrates circular causation in a negative feedback loop closed through the environment. This fundamentally contradicts the classical notion of linear causation of behavior by stimuli, in which environmental stimuli are thought to cause behavioral responses, mediated (according to Cognitive Psychology) by intervening cognitive processes.Numerous computer simulations of specific behavioral situations demonstrate its efficacy, with extremely high correlations to observational data (0.95 or better), such as are routinely expected in physics and chemistry. While the adoption of PCT in the scientific community has not been widespread, it has been applied not only in experimental psychology and neuroscience, but also in sociology, linguistics, and a number of other fields, and has led to a method of psychotherapy called the Method of Levels.PCT has roots in insights of Claude Bernard and 20th century control systems engineering and cybernetics. It was originated as such, and given its present form and experimental methodology, by William T. Powers.
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