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Session 2P4 Electromagnetic Field in Optical Materials and
Session 2P4 Electromagnetic Field in Optical Materials and

... found, and hence the stored energy and energy loss in the medium can be correctly calculated and expressed using either the current/charge or field/dipole variables. We also find that the energy loss in the metamaterial are nothing else than the Joule heat generated by the resistances in the metalli ...
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... According to developing technology and population growth consumption of electrical energy is increasing. Especially high population zones like urban areas considerable power is demanded. Therefore high voltage transmission lines are used to decrease power losses while delivering the energy to urban ...
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... AP #1 – Take 10 minutes and split class into groups. Pass out various types of magnets to each group. Let student experiment with their magnets. Discuss findings. AP#2 –List items they use that take electricity. How would your life change if suddenly there was no more electricity? ...
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... force within the conductor is equal to zero. Thus, the electric field inside of the conductor is zero. ...
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Eddy current

Eddy currents (also called Foucault currents) are circular electric currents induced within conductors by a changing magnetic field in the conductor, due to Faraday's law of induction. Eddy currents flow in closed loops within conductors, in planes perpendicular to the magnetic field. They can be induced within nearby stationary conductors by a time-varying magnetic field created by an AC electromagnet or transformer, for example, or by relative motion between a magnet and a nearby conductor. The magnitude of the current in a given loop is proportional to the strength of the magnetic field, the area of the loop, and the rate of change of flux, and inversely proportional to the resistivity of the material.By Lenz's law, an eddy current creates a magnetic field that opposes the magnetic field that created it, and thus eddy currents react back on the source of the magnetic field. For example, a nearby conductive surface will exert a drag force on a moving magnet that opposes its motion, due to eddy currents induced in the surface by the moving magnetic field. This effect is employed in eddy current brakes which are used to stop rotating power tools quickly when they are turned off. The current flowing through the resistance of the conductor also dissipates energy as heat in the material. Thus eddy currents are a source of energy loss in alternating current (AC) inductors, transformers, electric motors and generators, and other AC machinery, requiring special construction such as laminated magnetic cores to minimize them. Eddy currents are also used to heat objects in induction heating furnaces and equipment, and to detect cracks and flaws in metal parts using eddy-current testing instruments.
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