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August 2010 Regents Exam part 1
... 9 The percent composition by mass of nitrogen in NH4OH (gram-formula mass = 35 grams/mole) is equal to Nitrogen is 14 g out of 35 g molar mass ...
... 9 The percent composition by mass of nitrogen in NH4OH (gram-formula mass = 35 grams/mole) is equal to Nitrogen is 14 g out of 35 g molar mass ...
Molecular Modeling Activity for Carbohydrates
... Molecular formula for a sucrose molecule: ___________________ 10. Roughly how many times larger is the number of hydrogen than oxygen atoms in a disaccharide? 11. How many monosaccharide molecules are needed to form one sucrose molecule? Read and highlight: The production of a disaccharide is a chem ...
... Molecular formula for a sucrose molecule: ___________________ 10. Roughly how many times larger is the number of hydrogen than oxygen atoms in a disaccharide? 11. How many monosaccharide molecules are needed to form one sucrose molecule? Read and highlight: The production of a disaccharide is a chem ...
Chapter 28 Quantum Mechanics of Atoms
... outer shells have similar chemical behavior. They appear in the same column of the periodic table. The outer columns – those with full, almost full, or almost empty outer shells – are the most distinctive. Those with one e− or one empty spot tend to ‘ionize’ easily to end up with full shells, ...
... outer shells have similar chemical behavior. They appear in the same column of the periodic table. The outer columns – those with full, almost full, or almost empty outer shells – are the most distinctive. Those with one e− or one empty spot tend to ‘ionize’ easily to end up with full shells, ...
Ch 8 Notes: Chemical Equations and Reactions
... Rules for Predicting Double Replacement Reactions: 1. Predict the products of the double-replacement reaction and indicate the solubility of both of the products by placing the symbol "(aq)" after the soluble product and the symbol "(s)" after the insoluble product. Use the “Solubility Rules” handou ...
... Rules for Predicting Double Replacement Reactions: 1. Predict the products of the double-replacement reaction and indicate the solubility of both of the products by placing the symbol "(aq)" after the soluble product and the symbol "(s)" after the insoluble product. Use the “Solubility Rules” handou ...
1 - kurtniedenzu
... b. Stephen Jay Gould c. Throckmorton P. Guildersleeve d. Ernest B. Rutherford 15. Which numbered arrow in the diagram below gives the best indicator of the time at which the particle model of the atom became generally accepted by chemists and physicists? ...
... b. Stephen Jay Gould c. Throckmorton P. Guildersleeve d. Ernest B. Rutherford 15. Which numbered arrow in the diagram below gives the best indicator of the time at which the particle model of the atom became generally accepted by chemists and physicists? ...
Chapter 10: Multi-‐Electron Atoms – Optical Excitations
... level of each electron in the outer shell is determined by two quantum numbers n and . Since there are ( 2 + 1) values of m and 2 values of ms, there are 2 ( 2 + 1) combinations that have the same energy. However, some of the degeneracy is removed by considering the effect of the following inte ...
... level of each electron in the outer shell is determined by two quantum numbers n and . Since there are ( 2 + 1) values of m and 2 values of ms, there are 2 ( 2 + 1) combinations that have the same energy. However, some of the degeneracy is removed by considering the effect of the following inte ...
Chapter 7 - Chemical Quantities
... To this point........ we’ve only looked at “chemistry” occurring at the “atomic and molecule level”. However, in reality the matter we see is made up of huge quantities of atoms or molecules, just like how the ocean is made up of drops of water. We are used to measuring things in grams, kg, L, m, et ...
... To this point........ we’ve only looked at “chemistry” occurring at the “atomic and molecule level”. However, in reality the matter we see is made up of huge quantities of atoms or molecules, just like how the ocean is made up of drops of water. We are used to measuring things in grams, kg, L, m, et ...
Properties of atoms result from electron configuration
... Through the 1920s, the work of a number of physicists fleshed out and developed the quantum mechanical model of the atom. In addition to the concept of quantized energy, a number of other ideas we ...
... Through the 1920s, the work of a number of physicists fleshed out and developed the quantum mechanical model of the atom. In addition to the concept of quantized energy, a number of other ideas we ...
Full answers
... • Explain, in terms of chemical bonding and intermolecular forces, the following trend in melting points: CH4 < I2 < NaCl < silica (SiO2) There are only dispersion forces between the molecules in CH4 and I2. The I atom is a large, many-electron atom so its electron cloud is more easily polarised tha ...
... • Explain, in terms of chemical bonding and intermolecular forces, the following trend in melting points: CH4 < I2 < NaCl < silica (SiO2) There are only dispersion forces between the molecules in CH4 and I2. The I atom is a large, many-electron atom so its electron cloud is more easily polarised tha ...
Document
... - Debye assumed that the forces of interaction between a neighboring pair of atoms were roughly equivalent to a linear spring. Pushing the atoms together would have the effect of compressing the spring, and in so doing, a restoring force would be developed that would act to return the atoms to their ...
... - Debye assumed that the forces of interaction between a neighboring pair of atoms were roughly equivalent to a linear spring. Pushing the atoms together would have the effect of compressing the spring, and in so doing, a restoring force would be developed that would act to return the atoms to their ...
2.ATOMS, MOLECULES, AND IONS
... stuck together with two of the atoms being the same (oxygen). Since each "ball" represents an individual atom, the three models on the left can be eliminated since they don't contain the correct number of atoms. Keeping in mind that balls of the same color represent the same element, only the model ...
... stuck together with two of the atoms being the same (oxygen). Since each "ball" represents an individual atom, the three models on the left can be eliminated since they don't contain the correct number of atoms. Keeping in mind that balls of the same color represent the same element, only the model ...
1 Spring 2008 Chemistry 1000 Midterm #1B
... How does the wavelength change if the electron is excited from the 3s to the 5p orbital of the hydrogen atom? [2 marks] The wavelength of the light needed to excited an electron in a hydrogen atom from the 4s to the 6 p orbital is the same as that necessary for the excitation from the 4s to the 6s o ...
... How does the wavelength change if the electron is excited from the 3s to the 5p orbital of the hydrogen atom? [2 marks] The wavelength of the light needed to excited an electron in a hydrogen atom from the 4s to the 6 p orbital is the same as that necessary for the excitation from the 4s to the 6s o ...
chapter 7 - chemical formulas and chemical compounds
... subscripts showing the smallest whole-number mole ratio of the different atoms in the compound - ionic compounds - formula unit is the compound’s empirical formula - molecular compound - empirical formula does not indicate the actual numbers of atoms present in each molecule - calculate: convert per ...
... subscripts showing the smallest whole-number mole ratio of the different atoms in the compound - ionic compounds - formula unit is the compound’s empirical formula - molecular compound - empirical formula does not indicate the actual numbers of atoms present in each molecule - calculate: convert per ...
Lecture 7 - United International College
... • The atomic weight of the gas argon, which does not react readily with other elements, would place it in the same group as the chemically very active solids lithium and sodium. • In 1913 British physicist Henry Moseley confirmed earlier suggestions that an element's chemical properties are only rou ...
... • The atomic weight of the gas argon, which does not react readily with other elements, would place it in the same group as the chemically very active solids lithium and sodium. • In 1913 British physicist Henry Moseley confirmed earlier suggestions that an element's chemical properties are only rou ...
Basic Concepts of the Gas Phase
... which – in that case – would fix p and T). Two phases can only co-exist at equilibrium for specific combinations of temperature and pressure: those indicated by the vapor pressure line. For a vapor-liquid system liquid will tend to evaporate either until the vapor pressure reaches the appropriate le ...
... which – in that case – would fix p and T). Two phases can only co-exist at equilibrium for specific combinations of temperature and pressure: those indicated by the vapor pressure line. For a vapor-liquid system liquid will tend to evaporate either until the vapor pressure reaches the appropriate le ...
Unit (1)
... 1- The types of telescopes are ……………… and ……………… 2- The planets revolve around the sun in ……………… orbits which lie in a plane ……………… on the sun’s axis of rotation. 3- The nearest planet to the sun is ……………… and the farthest one from the sun is ……………… 4- Mercury, …………… , …………… and mars are the inner p ...
... 1- The types of telescopes are ……………… and ……………… 2- The planets revolve around the sun in ……………… orbits which lie in a plane ……………… on the sun’s axis of rotation. 3- The nearest planet to the sun is ……………… and the farthest one from the sun is ……………… 4- Mercury, …………… , …………… and mars are the inner p ...
Dissociation of a Diatomic Gas
... Let us consider the following simple model for a diatomic gas: a diatomic molecule consists of a pair of point-like atoms, each of mass m, separated by a rigid rod of length a. The rigid rod corresponds to the chemical bond, which requires an energy to break. Now, at any finite temperature T , we ...
... Let us consider the following simple model for a diatomic gas: a diatomic molecule consists of a pair of point-like atoms, each of mass m, separated by a rigid rod of length a. The rigid rod corresponds to the chemical bond, which requires an energy to break. Now, at any finite temperature T , we ...
Itty-Bitty Atoms
... science? Would you like to be a scientist? If so, what would you like to study? What do you think scientists of the future will study? 4. Answer the following questions: a. Who is Dmitry Mendeleyev and what did he do? b. What is chemistry? c. How big are atoms? 5. When a teacher calls out a symbol f ...
... science? Would you like to be a scientist? If so, what would you like to study? What do you think scientists of the future will study? 4. Answer the following questions: a. Who is Dmitry Mendeleyev and what did he do? b. What is chemistry? c. How big are atoms? 5. When a teacher calls out a symbol f ...
Chapter 7 Chemical Formulas
... Ions: ions formed from a single atom Monatomic cations (+) are named after the element. Ex. Sodium = sodium Monatomic anions ( -), the end of the element name is dropped and ide is added. Ex. Chlorine = chloride oxygen = oxide ...
... Ions: ions formed from a single atom Monatomic cations (+) are named after the element. Ex. Sodium = sodium Monatomic anions ( -), the end of the element name is dropped and ide is added. Ex. Chlorine = chloride oxygen = oxide ...
Pb2+ +2I- → PbI2 (s)
... MgO has a higher melting point than NaF. Both Ionic, Higher Lattice Energy because MgO is +2/-2 which is more attraction. ...
... MgO has a higher melting point than NaF. Both Ionic, Higher Lattice Energy because MgO is +2/-2 which is more attraction. ...
orbital - Waterford Public Schools
... The Pauli exclusion principle holds. An orbital can hold only two electrons Two electrons in the same orbital must have opposite signs You must know how many electrons can be held by each orbital ...
... The Pauli exclusion principle holds. An orbital can hold only two electrons Two electrons in the same orbital must have opposite signs You must know how many electrons can be held by each orbital ...
Chemical Equation
... • Are compounds composed of charged particles. • In general: the electrons are shared between the ions. Metals tend to give up their electrons to an incomplete nonmetal. • All Ionic compounds are represented by their empirical formulas. They are always in the smallest whole number ratios. ...
... • Are compounds composed of charged particles. • In general: the electrons are shared between the ions. Metals tend to give up their electrons to an incomplete nonmetal. • All Ionic compounds are represented by their empirical formulas. They are always in the smallest whole number ratios. ...
sample - Bright Red Publishing
... So knowing the states of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction should allow us to predict whether the reaction is accompanied by an increase or a decrease in entropy. Consider, for example, the reaction 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s). We know that the entropies of solids are very much smalle ...
... So knowing the states of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction should allow us to predict whether the reaction is accompanied by an increase or a decrease in entropy. Consider, for example, the reaction 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s). We know that the entropies of solids are very much smalle ...
Chemical bond
A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges, either between electrons and nuclei, or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are ""strong bonds"" such as covalent or ionic bonds and ""weak bonds"" such as Dipole-dipole interaction, the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding.Since opposite charges attract via a simple electromagnetic force, the negatively charged electrons that are orbiting the nucleus and the positively charged protons in the nucleus attract each other. An electron positioned between two nuclei will be attracted to both of them, and the nuclei will be attracted toward electrons in this position. This attraction constitutes the chemical bond. Due to the matter wave nature of electrons and their smaller mass, they must occupy a much larger amount of volume compared with the nuclei, and this volume occupied by the electrons keeps the atomic nuclei relatively far apart, as compared with the size of the nuclei themselves. This phenomenon limits the distance between nuclei and atoms in a bond.In general, strong chemical bonding is associated with the sharing or transfer of electrons between the participating atoms. The atoms in molecules, crystals, metals and diatomic gases—indeed most of the physical environment around us—are held together by chemical bonds, which dictate the structure and the bulk properties of matter.All bonds can be explained by quantum theory, but, in practice, simplification rules allow chemists to predict the strength, directionality, and polarity of bonds. The octet rule and VSEPR theory are two examples. More sophisticated theories are valence bond theory which includes orbital hybridization and resonance, and the linear combination of atomic orbitals molecular orbital method which includes ligand field theory. Electrostatics are used to describe bond polarities and the effects they have on chemical substances.