August 2010 Regents Exam part 1
... 9 The percent composition by mass of nitrogen in NH4OH (gram-formula mass = 35 grams/mole) is equal to Nitrogen is 14 g out of 35 g molar mass ...
... 9 The percent composition by mass of nitrogen in NH4OH (gram-formula mass = 35 grams/mole) is equal to Nitrogen is 14 g out of 35 g molar mass ...
KEY Midterm Exam 1 Sept.14, 1999 Chemistry 211 PAGE 1 0f 5
... Conversion factors: 1 in = 2.54 cm o K = o C + 273.15 o C = (5/9)(o F - 32) 453.6 g = 1 lb 1 gallon = 3.78541 Liter Avogadro's number = 6.022 x 102 3 ...
... Conversion factors: 1 in = 2.54 cm o K = o C + 273.15 o C = (5/9)(o F - 32) 453.6 g = 1 lb 1 gallon = 3.78541 Liter Avogadro's number = 6.022 x 102 3 ...
chapter43
... Two neutral molecules are attracted to each other by weak electrostatic forces called van der Waals forces. Atoms that do not form ionic or covalent bonds are often attracted to each other by van der Waals forces. The van der Waals force is due to the fact that the molecule has a charge distributi ...
... Two neutral molecules are attracted to each other by weak electrostatic forces called van der Waals forces. Atoms that do not form ionic or covalent bonds are often attracted to each other by van der Waals forces. The van der Waals force is due to the fact that the molecule has a charge distributi ...
Bonding. A. Ionic bonds form when anions and cations arise
... 5. The oxidation number of hydrogen is +1 (except as the hydride ion when it is -1). 6. The oxidation number of oxygen is -2 (except as the peroxide ion when it is -1). 7. The sum total of oxidation numbers in a neutral compound is zero. 8. The sum total of oxidation numbers in a radical (or polyato ...
... 5. The oxidation number of hydrogen is +1 (except as the hydride ion when it is -1). 6. The oxidation number of oxygen is -2 (except as the peroxide ion when it is -1). 7. The sum total of oxidation numbers in a neutral compound is zero. 8. The sum total of oxidation numbers in a radical (or polyato ...
Unit 2 Notes Name - Mr. Walsh`s AP Chemistry
... o Ionic compounds are soluble in water if the sum of all of their attractions to the water molecules is greater than their attraction to each other. A good rule of thumb (though there are exceptions) is that almost all compounds with alkali metal and halogen ions are soluble. Most (but not all) comp ...
... o Ionic compounds are soluble in water if the sum of all of their attractions to the water molecules is greater than their attraction to each other. A good rule of thumb (though there are exceptions) is that almost all compounds with alkali metal and halogen ions are soluble. Most (but not all) comp ...
solution is a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute
... The most polar bond will have the biggest dipole moment (this is the “+” arrow drawn toward the more polar atom of the bond) d) Which of the following gases would you expect to be most soluble in water? (circle, as above) [3 points] ...
... The most polar bond will have the biggest dipole moment (this is the “+” arrow drawn toward the more polar atom of the bond) d) Which of the following gases would you expect to be most soluble in water? (circle, as above) [3 points] ...
Chemistry - Gorman Learning Center
... As a basis for understanding this concept, students know: a. how to use LeChatelier's Principle to predict the effect of changes in concentration, temperature and pressure. b. equilibrium is established when forward and reverse reaction rates are equal. c.* how to write and calculate an equilibrium ...
... As a basis for understanding this concept, students know: a. how to use LeChatelier's Principle to predict the effect of changes in concentration, temperature and pressure. b. equilibrium is established when forward and reverse reaction rates are equal. c.* how to write and calculate an equilibrium ...
Grades 9-12 Chemistry California Content Standards
... As a basis for understanding this concept, students know: a. how to use LeChatelier's Principle to predict the effect of changes in concentration, temperature and pressure. b. equilibrium is established when forward and reverse reaction rates are equal. c.* how to write and calculate an equilibrium ...
... As a basis for understanding this concept, students know: a. how to use LeChatelier's Principle to predict the effect of changes in concentration, temperature and pressure. b. equilibrium is established when forward and reverse reaction rates are equal. c.* how to write and calculate an equilibrium ...
Final Exam Review Guide
... 1. Chemists use the metric system when recording their measurements. 2. Dimensional analysis must be used to convert between measurement units. 3. Chemicals have both physical and chemical properties that can be used to tell them apart, and also to separate components of a mixture. 4. When it comes ...
... 1. Chemists use the metric system when recording their measurements. 2. Dimensional analysis must be used to convert between measurement units. 3. Chemicals have both physical and chemical properties that can be used to tell them apart, and also to separate components of a mixture. 4. When it comes ...
Periodic Properties of the Elements Effective Nuclear Charge, Zeff
... nucleus thus easier to remove. We see some exceptions however. For example, IE1 of N is greater than IE1 of O. Why? Half-filled p-sublevel for N is more stable than the partially filled p-sublevel for O. In N, we have no e– - e– repulsive pairing energy since all p-orbitals have only 1 e–. In O we h ...
... nucleus thus easier to remove. We see some exceptions however. For example, IE1 of N is greater than IE1 of O. Why? Half-filled p-sublevel for N is more stable than the partially filled p-sublevel for O. In N, we have no e– - e– repulsive pairing energy since all p-orbitals have only 1 e–. In O we h ...
V. Chemical reactions
... b. Which elements have two valence electrons? Column 2 c. Which elements have three valence electrons? Column 13 d. Which elements have four valence electrons? Column 14 e. Which elements have five valence electrons? Column 15 f. Which elements have six valence electrons? Column 16 g. Which elements ...
... b. Which elements have two valence electrons? Column 2 c. Which elements have three valence electrons? Column 13 d. Which elements have four valence electrons? Column 14 e. Which elements have five valence electrons? Column 15 f. Which elements have six valence electrons? Column 16 g. Which elements ...
Ch 2 ppt - Houston ISD
... bonding partners • An example is the transfer of an electron from sodium to chlorine • After the transfer of an electron, both atoms have charges ...
... bonding partners • An example is the transfer of an electron from sodium to chlorine • After the transfer of an electron, both atoms have charges ...
CHEM 1411 NAME: PRACTICE EXAM #3 (Chapters 6
... Sodium and potassium have similar chemical and physical properties. This is best explained by the fact that both elements A) are active metals. B) are in Period 1 of the periodic table. C) have the same ground-state valence-electron configuration. D) have low relative atomic masses. E) have relative ...
... Sodium and potassium have similar chemical and physical properties. This is best explained by the fact that both elements A) are active metals. B) are in Period 1 of the periodic table. C) have the same ground-state valence-electron configuration. D) have low relative atomic masses. E) have relative ...
Chemistry EOC Review
... points, volatility, hardness, electrolytic nature, etc.). You may create a chart if that helps. b. You have two white solids powders in front of you – a covalent solid and an ionic solid. What tests could you do to determine which one was ionic and which one was covalent? (Think in terms of solubili ...
... points, volatility, hardness, electrolytic nature, etc.). You may create a chart if that helps. b. You have two white solids powders in front of you – a covalent solid and an ionic solid. What tests could you do to determine which one was ionic and which one was covalent? (Think in terms of solubili ...
The Atomic Theory
... Law of Conservation of Mass: The mass of a system is not affected by any chemical change within the system. When various metals are oxidised one part by weight of oxygen always combines with the same number of parts by weight of the metal. Law of Definite Proportions: A particular chemical compound ...
... Law of Conservation of Mass: The mass of a system is not affected by any chemical change within the system. When various metals are oxidised one part by weight of oxygen always combines with the same number of parts by weight of the metal. Law of Definite Proportions: A particular chemical compound ...
IPC – First Semester Exam Review Be able to classify an example
... outside shell). Na is reactive and unstable because it has an almost empty valence shell. Na wants to give its 1 valence electron away so it can be more stable. Na gives its 1 valence electron to Chlorine (Cl). Chlorine (Cl) is in group 17. Group 17 elements have 7 valence electrons. Chlorine only n ...
... outside shell). Na is reactive and unstable because it has an almost empty valence shell. Na wants to give its 1 valence electron away so it can be more stable. Na gives its 1 valence electron to Chlorine (Cl). Chlorine (Cl) is in group 17. Group 17 elements have 7 valence electrons. Chlorine only n ...
Chem BIG REVIEW - Jones-wiki
... Covalent compounds occur between two nonmetals or a nonmetal and hydrogen. In a covalent bond, atoms share electrons and neither atom has an ionic charge. The electronegativity difference of the bonding elements is less than 1.7. When hydrogen bonds with a nonmetal the bond is covalent. Characterist ...
... Covalent compounds occur between two nonmetals or a nonmetal and hydrogen. In a covalent bond, atoms share electrons and neither atom has an ionic charge. The electronegativity difference of the bonding elements is less than 1.7. When hydrogen bonds with a nonmetal the bond is covalent. Characterist ...
The collision theory of reactions
... The concentration of Cl atoms in the stratosphere is much less than the concentration of O atoms. How significant is reaction 6? do assignment 7, p.69 Chlorine atoms are particularly effective at removing ozone. A single atom can remove about 1 million ozone molecules. Add equations 6 and 7 togeth ...
... The concentration of Cl atoms in the stratosphere is much less than the concentration of O atoms. How significant is reaction 6? do assignment 7, p.69 Chlorine atoms are particularly effective at removing ozone. A single atom can remove about 1 million ozone molecules. Add equations 6 and 7 togeth ...
Exam 3 Review Sheet
... The following questions have been pulled from various exams and review sheets from some of my previous classes. The review is not complete! Make sure you study the assigned homeworks, go through suggested problems and read through the Chapter Notes and your lecture notes. Topic Outline You should fe ...
... The following questions have been pulled from various exams and review sheets from some of my previous classes. The review is not complete! Make sure you study the assigned homeworks, go through suggested problems and read through the Chapter Notes and your lecture notes. Topic Outline You should fe ...
Atomic number
... Atom: the smallest particle of an element. Everything is made of atoms Proton: positive particle in the nucleus Neutron: neutral particle in the nucleus Electron: tiny negative charge outside the nucleus Atoms are mostly…. … empty space! Element: a substance made of only one kind of atom, cannot be ...
... Atom: the smallest particle of an element. Everything is made of atoms Proton: positive particle in the nucleus Neutron: neutral particle in the nucleus Electron: tiny negative charge outside the nucleus Atoms are mostly…. … empty space! Element: a substance made of only one kind of atom, cannot be ...
Question 1. Phosgene was used during the World War - IQ
... Consider half-cell A and B, draw an electrochemical cell with spontaneous reaction (write the global equation) and calculate the cell potential. Furthermore, you need to indicate: the flow of electrons, cathode and anode. (b) Metallic copper (Cu0) can be dissolved by HNO3(conc) and it is observed th ...
... Consider half-cell A and B, draw an electrochemical cell with spontaneous reaction (write the global equation) and calculate the cell potential. Furthermore, you need to indicate: the flow of electrons, cathode and anode. (b) Metallic copper (Cu0) can be dissolved by HNO3(conc) and it is observed th ...
Chemistry Readings
... room temperature. They have low melting and boiling points. When a molecular compound melts or boils molecules separate from each other but the covalent bond between the atoms of the molecule does not break. The molecule is the same molecule in the solid, liquid or gas state. The molecule is said to ...
... room temperature. They have low melting and boiling points. When a molecular compound melts or boils molecules separate from each other but the covalent bond between the atoms of the molecule does not break. The molecule is the same molecule in the solid, liquid or gas state. The molecule is said to ...
Atomic Theory (2
... 1.) Who were the early contributors to the atomic theory, and what was their view of the atom? 2.) Who discovered the electron? 3.) Who discovered the charge of an electron? 4.) Who discovered the nucleus? 5.) Who discovered the proton? 6.) Describe the composition of the atom and the experiments th ...
... 1.) Who were the early contributors to the atomic theory, and what was their view of the atom? 2.) Who discovered the electron? 3.) Who discovered the charge of an electron? 4.) Who discovered the nucleus? 5.) Who discovered the proton? 6.) Describe the composition of the atom and the experiments th ...
Resonance (chemistry)
In chemistry, resonance or mesomerism is a way of describing delocalized electrons within certain molecules or polyatomic ions where the bonding cannot be expressed by one single Lewis formula. A molecule or ion with such delocalized electrons is represented by several contributing structures (also called resonance structures or canonical forms).Each contributing structure can be represented by a Lewis structure, with only an integer number of covalent bonds between each pair of atoms within the structure. Several Lewis structures are used collectively to describe the actual molecular structure, which is an approximate intermediate between the canonical forms called a resonance hybrid. Contributing structures differ only in the position of electrons, not in the position of nuclei.Electron delocalization lowers the potential energy of the substance and thus makes it more stable than any of the contributing structures. The difference between the potential energy of the actual structure and that of the contributing structure with the lowest potential energy is called the resonance energy or delocalization energy.Resonance is distinguished from tautomerism and conformational isomerism, which involve the formation of isomers, thus the rearrangement of the nuclear positions.