Chemistry - CBSE Academic
... at tertiary level. Therefore, there is a need to provide learners with sufficient conceptual background of Chemistry, which will make them competent to meet the challenges of academic and professional courses after the senior secondary stage. The new and updated curriculum is based on disciplinary a ...
... at tertiary level. Therefore, there is a need to provide learners with sufficient conceptual background of Chemistry, which will make them competent to meet the challenges of academic and professional courses after the senior secondary stage. The new and updated curriculum is based on disciplinary a ...
all practice examples
... at 25.8 C, the temperature rises to 34.8 C. Assume that the density of the solution is 1.00 g mL-1 and that its specific heat capacity is 4.184 J g-1 C-1. The equation for the reaction is: NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) Calculate the enthalpy of the reaction in kJ mol-1 . ...
... at 25.8 C, the temperature rises to 34.8 C. Assume that the density of the solution is 1.00 g mL-1 and that its specific heat capacity is 4.184 J g-1 C-1. The equation for the reaction is: NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) Calculate the enthalpy of the reaction in kJ mol-1 . ...
chapter 4 - reactions in solution
... attractions of the ions for each other and the interactions of the ions for water molecules. If ion-dipole interactions are strong, compounds will not dissolve in water. Salt does not dissolve in nonpolar solvent, such as gasoline, because interactions between solvent molecules and ions are very w ...
... attractions of the ions for each other and the interactions of the ions for water molecules. If ion-dipole interactions are strong, compounds will not dissolve in water. Salt does not dissolve in nonpolar solvent, such as gasoline, because interactions between solvent molecules and ions are very w ...
chapter 1 - Revsworld
... The contribution for which de Broglie is remembered in modern science is a) his statement that an electron can exist in an atom in discrete energy levels. b) his statement that no electron can have identical values for all 4 quantum numbers. c) his statement that electrons occupy all the orbitals of ...
... The contribution for which de Broglie is remembered in modern science is a) his statement that an electron can exist in an atom in discrete energy levels. b) his statement that no electron can have identical values for all 4 quantum numbers. c) his statement that electrons occupy all the orbitals of ...
Experiment 22
... equilibrium system will shift to the left on being heated if the reaction is exothermic (H < 0, Kc goes down). It will shift to the right if the reaction is endothermic (H > 0, Kc goes up). Again, since we can change temperatures very markedly, we can shift equilibria a long, long way. An endother ...
... equilibrium system will shift to the left on being heated if the reaction is exothermic (H < 0, Kc goes down). It will shift to the right if the reaction is endothermic (H > 0, Kc goes up). Again, since we can change temperatures very markedly, we can shift equilibria a long, long way. An endother ...
Solution of the 1st Major Exam, Term 061, Version 000, all correct
... Balance the following equation using the smallest set of whole numbers, then add together all the coefficients: SF4 + H2O H2SO3 + HF. The sum of the coefficients is A) 9 ...
... Balance the following equation using the smallest set of whole numbers, then add together all the coefficients: SF4 + H2O H2SO3 + HF. The sum of the coefficients is A) 9 ...
The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions
... he amazing variety that we see in nature is largely a consequence of the amazing variety of chemical reactions. Rapid chemical changes occur among gas molecules as sunlight bathes the atmosphere or lightning rips through a stormy sky (see margin). Oceans are gigantic containers in which aqueous reac ...
... he amazing variety that we see in nature is largely a consequence of the amazing variety of chemical reactions. Rapid chemical changes occur among gas molecules as sunlight bathes the atmosphere or lightning rips through a stormy sky (see margin). Oceans are gigantic containers in which aqueous reac ...
Chapter 2 Geochemical Reactions
... These processes are examined as reactions that transfer mass between reactants and products. Some reactions such as the dissolution of high temperature minerals like olivine, or the oxidation of pyrite, proceed in one direction only at low temperature. Others, like calcite dissolution are reversible ...
... These processes are examined as reactions that transfer mass between reactants and products. Some reactions such as the dissolution of high temperature minerals like olivine, or the oxidation of pyrite, proceed in one direction only at low temperature. Others, like calcite dissolution are reversible ...
17 ADSORPTION AND CATALYSIS S MODULE - 5
... The phenomenon of adsorption is different from that of absorption. The latter term implies that a substance is uniformly distributed throughout the body of a solid, Fig. 17.2(b). If we leave a small lump of calcium chloride in open, it absorbs water vapour (moisture) from air and after some time eve ...
... The phenomenon of adsorption is different from that of absorption. The latter term implies that a substance is uniformly distributed throughout the body of a solid, Fig. 17.2(b). If we leave a small lump of calcium chloride in open, it absorbs water vapour (moisture) from air and after some time eve ...
Chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in the forming and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms, with no change to the nuclei (no change to the elements present), and can often be described by a chemical equation. Nuclear chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry that involves the chemical reactions of unstable and radioactive elements where both electronic and nuclear changes may occur.The substance (or substances) initially involved in a chemical reaction are called reactants or reagents. Chemical reactions are usually characterized by a chemical change, and they yield one or more products, which usually have properties different from the reactants. Reactions often consist of a sequence of individual sub-steps, the so-called elementary reactions, and the information on the precise course of action is part of the reaction mechanism. Chemical reactions are described with chemical equations, which symbolically present the starting materials, end products, and sometimes intermediate products and reaction conditions.Chemical reactions happen at a characteristic reaction rate at a given temperature and chemical concentration. Typically, reaction rates increase with increasing temperature because there is more thermal energy available to reach the activation energy necessary for breaking bonds between atoms.Reactions may proceed in the forward or reverse direction until they go to completion or reach equilibrium. Reactions that proceed in the forward direction to approach equilibrium are often described as spontaneous, requiring no input of free energy to go forward. Non-spontaneous reactions require input of free energy to go forward (examples include charging a battery by applying an external electrical power source, or photosynthesis driven by absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the form of sunlight).Different chemical reactions are used in combinations during chemical synthesis in order to obtain a desired product. In biochemistry, a consecutive series of chemical reactions (where the product of one reaction is the reactant of the next reaction) form metabolic pathways. These reactions are often catalyzed by protein enzymes. Enzymes increase the rates of biochemical reactions, so that metabolic syntheses and decompositions impossible under ordinary conditions can occur at the temperatures and concentrations present within a cell.The general concept of a chemical reaction has been extended to reactions between entities smaller than atoms, including nuclear reactions, radioactive decays, and reactions between elementary particles as described by quantum field theory.