Table of Contents - Free Coursework for GCSE, IGCSE, A Level, IB
... When it passes through a prism a continuous spectrum is obtained. When energy is applied to specific (individual) elements they emit a spectrum which only contains emissions of particular s. A line spectrum is not continuous. Each element has its own characteristic line spectrum. Hydrogen spectrum ...
... When it passes through a prism a continuous spectrum is obtained. When energy is applied to specific (individual) elements they emit a spectrum which only contains emissions of particular s. A line spectrum is not continuous. Each element has its own characteristic line spectrum. Hydrogen spectrum ...
Atomic Theory
... When it passes through a prism a continuous spectrum is obtained. When energy is applied to specific (individual) elements they emit a spectrum which only contains emissions of particular s. A line spectrum is not continuous. Each element has its own characteristic line spectrum. Hydrogen spectrum ...
... When it passes through a prism a continuous spectrum is obtained. When energy is applied to specific (individual) elements they emit a spectrum which only contains emissions of particular s. A line spectrum is not continuous. Each element has its own characteristic line spectrum. Hydrogen spectrum ...
The masses of reactants and products are equal.
... In these cases, multiply the two numbers together to find the number of atoms involved in the reaction. For example, two water molecules (2H2O) contain 2 • 2 = 4 hydrogen atoms and 2 • 1 = 2 oxygen atoms. Remember, coefficients in a chemical equation indicate how many molecules of each type take par ...
... In these cases, multiply the two numbers together to find the number of atoms involved in the reaction. For example, two water molecules (2H2O) contain 2 • 2 = 4 hydrogen atoms and 2 • 1 = 2 oxygen atoms. Remember, coefficients in a chemical equation indicate how many molecules of each type take par ...
HS-PS1-2. Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a
... reactions, graphs showing the relative energies of reactants and products, and representations showing energy is conserved.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products.] ...
... reactions, graphs showing the relative energies of reactants and products, and representations showing energy is conserved.] [Assessment Boundary: Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products.] ...
Unit A Review Questions
... Sodium is being oxidized because each sodium atom loses one electron to become a sodium ion, Na+(aq). Chlorine is being reduced because each chlorine atom gains one electron to become a chloride ion, Cl–(aq). A total of two electrons is transferred in this reaction. ...
... Sodium is being oxidized because each sodium atom loses one electron to become a sodium ion, Na+(aq). Chlorine is being reduced because each chlorine atom gains one electron to become a chloride ion, Cl–(aq). A total of two electrons is transferred in this reaction. ...
A-level Paper 3 Practice Paper 3 - A
... Iron(II) ethanedioate dihydrate can be analysed by titration using potassium manganate(VII) in acidic solution. In this reaction, manganate(VII) ions oxidise iron(II) ions and ethanedioate ions. A 1.381 g sample of impure FeC2O4.2H2O was dissolved in an excess of dilute sulfuric acid and made up to ...
... Iron(II) ethanedioate dihydrate can be analysed by titration using potassium manganate(VII) in acidic solution. In this reaction, manganate(VII) ions oxidise iron(II) ions and ethanedioate ions. A 1.381 g sample of impure FeC2O4.2H2O was dissolved in an excess of dilute sulfuric acid and made up to ...
Redox I
... Mg got oxidized. Fe2+ was the oxidizing agent. •Fe goes from an ion to an element: Fe2+ Fe Fe2+ got reduced. Mg was the reducing agent. ...
... Mg got oxidized. Fe2+ was the oxidizing agent. •Fe goes from an ion to an element: Fe2+ Fe Fe2+ got reduced. Mg was the reducing agent. ...
SCH3U - Norbraten
... Write the word and skeletal equation for the following reactions. Be sure to include the proper states of matter by using the appropriate subscripts. You do not need to balance the equation. If the reaction does not occur write NO REACTION (NR) 10. Magnesium metal burns in air to produce solid magne ...
... Write the word and skeletal equation for the following reactions. Be sure to include the proper states of matter by using the appropriate subscripts. You do not need to balance the equation. If the reaction does not occur write NO REACTION (NR) 10. Magnesium metal burns in air to produce solid magne ...
Slide 1
... oxidation is defined as the ____ loss of ________ _____ of a ________ electrons from the atoms substance -during its reaction with Chlorine _______, Sodium ______ _____ loses ________: electrons oxidation number is equal to the number of electrons lost or gained by an atom Reduction causes the numer ...
... oxidation is defined as the ____ loss of ________ _____ of a ________ electrons from the atoms substance -during its reaction with Chlorine _______, Sodium ______ _____ loses ________: electrons oxidation number is equal to the number of electrons lost or gained by an atom Reduction causes the numer ...
Summary from Organic Chemistry Packet:
... • Recognize the terms cis-, trans- isomers – Unsaturated molecules – Orientation around the double bond ...
... • Recognize the terms cis-, trans- isomers – Unsaturated molecules – Orientation around the double bond ...
Chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in the forming and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms, with no change to the nuclei (no change to the elements present), and can often be described by a chemical equation. Nuclear chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry that involves the chemical reactions of unstable and radioactive elements where both electronic and nuclear changes may occur.The substance (or substances) initially involved in a chemical reaction are called reactants or reagents. Chemical reactions are usually characterized by a chemical change, and they yield one or more products, which usually have properties different from the reactants. Reactions often consist of a sequence of individual sub-steps, the so-called elementary reactions, and the information on the precise course of action is part of the reaction mechanism. Chemical reactions are described with chemical equations, which symbolically present the starting materials, end products, and sometimes intermediate products and reaction conditions.Chemical reactions happen at a characteristic reaction rate at a given temperature and chemical concentration. Typically, reaction rates increase with increasing temperature because there is more thermal energy available to reach the activation energy necessary for breaking bonds between atoms.Reactions may proceed in the forward or reverse direction until they go to completion or reach equilibrium. Reactions that proceed in the forward direction to approach equilibrium are often described as spontaneous, requiring no input of free energy to go forward. Non-spontaneous reactions require input of free energy to go forward (examples include charging a battery by applying an external electrical power source, or photosynthesis driven by absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the form of sunlight).Different chemical reactions are used in combinations during chemical synthesis in order to obtain a desired product. In biochemistry, a consecutive series of chemical reactions (where the product of one reaction is the reactant of the next reaction) form metabolic pathways. These reactions are often catalyzed by protein enzymes. Enzymes increase the rates of biochemical reactions, so that metabolic syntheses and decompositions impossible under ordinary conditions can occur at the temperatures and concentrations present within a cell.The general concept of a chemical reaction has been extended to reactions between entities smaller than atoms, including nuclear reactions, radioactive decays, and reactions between elementary particles as described by quantum field theory.