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L-edge X-ray absorption study of mononuclear vanadium complexes
L-edge X-ray absorption study of mononuclear vanadium complexes

Few-body interactions in an ultracold gas of Cesium atoms
Few-body interactions in an ultracold gas of Cesium atoms

... corresponding three-body spectrum [Efi70, Efi71]. This discovery allowed him to find a solution to the notoriously complex problem of three interacting particles. Various nuclear systems [Jen04] and the 4 He trimer were put forward [Brü05] as supporting favorable conditions for the observation of E ...
Chapter 3: Ionic and Covalent Compounds Chapter 3: Ionic and
Chapter 3: Ionic and Covalent Compounds Chapter 3: Ionic and

... 80. Anions are formed when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons. A) True B) False Ans: A Difficulty: Easy 81. The (II) in the name of the ionic compound lead (II) acetate specifically indicates that there are two lead ions present in the compound. A) True B) False Ans: B Difficulty: Medium 82. ...
Interacting Fermionic Atoms in Optical Lattices
Interacting Fermionic Atoms in Optical Lattices

Preprint
Preprint

... What does a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate look like? More precisely, how does it interact with light, and does this differ fundamentally from what one would naively expect from a similar collection of very cold atoms? In the early 1990s, before Bose-Einstein condensation was realized in atomic ga ...
Excited states from time-dependent density functional theory
Excited states from time-dependent density functional theory

Stimulated Scattering of Indirect Excitons in Coupled Quantum Wells
Stimulated Scattering of Indirect Excitons in Coupled Quantum Wells

Applied Quantum Mechanics
Applied Quantum Mechanics

... The theory of quantum mechanics forms the basis for our present understanding of physical phenomena on an atomic and sometimes macroscopic scale. Today, quantum mechanics can be applied to most fields of science. Within engineering, important subjects of practical significance include semiconductor tr ...
Controlling electron quantum dot qubits by spin
Controlling electron quantum dot qubits by spin

Electronic and Optical Properties of Quantum Dots: A Tight - E-LIB
Electronic and Optical Properties of Quantum Dots: A Tight - E-LIB

pdf
pdf

... weak seed wave. The s-wave scattering coherently mixed pairs of atoms from the sources into the seed and its conjugate wave, creating a pair-correlated atomic beams with “squeezed” number difference. A Feshbach resonance was used to produce ultracold Na2 molecules with initial phase-space density in ...
Main_Article_revised_version
Main_Article_revised_version

... Gun, Halfords, Plc.) at an air-pressure feed of 3.5 bar until a blue coating was formed. UVvisible absorption spectra were measured from 450 – 700 nm using a PerkinElmer Lambda 25 device. A soft UVA light source was used as the excitation source for the photocatalytic reaction (365 nm –Vilber Lourma ...
Bulk and Structure Inversion Asymmetry in Semiconductor Quantum
Bulk and Structure Inversion Asymmetry in Semiconductor Quantum

Hybridization of atomic orbitals
Hybridization of atomic orbitals

Electron Fluxes During Chemical Processes - diss.fu
Electron Fluxes During Chemical Processes - diss.fu

Regents Review Live
Regents Review Live

...  Metals have low ionization energy. They lose electrons easily to form (+) charged ions.  Nonmetals have high ionization energy but high electronegativity. They gain electrons easily to form (-) charged ions when reacted with metals, or share unpaired valence electrons with other nonmetal atoms. ( ...
Name:
Name:

... 3. The bond energy of H2(g) is 436.4 kJ/mol and for Cl2(g) it is 242.7 kJ/mol. The bond energy for the formation of HCl(g) is 431.9 kJ/mol. What is the standard heat of formation for HCl (g) based on these values? What is the thermochemical equation for this reaction? 4. 1.435 g of naphthalene (C10H ...
Full-Text PDF
Full-Text PDF

RIKEN Accelerator Progress Report
RIKEN Accelerator Progress Report

Rydberg-Stark deceleration of atoms and
Rydberg-Stark deceleration of atoms and

... areas at the interface between physics and physical chemistry. Transitions between individual Rydberg states of carbon with values of n exceeding 1000 have been observed in absorption spectra following recombination in the interstellar medium [36]. In the upper atmosphere of the Earth atoms and mole ...
PDF
PDF

... The observation of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in dilute atomic gases in 1995 was the realization of many long-standing goals: (1) to cool neutral atoms into the ground state of the system, thus exerting ultimate control over the motion and position of atoms limited only by Heisenberg’s uncerta ...
Edge state transport - Penn Physics
Edge state transport - Penn Physics

... plateaus, the edge excitations of a fractional Hall fluid are extremely interesting in their own right. As emphasized by Wen17 , the FQHE edge excitations cannot be described in terms of non-interacting electrons. Rather, they must be thought of as a fluid of fractionally charged quasiparticle exci ...
Quantum Interference between Single Photons from a Single Atom
Quantum Interference between Single Photons from a Single Atom

Brilliant Preparatory Section, Sitamarhi
Brilliant Preparatory Section, Sitamarhi

Influence of Hydrogen Atoms on the Growth of carbon based
Influence of Hydrogen Atoms on the Growth of carbon based

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Ionization



Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes. Ionization can result from the loss of an electron after collisions with sub atomic particles, collisions with other atoms, molecules and ions, or through the interaction with light. Heterolytic bond cleavage and heterolytic substitution reactions can result in the formation of ion pairs. Ionization can occur through radioactive decay by the internal conversion process, in which an excited nucleus transfers its energy to one of the inner-shell electrons causing it to be ejected.
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