AQA C2 revision book
... Sand (silicon dioxide) is one example, diamond and graphite (both forms of carbon) are others are others. Because the bonds between all the atoms are very strong: 1) They have very high melting points. 2) They are very hard (graphite is an exception) 3) They do not conduct electricity (graphite is a ...
... Sand (silicon dioxide) is one example, diamond and graphite (both forms of carbon) are others are others. Because the bonds between all the atoms are very strong: 1) They have very high melting points. 2) They are very hard (graphite is an exception) 3) They do not conduct electricity (graphite is a ...
Unit 9 – Behavior of Gases
... a. oxygen atom b. silicon atom 5. a. Calculate the wavelength, in meters, of green light that has a frequency of 5.0x1014 s-1? What is the energy of this light? (h = 6.626 x 10-34 Js) 6. What happens when an electron drops from a higher to a lower energy level? 7. Where do you find the following on ...
... a. oxygen atom b. silicon atom 5. a. Calculate the wavelength, in meters, of green light that has a frequency of 5.0x1014 s-1? What is the energy of this light? (h = 6.626 x 10-34 Js) 6. What happens when an electron drops from a higher to a lower energy level? 7. Where do you find the following on ...
Synthesis Reactions occur when two of more reactants combine to
... Empirical/Molecular Practice: 1. Zinc form an ionic compound with an oxyanion. The formula is 44.97% Zn and 22.02% S. What is the formula and the name of the compound? 2. Naphthalenedisulfonic acid is found to be 41.7% C, 2.8% H, 22.2% S, and 33.3% O. The molar mass is 288 g/mol. Write the formula. ...
... Empirical/Molecular Practice: 1. Zinc form an ionic compound with an oxyanion. The formula is 44.97% Zn and 22.02% S. What is the formula and the name of the compound? 2. Naphthalenedisulfonic acid is found to be 41.7% C, 2.8% H, 22.2% S, and 33.3% O. The molar mass is 288 g/mol. Write the formula. ...
Unit 3: Chemical Kinetics
... topics that we need to first examine - reaction mechanisms and the concept of threshold energy. ...
... topics that we need to first examine - reaction mechanisms and the concept of threshold energy. ...
1.5.16(Chem) - mrcarlsonschemistryclass
... • Draw the funny way to remember cations and anions: ...
... • Draw the funny way to remember cations and anions: ...
exo and endo experiments
... atoms of a certain element on the left side of a chemical reaction equation, then you would have to have the same number of atoms of that element on the right side of the equation. This entails that mass can also be conserved during a chemical reaction. Combustion A combustion reaction can occur whe ...
... atoms of a certain element on the left side of a chemical reaction equation, then you would have to have the same number of atoms of that element on the right side of the equation. This entails that mass can also be conserved during a chemical reaction. Combustion A combustion reaction can occur whe ...
unit 2 - chemistry
... 3. Hydrogen bond – a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one O or one N H – O or H – N – may also be attracted to other O or H Weak bridges between molecules a. only 5% as strong as a covalent bond b. break and form easily c. found in H2O, proteins, and nucleic acids E. synthesis reaction – anabo ...
... 3. Hydrogen bond – a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one O or one N H – O or H – N – may also be attracted to other O or H Weak bridges between molecules a. only 5% as strong as a covalent bond b. break and form easily c. found in H2O, proteins, and nucleic acids E. synthesis reaction – anabo ...
Exam Review - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... 25. Rutherford's observation that a gold fail scatters some alpha particle through angles greater than 90º enabled him to conclude that a) all atoms are electrically neutral. b) the nucleus of the atom contains the positive charge. c) an electron has a very small mass. d) electrons are a part of al ...
... 25. Rutherford's observation that a gold fail scatters some alpha particle through angles greater than 90º enabled him to conclude that a) all atoms are electrically neutral. b) the nucleus of the atom contains the positive charge. c) an electron has a very small mass. d) electrons are a part of al ...
Chemistry 100
... Proper dress required for lab! Online HW 4 (Type II) due tomorrow by 7:00pm. Online HW 5 (Type I) due Monday 10/21 and (Type II) due Wednesday ...
... Proper dress required for lab! Online HW 4 (Type II) due tomorrow by 7:00pm. Online HW 5 (Type I) due Monday 10/21 and (Type II) due Wednesday ...
Chemistry Review: Unit2 - Menno Simons Christian School
... _chemical reaction is one in which a chemical change takes place and new substances are formed whereas the rate of a reaction is the speed at which the reaction occurs 23) Write down a word equation for corrosion. Iron + oxygen = iron oxide ...
... _chemical reaction is one in which a chemical change takes place and new substances are formed whereas the rate of a reaction is the speed at which the reaction occurs 23) Write down a word equation for corrosion. Iron + oxygen = iron oxide ...
AP Chemistry Summer Assignment - 2015
... Oxygen usually has an oxidation number of –2. Exceptions: In peroxides, such as H2O2, oxygen’s oxidation number is –1. In compounds with fluorine, such as OF2, oxygen’s oxidation number is +2. 5. Hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1 in all compounds containing elements that are more electronegat ...
... Oxygen usually has an oxidation number of –2. Exceptions: In peroxides, such as H2O2, oxygen’s oxidation number is –1. In compounds with fluorine, such as OF2, oxygen’s oxidation number is +2. 5. Hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1 in all compounds containing elements that are more electronegat ...
Bonding 1. Which one of the following is most likely to be an ionic
... 7. Consider the following gas-phase equilibrium: H2(g) + I2(g) ↔ 2HI(g) At a certain temperature, the equilibrium constant Kc is 4.0. Starting with equimolar quantities of H2 and I2 and no HI, when equilibrium was established, 0.20 moles of HI was present. How much H2 was used to start the reaction ...
... 7. Consider the following gas-phase equilibrium: H2(g) + I2(g) ↔ 2HI(g) At a certain temperature, the equilibrium constant Kc is 4.0. Starting with equimolar quantities of H2 and I2 and no HI, when equilibrium was established, 0.20 moles of HI was present. How much H2 was used to start the reaction ...
Objective: The objective of the lab is to study the types of reactions
... cramping of the muscle. When salt is put in water it dissolves into sodium and chloride ions that are too small to be seen. However, the effect can be seen by observing any electric current that can be produced. This is a common test to see if a material is an electrolyte (a compound that can be spl ...
... cramping of the muscle. When salt is put in water it dissolves into sodium and chloride ions that are too small to be seen. However, the effect can be seen by observing any electric current that can be produced. This is a common test to see if a material is an electrolyte (a compound that can be spl ...
Enzymes
... The active site places substrates in the correct orientation for the reaction. As the active site binds the substrate, it may put stress on bonds that must be broken, making it easier to reach the transition state. R groups at the active site may create a conducive microenvironment for a specific re ...
... The active site places substrates in the correct orientation for the reaction. As the active site binds the substrate, it may put stress on bonds that must be broken, making it easier to reach the transition state. R groups at the active site may create a conducive microenvironment for a specific re ...
Answers PRACTICE EXAM II Spring 2008 Part I. Multiple Choice (3
... 8. Which one of the following best describes what occurs in a reaction system when it reaches a state of dynamic equilibrium? 4. the rates for both forward and reverse reaction processes are the same 9. Which of the following solutions has the lowest freezing point? 3. 1.0 m Na2SO4 in water 10. Ide ...
... 8. Which one of the following best describes what occurs in a reaction system when it reaches a state of dynamic equilibrium? 4. the rates for both forward and reverse reaction processes are the same 9. Which of the following solutions has the lowest freezing point? 3. 1.0 m Na2SO4 in water 10. Ide ...
Types of Chemical Reactions
... Magnesium metal can be used to remove tarnish from silver items. Silver tarnish is the corrosion that occurs when silver metal reacts with substances in the environment, especially those containing sulfur. Why would magnesium remove tarnish from silver? ...
... Magnesium metal can be used to remove tarnish from silver items. Silver tarnish is the corrosion that occurs when silver metal reacts with substances in the environment, especially those containing sulfur. Why would magnesium remove tarnish from silver? ...
Chapter 4 - Aqueous Reactions
... A metal can be oxidized by any ion below it Metals above H, react with acids to give H2 The further up the series, the more readily the metal is oxidized See your textbook (p 136) for more elements ...
... A metal can be oxidized by any ion below it Metals above H, react with acids to give H2 The further up the series, the more readily the metal is oxidized See your textbook (p 136) for more elements ...
Chemistry 1 - Edexcel
... These atoms of oxygen are called . . . ......................................................................................................................... because their . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... ...
... These atoms of oxygen are called . . . ......................................................................................................................... because their . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......... ...
Chapters 14 and 15 Outline
... Standard solution – a solution that contains the precisely known concentration of a solute. Primary standard – is a highly purified solid compound used to check the concentration of the known solution in a titration. ...
... Standard solution – a solution that contains the precisely known concentration of a solute. Primary standard – is a highly purified solid compound used to check the concentration of the known solution in a titration. ...
Example - cloudfront.net
... a) Balance elements that appear in more than one compound __________ (NH4)2CO3 NH3 + CO2 + H2O b) Balance __________________ as though they are one item as long as the ion stays together as a group on each side of the arrow. Al + CuSO4 Al2(SO4)3 + Cu c) If you can’t seem to get it balanced, ____ ...
... a) Balance elements that appear in more than one compound __________ (NH4)2CO3 NH3 + CO2 + H2O b) Balance __________________ as though they are one item as long as the ion stays together as a group on each side of the arrow. Al + CuSO4 Al2(SO4)3 + Cu c) If you can’t seem to get it balanced, ____ ...
CBSE/12th Class/2010/CHEMISTRY
... (ii)The E0 value for the Mn3/Mn2+ couple is much more positive than that for Cr3/Cr2+ couple or Fe3+/Fe2+ couple.Because Mn3+ has the outer electronic configuration of 3d4 and Mn2+ has the outer electronic configuration of 3d5. Thus, the conversion of Mn3+ to Mn2+ will be a favourable reaction since ...
... (ii)The E0 value for the Mn3/Mn2+ couple is much more positive than that for Cr3/Cr2+ couple or Fe3+/Fe2+ couple.Because Mn3+ has the outer electronic configuration of 3d4 and Mn2+ has the outer electronic configuration of 3d5. Thus, the conversion of Mn3+ to Mn2+ will be a favourable reaction since ...
Differentiated Chemistry First Term Test Review
... A commercially valuable paint and adhesive stripper, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), (CH3)2SO, can be prepared by the reaction of oxygen with dimethyl sulfide, (CH3)2S, using a ratio of one mole oxygen to two moles of the sulfide: O2 + 2(CH3)2S → 2(CH3)2SO If this process has an 83% percent yield, how ma ...
... A commercially valuable paint and adhesive stripper, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), (CH3)2SO, can be prepared by the reaction of oxygen with dimethyl sulfide, (CH3)2S, using a ratio of one mole oxygen to two moles of the sulfide: O2 + 2(CH3)2S → 2(CH3)2SO If this process has an 83% percent yield, how ma ...
Halogens - Cronodon
... The chlorine has displaced the bromide because chlorine is a stronger oxidising agent than bromine (equivalently bromide is a stronger reducing agent than chloride). The oxidising power of the halogens decreases in the order: F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2 (oxidising strength) Q.16. When a halogen oxidises ano ...
... The chlorine has displaced the bromide because chlorine is a stronger oxidising agent than bromine (equivalently bromide is a stronger reducing agent than chloride). The oxidising power of the halogens decreases in the order: F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2 (oxidising strength) Q.16. When a halogen oxidises ano ...
Lewis acid catalysis
In Lewis acid catalysis of organic reactions, a metal-based Lewis acid acts as an electron pair acceptor to increase the reactivity of a substrate. Common Lewis acid catalysts are based on main group metals such as aluminum, boron, silicon, and tin, as well as many early (titanium, zirconium) and late (iron, copper, zinc) d-block metals. The metal atom forms an adduct with a lone-pair bearing electronegative atom in the substrate, such as oxygen (both sp2 or sp3), nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens. The complexation has partial charge-transfer character and makes the lone-pair donor effectively more electronegative, activating the substrate toward nucleophilic attack, heterolytic bond cleavage, or cycloaddition with 1,3-dienes and 1,3-dipoles.Many classical reactions involving carbon–carbon or carbon–heteroatom bond formation can be catalyzed by Lewis acids. Examples include the Friedel-Crafts reaction, the aldol reaction, and various pericyclic processes that proceed slowly at room temperature, such as the Diels-Alder reaction and the ene reaction. In addition to accelerating the reactions, Lewis acid catalysts are able to impose regioselectivity and stereoselectivity in many cases.Early developments in Lewis acid reagents focused on easily available compounds such as TiCl4, BF3, SnCl4, and AlCl3. The relative strengths of these (and other) Lewis acids may be estimated from NMR spectroscopy by the Childs method or the Gutmann-Beckett method. Over the years, versatile catalysts bearing ligands designed for specific applications have facilitated improvement in both reactivity and selectivity of Lewis acid-catalyzed reactions. More recently, Lewis acid catalysts with chiral ligands have become an important class of tools for asymmetric catalysis.Challenges in the development of Lewis acid catalysis include inefficient catalyst turnover (caused by catalyst affinity for the product) and the frequent requirement of two-point binding for stereoselectivity, which often necessitates the use of auxiliary groups.