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File - NCEA Level 3 Biology
File - NCEA Level 3 Biology

...  Hybrids are present but their fertility is not known. There is a suggestion of reduced fitness which would inhibit gene flow  Species have until recent colonisation had geographical separation and interbreeding was geographically impossible  etc ...
Minimizing Observer Effects in the Interpretation of Forensic DNA
Minimizing Observer Effects in the Interpretation of Forensic DNA

... Analyses of NDIS profiles would allow independent evaluation of some of the population genetic assumptions used to generate statistical weights for DNA profile matches with samples large enough to allow sensitive evaluation of population structure. Databases that have been made available for such an ...
DNA Replication
DNA Replication

DNA Replication: Seeing Double
DNA Replication: Seeing Double

... the Leading and Lagging strands two complete strands of DNA separate from one another. ...
DNA Technology
DNA Technology

... 1. DNA: Reliable cleavage by restriction enzymes requires DNA that is free from contaminants such as phenol or ethanol. Excessive salt will also interfere with digestion by many enzymes, although some are more tolerant of that problem. 2. An appropriate buffer: Different enzymes cut optimally in dif ...
Using Parker Brother`s game CLUE to learn about DNA
Using Parker Brother`s game CLUE to learn about DNA

... is reprinted with her permission for classroom use. Teachers, read the original article about this activity at this link. The DNA of humans is more alike than different. However, the technique of DNA fingerprinting to identify humans one from another looks at regions of the human genome where there ...
DNA and Genealogy
DNA and Genealogy

... Short Tandem Repeat. Also known as microsatellite. This is a genetic marker consisting of multiple copies of a short motif, (a sequence of DNA bases). Occasionally, a microsatellite will mutate by the gain or loss of one repeat. So-called "simple" STRs have just one contiguous set of repeats; "compl ...
17.3 The Process of Speciation
17.3 The Process of Speciation

... Many years ago, a few finches from South America arrived on a Galápagos island. These finches were geographically isolated from the original South American population. They survived and reproduced. Over time, some finches from the first island may have migrated to a new island, becoming a new geogra ...
forensic science
forensic science

... information of an organism. ...
For each multiple choice
For each multiple choice

... a) sexual selection is driven by female choice b) organisms have to evolve as fast as they can just to keep pace with evolution of other organisms around them c) genetic diversity is maintained by natural selection d) allele frequencies will not change generation after generation e) none of the abov ...
Fruit Salad—Hold the DNA, Please
Fruit Salad—Hold the DNA, Please

... bond together in a double-helix form. It is a very long molecule made of millions of nucleotides. Between two individuals only small portions of their DNA will differ. Scientists have investigated specific pieces of DNA that tend to differ more between individuals. These pieces are called markers, a ...
3.4 DNA Replication - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
3.4 DNA Replication - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca

...  Due to the fact that each nitrogen base will only fit with one other base, it ensures that the two new daughter strands are identical to each other and the parent strand from which they were made. ...
DNA Tech
DNA Tech

... Scientists use several techniques to manipulate DNA (cloning = copying genes, transferring genes between organisms, etc.) DNA must first be extracted and precisely cut so that it can be studied. Restriction enzymes (or molecular scissors) cut DNA at a certain nucleotide sequence called a restriction ...
Extracting DNA from Eukayotic Cells
Extracting DNA from Eukayotic Cells

...  Background DNA is a nucleic acid found in the nucleus of cells that stores and transmits genetic information from one generation of an organism to the next by coding for the production of a cell’s proteins. Bacteria, fungi, plants, animals and all other living organisms on this planet contain nucl ...
Keynote for 2008 Genomics Workshop
Keynote for 2008 Genomics Workshop

DNA Fingerprinting and Its Application in Paternity Testing
DNA Fingerprinting and Its Application in Paternity Testing

... Short Tandem Repeats (STRs)  Most commonly used nowadays because of very high discrimination power.  Forensic STR analysis looks at the length of up to 24 areas of DNA simultaneously.  Short sequence core repeat unit (2-6 bp).  Located in the nuclear DNA -either on autosomal or sex chromosomes- ...
NOVA Evolution Lab
NOVA Evolution Lab

Stress Tolerance in Group 1 and 2 Lager Brewing Strains
Stress Tolerance in Group 1 and 2 Lager Brewing Strains

... accepted that lager strains arose approximately 200 years ago following a mating reaction between these two species, recent evidence has suggested that such an event may have occurred more than once in the evolution of this yeast species. Recently it has been suggested that the S. pastorianus specie ...
1. True or False? A typical chromosome can contain
1. True or False? A typical chromosome can contain

DNA Workshop
DNA Workshop

... The single molecule of DNA in the bacteria, E. coli contains 4.7 x 106 nucleotide pairs. DNA replication begins at a single, fixed location in this molecule, called the replication origin, it proceeds at about _______ nucleotides per second, and thus is done in approximately _____ minutes. The avera ...
Species Concepts
Species Concepts

... - this species concept had its origin with Darwin, but was not popularized until the modern synthesis by Dobzhansky and Mayr. - based on the observation that populations of different species often coexist with one another in the same region, but do not interbreed. Mayr (1940) defined the BSC as “spe ...
Species Concepts
Species Concepts

... - this species concept had its origin with Darwin, but was not popularized until the modern synthesis by Dobzhansky and Mayr. - based on the observation that populations of different species often coexist with one another in the same region, but do not interbreed. Mayr (1940) defined the BSC as “spe ...
Stem Cells, Cancer, and Human Health
Stem Cells, Cancer, and Human Health

... 1. Unambiguous: if I show you a codon, there’s no question which amino acid to use next 2. Redundant: most amino acids have more than one codon ...
Adaptive Radiation - Ms. Poole`s Biology
Adaptive Radiation - Ms. Poole`s Biology

Genome & Protein “ Sequence Analysis Programs”
Genome & Protein “ Sequence Analysis Programs”

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DNA barcoding

DNA barcoding is a taxonomic method that uses a short genetic marker in an organism's DNA to identify it as belonging to a particular species. It differs from molecular phylogeny in that the main goal is not to determine patterns of relationship but to identify an unknown sample in terms of a preexisting classification. Although barcodes are sometimes used in an effort to identify unknown species or assess whether species should be combined or separated, the utility of DNA barcoding for these purposes is subject to debate.The most commonly used barcode region, for animals, at least, is a segment of approximately 600 base pairs of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI).Applications include, for example, identifying plant leaves even when flowers or fruit are not available, identifying insect larvae (which may have fewer diagnostic characters than adults and are frequently less well-known), identifying the diet of an animal, based on its stomach contents or faeces and identifying products in commerce (for example, herbal supplements, wood, or skins and other animal parts).
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