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Summer 2003 Test 3
Summer 2003 Test 3

... 19) Which of the following tools of recombinant DNA technology is incorrectly paired with its use? a) restriction enzyme and production of RFLPs b) DNA ligase and enzyme that cuts DNA, creating the sticky ends of restriction fragments c) DNA polymerase and its use in a PCR to amplify sections of DNA ...
Clone Unstable DNA by Lowering the Copy Number of Common Vectors
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... many others. In standard E. coli strains the copy number of pUC19 can reach well over 100 copies per cell.1 As shown in Table 1, the copy number of this vector is reduced by approximately 25-fold in the CopyCutter EPI400 strain compared to the parental TransforMAX EC100 strain, grown under the same ...
Computers of the Future? Moore`s Law Ending in 2018?
Computers of the Future? Moore`s Law Ending in 2018?

... – Encodes the genetic information of cellular organisms. – Consists of polymer chains, or strands – Each strand may be viewed as a chain of nucleotides, or bases, of length n. – The four DNA nucleotides are adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine, commonly abbreviated to A,G,C and T respectively. – B ...
Slide 1
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... • A repeated sequence of 2-5 nucleotides e.g. ACACACACACACACAC = AC8 • Usable repeat lengths are 8-40 copies • Occur in many locations in genome, usually in non-coding regions • Mutation prone (slippage replication) (High mutation rate – 10-2 to 10-5) • Thus any given population may contain variants ...
Biology 120 Lab Exam 2 Review Session
Biology 120 Lab Exam 2 Review Session

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(2) Excision Repair

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Current Microbiology 40:
Current Microbiology 40:

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BIOL 222 - philipdarrenjones.com
BIOL 222 - philipdarrenjones.com

... 3) Where in a DNA molecule can DNA polymerase add new nucleotides? A) 5’ end of new strand B) 3’ end of new strand C) randomly D) alternating 5’ and 3’ ends ...
SBI 3C genetics Study Guide (SPRING 2015)
SBI 3C genetics Study Guide (SPRING 2015)

... Describe the 3 reasons why cells need to divide Describe the phases of the cell cycle (including mitosis and cytokinesis and the 3 phases of interphase) What is asexual reproduction? Provide examples of organisms that divide through asexual reproduction and compare the DNA in the parent to the DNA i ...
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DNA replication machinery

... action of helicase, which breaks the hydrogen bonds holding the two DNA strands together. The resulting structure has two branching "prongs", each one made up of a single strand of DNA. Leading strand synthesis In DNA replication, the leading strand is defined as the new DNA strand at the replicatio ...
Section 8.7 Mutations
Section 8.7 Mutations

... Two Categories of Mutations: 1.Single Gene – affects one gene – usually caused by an error in DNA replication 2. Chromosomal – affects chromosomes – usually error in meiosis . Usually more harmful since many genes are affected. ...
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DNA technologies

... 4. Heat-stable DNA polymerase. Three steps in PCR: 1. Denaturation. Heat to 95°C. Double stranded template DNA denatures (the double stranded DNA helix becomes two separate single stranded templates for PCR). 2. Annealing. Reaction is cooled to temperature below the Annealing temperature of the prim ...
Bioinformatics - Welcome to the Official Website of
Bioinformatics - Welcome to the Official Website of

... applying “informatics techniques” (derived from disciplines such as applied maths, computer science ...
Have Good Genes in a Good Environment in Early
Have Good Genes in a Good Environment in Early

week 13_genetic information
week 13_genetic information

... cells and is transmitted to offspring, consists of specific sequence of nitrogenous bases. DNA synthesis involves the complementary pairing of nucleotide bases on 2 strands of DNA. Mechanism by which genetic info is decoded and used to direct cellular processes begins with the synthesis of RNA. RNA ...
BIOL 1107 - Chapter 17
BIOL 1107 - Chapter 17

... open and denature the DNA, which sticks to the filter at the site of each colony. The filter is incubated with a radioactively labeled probe that can form hybrids with complementary DNA in the gene of interest. ...
A rough guide to molecular biology.
A rough guide to molecular biology.

... be physically removed from the chromosomal DNA and amplified. To remove a piece of DNA, restriction enzymes are required. These enzymes are naturally generated in bacteria where they serve a protective function, cutting up foreign DNA at specific sites. Each enzyme, of which hundreds have been ident ...
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Molecular cloning



Molecular cloning is a set of experimental methods in molecular biology that are used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and to direct their replication within host organisms. The use of the word cloning refers to the fact that the method involves the replication of one molecule to produce a population of cells with identical DNA molecules. Molecular cloning generally uses DNA sequences from two different organisms: the species that is the source of the DNA to be cloned, and the species that will serve as the living host for replication of the recombinant DNA. Molecular cloning methods are central to many contemporary areas of modern biology and medicine.In a conventional molecular cloning experiment, the DNA to be cloned is obtained from an organism of interest, then treated with enzymes in the test tube to generate smaller DNA fragments. Subsequently, these fragments are then combined with vector DNA to generate recombinant DNA molecules. The recombinant DNA is then introduced into a host organism (typically an easy-to-grow, benign, laboratory strain of E. coli bacteria). This will generate a population of organisms in which recombinant DNA molecules are replicated along with the host DNA. Because they contain foreign DNA fragments, these are transgenic or genetically modified microorganisms (GMO). This process takes advantage of the fact that a single bacterial cell can be induced to take up and replicate a single recombinant DNA molecule. This single cell can then be expanded exponentially to generate a large amount of bacteria, each of which contain copies of the original recombinant molecule. Thus, both the resulting bacterial population, and the recombinant DNA molecule, are commonly referred to as ""clones"". Strictly speaking, recombinant DNA refers to DNA molecules, while molecular cloning refers to the experimental methods used to assemble them.
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