A study of archaeal enzymes involved in polar lipid
... the first search, ASS from M. thermautotrophicus, whose function has been experimentally determined, was used as a query to collect ASS candidates. In the case of Bacteria, two PSS types have been reported (Matsumoto 1997), which are hereafter referred to as PSS-I and -II. They have evolved from dif ...
... the first search, ASS from M. thermautotrophicus, whose function has been experimentally determined, was used as a query to collect ASS candidates. In the case of Bacteria, two PSS types have been reported (Matsumoto 1997), which are hereafter referred to as PSS-I and -II. They have evolved from dif ...
Evolutionary Forces in Shaping the Codon and Amino Acid Usages
... do not cluster together on the first major axis produced by CA on RSCU values. These results indicate that the translational selection may not be so strong to overcome strand specific mutational bias in this organism. In order to confirm our assumption we further performed CA on RSCU values only on ...
... do not cluster together on the first major axis produced by CA on RSCU values. These results indicate that the translational selection may not be so strong to overcome strand specific mutational bias in this organism. In order to confirm our assumption we further performed CA on RSCU values only on ...
A Putative ABC Transporter Permease Is Necessary for Resistance
... The PPA4455 − lacZ transcriptional fusion was constructed by amplifying the PA4455 operon promoter region, encompassing nucleotides 810–1223 bp upstream of the start codon of PA4455. PCR was performed using primers Pr4455/Xh5′ and Pr4455/Bm3′ with PAO1 chromosomal DNA. The resulting 413bp fragment w ...
... The PPA4455 − lacZ transcriptional fusion was constructed by amplifying the PA4455 operon promoter region, encompassing nucleotides 810–1223 bp upstream of the start codon of PA4455. PCR was performed using primers Pr4455/Xh5′ and Pr4455/Bm3′ with PAO1 chromosomal DNA. The resulting 413bp fragment w ...
Complete genome sequence of the rifamycin SV
... although the corresponding PKS protein does have the same domain structure as that of M. tuberculosis. Actually, with several putative transporters and regulators annotated in these two clusters, they are more likely to code for the biosynthesis of unknown secondary metabolites (Figure 1). In additi ...
... although the corresponding PKS protein does have the same domain structure as that of M. tuberculosis. Actually, with several putative transporters and regulators annotated in these two clusters, they are more likely to code for the biosynthesis of unknown secondary metabolites (Figure 1). In additi ...
(EC 2.2.1.1) active in the Calvin cycle of spinach chloroplasts
... trophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha TKL functions as a formaldehyde-accepting dihydroxyacetone synthase (DHAS) during methanol assimilation [ 19]. Comparatively little is known about the plant transketolase enzyme. Some previous studies indicated that higher plants in general might possess chloroplas ...
... trophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha TKL functions as a formaldehyde-accepting dihydroxyacetone synthase (DHAS) during methanol assimilation [ 19]. Comparatively little is known about the plant transketolase enzyme. Some previous studies indicated that higher plants in general might possess chloroplas ...
Biochemistry Practical Notes Authors: Ida Fakla Péter Ferdinandy
... ml of distilled water into the tubes marked 2/a, 3/a, 4/a and 5/a, respectively. Then take out 0.5 ml of the stock solution from the first tube (1/a) and put it into the second tube (2/a). After thorough mixing the p- nitrophenyl phosphate concentration in this tube is the 1/2 of the original one, n ...
... ml of distilled water into the tubes marked 2/a, 3/a, 4/a and 5/a, respectively. Then take out 0.5 ml of the stock solution from the first tube (1/a) and put it into the second tube (2/a). After thorough mixing the p- nitrophenyl phosphate concentration in this tube is the 1/2 of the original one, n ...
... Different steps of local alignment algorithm and modified local alignment algorithms are described in detail. It has assigned that the two types of dynamic programming algorithms (local and global) guaranteed to find the optimal alignment, but modified version of Smith-Waterman algorithms, like BLAS ...
KS3 Biology 8C Microbes and Disease © Boardworks Ltd 2004
... Microbes have many uses that are based on the fact that microbes can be grown. Bacteria grow in milk to make it ‘go off’. This type of bacterial growth is used ...
... Microbes have many uses that are based on the fact that microbes can be grown. Bacteria grow in milk to make it ‘go off’. This type of bacterial growth is used ...
Histidine Biosynthetic Pathway and Genes: Structure
... that, at variance with the yeast systems (119, 175), the bacterial his genes were tightly clustered. Demonstration of coordinate expression of this cluster led to the suggestion that this group of genes might function as a single unit of expression and regulation (13). After the formal enunciation o ...
... that, at variance with the yeast systems (119, 175), the bacterial his genes were tightly clustered. Demonstration of coordinate expression of this cluster led to the suggestion that this group of genes might function as a single unit of expression and regulation (13). After the formal enunciation o ...
Lactic acid bacteria as a cell factory: rerouting of carbon metabolism
... co-metabolic fermentation with lactose [30]. During this fermentation the intermediate ␣-acetolactate is accumulated, which is chemically (nonenzymatically) converted to diacetyl through an oxidative decarboxylation reaction (Fig. 3). Based on its aroma value, efficient diacetyl (or its precursor ␣- ...
... co-metabolic fermentation with lactose [30]. During this fermentation the intermediate ␣-acetolactate is accumulated, which is chemically (nonenzymatically) converted to diacetyl through an oxidative decarboxylation reaction (Fig. 3). Based on its aroma value, efficient diacetyl (or its precursor ␣- ...
... Regulation of gene expression is an essential mechanism that allows bacteria to rapidly adapt to alterations in their environment. Gene expression in bacteria is mainly controlled at the level of transcription initiation. To achieve this control a number of different mechanisms have evolved, one of ...
Biotic interactions in Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems: Are they a factor?
... persistent lack of ‘‘bioavailable’’ water often further compromised by high levels of salinity (Claridge and Campbell, 1977; Bockheim, 1997; Barrett et al., 2004). The additive effects of such extreme aridity and widely fluctuating physicochemical conditions may greatly influence the physiological ada ...
... persistent lack of ‘‘bioavailable’’ water often further compromised by high levels of salinity (Claridge and Campbell, 1977; Bockheim, 1997; Barrett et al., 2004). The additive effects of such extreme aridity and widely fluctuating physicochemical conditions may greatly influence the physiological ada ...
- Wiley Online Library
... known to make WEs from recalcitrant isoprenoid alcohols that are released from accumulated (bacterio)chlorophylls in marine sediments (Rontani et al., 1999). Other yet undiscovered hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria may have evolved other scavenging mechanisms that allow them to utilize other types of hyd ...
... known to make WEs from recalcitrant isoprenoid alcohols that are released from accumulated (bacterio)chlorophylls in marine sediments (Rontani et al., 1999). Other yet undiscovered hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria may have evolved other scavenging mechanisms that allow them to utilize other types of hyd ...
Rapid communication: Nucleotide sequence of red seabream
... amino acids and 14 amino acids from gilthead seabream and red seabream β-actin amino acid sequences, respectively (Figure 1). The amino acid sequences of red seabream β-actin differed from those of β-actin of gilthead seabream, which belongs to the same family as red seabream, by 16 amino acids out ...
... amino acids and 14 amino acids from gilthead seabream and red seabream β-actin amino acid sequences, respectively (Figure 1). The amino acid sequences of red seabream β-actin differed from those of β-actin of gilthead seabream, which belongs to the same family as red seabream, by 16 amino acids out ...
Alignment
... substrings of length k (k-mers) of score at least t --also called hits. k is normally 3 to 5 for amino acids and 12 for nucleotides. 2. Extend each hit to a locally maximal segment. Terminate the extension when the reduction in score exceeds a pre-defined threshold 3. Report maximal segments above s ...
... substrings of length k (k-mers) of score at least t --also called hits. k is normally 3 to 5 for amino acids and 12 for nucleotides. 2. Extend each hit to a locally maximal segment. Terminate the extension when the reduction in score exceeds a pre-defined threshold 3. Report maximal segments above s ...
Proficiency Test Lyon 2008
... metabolic pathway remained unknown for a long time. It had been showed that urinary excretion of L2-hydroxyglutaric acid (L2OHGA) was independent of feeding, but relied exclusively on endogenous production: approximately 25% from liver and 75 % from muscle. The toxicity of L-2-hydroxyglutaric is due ...
... metabolic pathway remained unknown for a long time. It had been showed that urinary excretion of L2-hydroxyglutaric acid (L2OHGA) was independent of feeding, but relied exclusively on endogenous production: approximately 25% from liver and 75 % from muscle. The toxicity of L-2-hydroxyglutaric is due ...
the Drosophila melanogaster species group
... 28S gene supporting the ananassae + montium subgroups node. The few 28S characters, they believe, is a result of a rapid speciation event. Methodologically, Neighbour-Joining produces a single ‘resolved’ tree, however, its solutions are not considered optimal and should not used for final phylogenet ...
... 28S gene supporting the ananassae + montium subgroups node. The few 28S characters, they believe, is a result of a rapid speciation event. Methodologically, Neighbour-Joining produces a single ‘resolved’ tree, however, its solutions are not considered optimal and should not used for final phylogenet ...
Supplementary File
... 1.2 Choice of values for the parameters and Since the model contained two parameters and (see the ‘Model description’ section), the effect of these parameters on the ability of the mixture model to separate the cytotoxic and nontoxic conditions were studied to: (i) identify the optimal value ...
... 1.2 Choice of values for the parameters and Since the model contained two parameters and (see the ‘Model description’ section), the effect of these parameters on the ability of the mixture model to separate the cytotoxic and nontoxic conditions were studied to: (i) identify the optimal value ...
Chapter 11
... is finding and isolating the cells that contain the gene of interest. • First, the cells that have taken up the plasmid must be identified. • Often vectors include genes for resistance to certain kinds of antibiotics. This resistance helps scientists identify the cells of interest. Chapter menu ...
... is finding and isolating the cells that contain the gene of interest. • First, the cells that have taken up the plasmid must be identified. • Often vectors include genes for resistance to certain kinds of antibiotics. This resistance helps scientists identify the cells of interest. Chapter menu ...