IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
... ground, and twisted pair. There is no direct relationship between cross section, velocity of propagation, and characteristic impedance. In a balanced transmission line, the two conductors have similar properties and are electrically indistinguishable[1,2,6]. For example, each wire of a twisted pair ...
... ground, and twisted pair. There is no direct relationship between cross section, velocity of propagation, and characteristic impedance. In a balanced transmission line, the two conductors have similar properties and are electrically indistinguishable[1,2,6]. For example, each wire of a twisted pair ...
ELEC 225L Circuit Theory I Laboratory Fall 2010
... The circuit we will study is shown in Figure 1. The voltage source Vth and the resistor Rth form a Thévenin equivalent representation of a function generator. As shown in Figure 1a, you will be connecting a capacitor (several different values) and an inductor to the function generator and measuring ...
... The circuit we will study is shown in Figure 1. The voltage source Vth and the resistor Rth form a Thévenin equivalent representation of a function generator. As shown in Figure 1a, you will be connecting a capacitor (several different values) and an inductor to the function generator and measuring ...
Chapter 21
... 3- If an AC circuit consists of a source and an inductor, the current lags behind the voltage by 90°. That is, the voltage reaches its maximum value one quarter of a period before the current reaches its maximum value. 4- If an AC circuit consists of a source and a capacitor, the current leads the ...
... 3- If an AC circuit consists of a source and an inductor, the current lags behind the voltage by 90°. That is, the voltage reaches its maximum value one quarter of a period before the current reaches its maximum value. 4- If an AC circuit consists of a source and a capacitor, the current leads the ...
Analog Metropolis AM8060 Roland Jupiter 6 Multi Mode
... stages each with a 2-pole OTA based filter which can be set as high pass or low pass. The VCF is built from one IR3109 with external capacitors, and an internal exponential CV generator to control the frequency cut off. A second IR3109 is used merely as 2x VCA’s to control the resonance in each filt ...
... stages each with a 2-pole OTA based filter which can be set as high pass or low pass. The VCF is built from one IR3109 with external capacitors, and an internal exponential CV generator to control the frequency cut off. A second IR3109 is used merely as 2x VCA’s to control the resonance in each filt ...
Receiver Design - School of Electrical Engineering and Computer
... work in mW, the expression is dBm. If you work in watts, the expression is dBW. With kilowatts, the expression is dBK. • The notation dB is for decibel. As a stand-alone notation, it is a ratio of gain, which can be added or subtracted to any referenced ...
... work in mW, the expression is dBm. If you work in watts, the expression is dBW. With kilowatts, the expression is dBK. • The notation dB is for decibel. As a stand-alone notation, it is a ratio of gain, which can be added or subtracted to any referenced ...
A 0.5 - 5.5 GHz Distributed Low Noise Amplifier Errikos Lourandakis Fotis Plessas
... Rs and Rp were used as sweep parameters. Typical values for the other model parameters were used in the simulations. The diagrams show that the additive noise level increases with raising series resistance Rs (Fig. 5.a) and decreases with increasing substrate resistance Rp (Fig. 5.b). An ideal imple ...
... Rs and Rp were used as sweep parameters. Typical values for the other model parameters were used in the simulations. The diagrams show that the additive noise level increases with raising series resistance Rs (Fig. 5.a) and decreases with increasing substrate resistance Rp (Fig. 5.b). An ideal imple ...
Experiment 1
... circuits with resistors, capacitors and other components. When we consider components in a theoretical circuit diagram, the impedance of inductors and capacitors is their reactance only. Any resistance is modeled separately as a resistor. So theoretical capacitors and inductors have impedance, but ...
... circuits with resistors, capacitors and other components. When we consider components in a theoretical circuit diagram, the impedance of inductors and capacitors is their reactance only. Any resistance is modeled separately as a resistor. So theoretical capacitors and inductors have impedance, but ...
Electronic Instrumentation
... circuits with resistors, capacitors and other components. When we consider components in a theoretical circuit diagram, the impedance of inductors and capacitors is their reactance only. Any resistance is modeled separately as a resistor. So theoretical capacitors and inductors have impedance, but ...
... circuits with resistors, capacitors and other components. When we consider components in a theoretical circuit diagram, the impedance of inductors and capacitors is their reactance only. Any resistance is modeled separately as a resistor. So theoretical capacitors and inductors have impedance, but ...
Document
... Figure 7.27 A simple but inefficient approach for differential to single-ended conversion. ...
... Figure 7.27 A simple but inefficient approach for differential to single-ended conversion. ...
References - Carollo Engineers
... potential to damage the machines. To accommodate these issues, various devices are used to balance the reactive power being provided or absorbed. To date, the most common way to improve a poor “lagging” PF in any plant is to install “PF improvement capacitors”. This method is a time proven means for ...
... potential to damage the machines. To accommodate these issues, various devices are used to balance the reactive power being provided or absorbed. To date, the most common way to improve a poor “lagging” PF in any plant is to install “PF improvement capacitors”. This method is a time proven means for ...
P. Cantillon-Murphy, T.C. Neugebauer, C. Brasca, and D.J. Perreault, “An Active Ripple Filtering Technique for Improving Common-Mode Inductor Performance,” IEEE Power Electronics Letters , Vol. 2, No. 2, June 2004, pp. 45-50.
... frequency range of interest is from 150 kHz to 1.7 MHz. At frequencies greater than the bandwidth of the op-amp, the filter again performs as a passive component. The technique is appropriate when the size of the filter’s choke is determined by the attenuation requirements at the low end of the spec ...
... frequency range of interest is from 150 kHz to 1.7 MHz. At frequencies greater than the bandwidth of the op-amp, the filter again performs as a passive component. The technique is appropriate when the size of the filter’s choke is determined by the attenuation requirements at the low end of the spec ...
Frequency-selective MEMS for miniaturized low
... upon strategies for either miniaturizing these components [1]–[5] or eliminating the need for them altogether [6]–[8]. Recent demonstrations of micro-scale high- oscillators and mechanical bandpass filters with area dimensions on 20 m now bring the first of the the order of 30 m above strategies clo ...
... upon strategies for either miniaturizing these components [1]–[5] or eliminating the need for them altogether [6]–[8]. Recent demonstrations of micro-scale high- oscillators and mechanical bandpass filters with area dimensions on 20 m now bring the first of the the order of 30 m above strategies clo ...
Delivering Clean and Pure Power
... to passive filters and are gaining market share speedily as their cost becomes competitive with the passive variety. Through power electronics, the active filter introduces current or voltage components, which cancel the harmonic components of the nonlinear loads or supply lines, respectively. Diffe ...
... to passive filters and are gaining market share speedily as their cost becomes competitive with the passive variety. Through power electronics, the active filter introduces current or voltage components, which cancel the harmonic components of the nonlinear loads or supply lines, respectively. Diffe ...
ISSCC 2007 / SESSION 30 / BUILDING BLOCKS FOR HIGH
... Growing demand for high-speed communication channels, capable of transferring high volume of data in real time, is the driving force for the telecommunication industry to expand the optical networks closer to customers’ home and businesses. Developing low-cost optical transceivers accelerates the de ...
... Growing demand for high-speed communication channels, capable of transferring high volume of data in real time, is the driving force for the telecommunication industry to expand the optical networks closer to customers’ home and businesses. Developing low-cost optical transceivers accelerates the de ...
Modelling of Crosstalk and Delay for Distributed RLCG On
... In that frequency range, the most accurate simulation model for on-chip VLSI interconnects is the distributed RLC model. Unfortunately, this model has many limitations at much higher of operating frequency used in today’s VLSI design. The reduction in cross-sectional dimension leads to more tightly ...
... In that frequency range, the most accurate simulation model for on-chip VLSI interconnects is the distributed RLC model. Unfortunately, this model has many limitations at much higher of operating frequency used in today’s VLSI design. The reduction in cross-sectional dimension leads to more tightly ...
Advanced Licence Course EMC (2)
... • The key thing to remember is: • Keep your station in good working order. – Do checks from time to time on the station equipment. • This means “the emitted frequency of the apparatus comprised in the Radio Equipment is stable and free from Unwanted Emissions as the state of technical development of ...
... • The key thing to remember is: • Keep your station in good working order. – Do checks from time to time on the station equipment. • This means “the emitted frequency of the apparatus comprised in the Radio Equipment is stable and free from Unwanted Emissions as the state of technical development of ...
Restoration of a 1951 RCA-Victor Model X-711 AM
... AGC is applied to the grid of V2 from the wire below the first set of tuned circuits next to C13 . In the schematic, AM signals pass through the “lower” resonant tanks, while FM signals pass through the “upper” resonant tanks. The nature of the two IF frequencies (455kHz and 10.7MHz) allows for the ...
... AGC is applied to the grid of V2 from the wire below the first set of tuned circuits next to C13 . In the schematic, AM signals pass through the “lower” resonant tanks, while FM signals pass through the “upper” resonant tanks. The nature of the two IF frequencies (455kHz and 10.7MHz) allows for the ...
Chapter 11 Fundamentals of Passives: Discrete, Integrated, and
... Caps have associated inductance Self resonant frequency ...
... Caps have associated inductance Self resonant frequency ...
Model 450 Series II User Guide
... circuit. These wires provide a contact closure when the pressto-talk switch is depressed. This closure may be used to control an external relay or a transmit/receive circuit. ...
... circuit. These wires provide a contact closure when the pressto-talk switch is depressed. This closure may be used to control an external relay or a transmit/receive circuit. ...
Signal Injection in Sensorless PMSM Drives Equipped With Inverter
... values used in the controller were equal to those of the motor and filter models. Simulation and experimental results showing speed reference steps at zero load torque are shown in Fig. 6. The rotor position estimation error shown in the last subplot is the difference between the actual (measured) a ...
... values used in the controller were equal to those of the motor and filter models. Simulation and experimental results showing speed reference steps at zero load torque are shown in Fig. 6. The rotor position estimation error shown in the last subplot is the difference between the actual (measured) a ...
Introduction
... charge which will not be able to dissipate or relax into the filtration system due to the high resistivity of the material. The filter will act as a capacitor and charge until the voltage is great enough to overcome the gap and discharge to a lower potential. If the filter is charged with a high eno ...
... charge which will not be able to dissipate or relax into the filtration system due to the high resistivity of the material. The filter will act as a capacitor and charge until the voltage is great enough to overcome the gap and discharge to a lower potential. If the filter is charged with a high eno ...
ALIGNMENT DATA T/S vs
... graph indicates a slight impedance change due to increased port resistance at box resonance. Below this small peak the impedance remains resistive and with the driver isolated from the port, acoustic cancellation between driver and port is eliminated. The ETL™ alignment can be executed using a longe ...
... graph indicates a slight impedance change due to increased port resistance at box resonance. Below this small peak the impedance remains resistive and with the driver isolated from the port, acoustic cancellation between driver and port is eliminated. The ETL™ alignment can be executed using a longe ...
Video Transcript - Rose
... In this problem, a circuit is given in frequency domain. We want to find the load impedance ZL that results in maximum average power transferred to the load. We also need to find the maximum average power transferred to the load impedance. For a maximum power transfer problem, generally we begin by ...
... In this problem, a circuit is given in frequency domain. We want to find the load impedance ZL that results in maximum average power transferred to the load. We also need to find the maximum average power transferred to the load impedance. For a maximum power transfer problem, generally we begin by ...
Chapter 5: Transmission Lines
... Example 4 A 50-Ω lossless transmission line is to be matched to a resistive load impedance with ZL=100Ω via a quarter-wave section as shown, thereby eliminating reflections along the feedline. Find the characteristic impedance of the quarter-wave ...
... Example 4 A 50-Ω lossless transmission line is to be matched to a resistive load impedance with ZL=100Ω via a quarter-wave section as shown, thereby eliminating reflections along the feedline. Find the characteristic impedance of the quarter-wave ...
Mutual Inductance and Transformer Circuits with LTspice IV
... The corresponding LTspice IV schematic is shown in Figure 2. The coupled_inductor_pair_1 component from the 03_coupled_inductors component directory is used to represent the coupled inductor pair. There are three parameter values that must be set when using a pair of coupled inductors. You must set ...
... The corresponding LTspice IV schematic is shown in Figure 2. The coupled_inductor_pair_1 component from the 03_coupled_inductors component directory is used to represent the coupled inductor pair. There are three parameter values that must be set when using a pair of coupled inductors. You must set ...
Distributed element filter
A distributed element filter is an electronic filter in which capacitance, inductance and resistance (the elements of the circuit) are not localised in discrete capacitors, inductors and resistors as they are in conventional filters. Its purpose is to allow a range of signal frequencies to pass, but to block others. Conventional filters are constructed from inductors and capacitors, and the circuits so built are described by the lumped element model, which considers each element to be ""lumped together"" at one place. That model is conceptually simple, but it becomes increasingly unreliable as the frequency of the signal increases, or equivalently as the wavelength decreases. The distributed element model applies at all frequencies, and is used in transmission line theory; many distributed element components are made of short lengths of transmission line. In the distributed view of circuits, the elements are distributed along the length of conductors and are inextricably mixed together. The filter design is usually concerned only with inductance and capacitance, but because of this mixing of elements they cannot be treated as separate ""lumped"" capacitors and inductors. There is no precise frequency above which distributed element filters must be used but they are especially associated with the microwave band (wavelength less than one metre).Distributed element filters are used in many of the same applications as lumped element filters, such as selectivity of radio channel, bandlimiting of noise and multiplexing of many signals into one channel. Distributed element filters may be constructed to have any of the bandforms possible with lumped elements (low-pass, band-pass, etc.) with the exception of high-pass, which is usually only approximated. All filter classes used in lumped element designs (Butterworth, Chebyshev, etc.) can be implemented using a distributed element approach.There are many component forms used to construct distributed element filters, but all have the common property of causing a discontinuity on the transmission line. These discontinuities present a reactive impedance to a wavefront travelling down the line, and these reactances can be chosen by design to serve as approximations for lumped inductors, capacitors or resonators, as required by the filter.The development of distributed element filters was spurred on by the military need for radar and electronic counter measures during World War II. Lumped element analogue filters had long before been developed but these new military systems operated at microwave frequencies and new filter designs were required. When the war ended, the technology found applications in the microwave links used by telephone companies and other organisations with large fixed-communication networks, such as television broadcasters. Nowadays the technology can be found in several mass-produced consumer items, such as the converters (figure 1 shows an example) used with satellite television dishes.