Multi-transient EM technology in practice
... CSEM method uses a continuous harmonic signal that has traditionally consisted of a square wave with a fundamental frequency of typically 0.01-10 Hz and odd harmonics of the fundamental frequency. Individual frequencies are transmitted one at a time, a process that is inefficient and timeconsuming. ...
... CSEM method uses a continuous harmonic signal that has traditionally consisted of a square wave with a fundamental frequency of typically 0.01-10 Hz and odd harmonics of the fundamental frequency. Individual frequencies are transmitted one at a time, a process that is inefficient and timeconsuming. ...
10-Frequency Response Basic Concept XC = 1/2πfc This formula
... The BJT amplifier in Fig10-8 has three high-pass RC circuits that affect its gain as the frequency is reduced below midrange. These are shown in the low-frequency ac equivalent circuit in Fig10-9. Which represented midrange response (XC ≈ 0Ω), the low-frequency equivalent circuit retains the couplin ...
... The BJT amplifier in Fig10-8 has three high-pass RC circuits that affect its gain as the frequency is reduced below midrange. These are shown in the low-frequency ac equivalent circuit in Fig10-9. Which represented midrange response (XC ≈ 0Ω), the low-frequency equivalent circuit retains the couplin ...
Millimeter-wave and Terahertz Devices Q. Hu
... Semiconductor quantum wells are human-made quantum mechanical systems in which the energy levels can be designed and engineered to be of any value. Consequently, unipolar lasers based on intersubband transitions (electrons that make lasing transitions between subband levels within the conduction ban ...
... Semiconductor quantum wells are human-made quantum mechanical systems in which the energy levels can be designed and engineered to be of any value. Consequently, unipolar lasers based on intersubband transitions (electrons that make lasing transitions between subband levels within the conduction ban ...
Adaptive Systems in Digital Communication Designs
... make it a powerful device to provide the robustness that is desired for all communication systems. Perhaps one of the most well known applications of adaptive system in digital communications is that of channel equalization, where an adaptive filter is used to remove inter-symbol interference (ISI) ...
... make it a powerful device to provide the robustness that is desired for all communication systems. Perhaps one of the most well known applications of adaptive system in digital communications is that of channel equalization, where an adaptive filter is used to remove inter-symbol interference (ISI) ...
Equalization (audio)
Equalization (British: equalisation) is the process of adjusting the balance between frequency components within an electronic signal. The most well known use of equalization is in sound recording and reproduction but there are many other applications in electronics and telecommunications. The circuit or equipment used to achieve equalization is called an equalizer. These devices strengthen (boost) or weaken (cut) the energy of specific frequency bands.In sound recording and reproduction, equalization is the process commonly used to alter the frequency response of an audio system using linear filters. Most hi-fi equipment uses relatively simple filters to make bass and treble adjustments. Graphic and parametric equalizers have much more flexibility in tailoring the frequency content of an audio signal. An equalizer is the circuit or equipment used to achieve equalization. Since equalizers, ""adjust the amplitude of audio signals at particular frequencies,"" they are, ""in other words, frequency-specific volume knobs.""In the field of audio electronics, the term ""equalization"" has come to include the adjustment of frequency responses for practical or aesthetic reasons, often resulting in a net response that is not truly equalized. The term EQ specifically refers to this variant of the term. Stereos typically have adjustable equalizers which boost or cut bass or treble frequencies. Broadcast and recording studios use sophisticated equalizers capable of much more detailed adjustments, such as eliminating unwanted sounds or making certain instruments or voices more prominent.Equalizers are used in recording studios, radio studios and production control rooms, and live sound reinforcement to correct the response of microphones, instrument pick-ups, loudspeakers, and hall acoustics. Equalization may also be used to eliminate unwanted sounds, make certain instruments or voices more prominent, enhance particular aspects of an instrument's tone, or combat feedback (howling) in a public address system. Equalizers are also used in music production to adjust the timbre of individual instruments by adjusting their frequency content and to fit individual instruments within the overall frequency spectrum of the mix.The most common equalizers in music production are parametric, semi-parametric, graphic, peak, and program equalizers. Graphic equalizers are often included in consumer audio equipment and software which plays music on home computers. Parametric equalizers require more expertise than graphic equalizers, and they can provide more specific compensation or alteration around a chosen frequency. This may be used in order to remove (or to create) a resonance, for instance.