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Nervous System - Intermediate School Biology
Nervous System - Intermediate School Biology

... The division of the nervous system into two parts  The central nervous system (CNS) – brain and spinal cord  The peripheral nervous system (PNS) contains the nerves carrying messages to and from the CNS. ...
Nervous System
Nervous System

... (1) Somatic Nervous System – controls skeletal muscle contractions (voluntary) and involuntary skeletal contractions like those seen in reflexes (automatic response – put hand on hot stove, remove it quickly) (2) Autonomic Nervous System – provides automatic regulation of smooth muscles, cardiac mus ...
Chapter - Heartland Community College
Chapter - Heartland Community College

... 1. The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord. 2. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) contains the cranial and spinal nerves and ganglia. II. Nervous Tissue  Nervous tissue is made up of neurons (nerve cells) and neuroglia (which support and nourish the neurons). A. Neur ...
Essential Questions and Vocabulary
Essential Questions and Vocabulary

... BIOPSYCHOLOGY AND THE BRAIN Essential Questions:  What is a neuron? What are its major parts and functions?  What types of neurons are found in the nervous system?  How are neural messages transmitted?  How is the neural system organized?  What are the lobes and localizations of the brain?  H ...
The Nervous System funtions and neuron
The Nervous System funtions and neuron

... – Cell body (contains nucleus & other organelles…no centrioles???) – Dendrites (conveys signal to cell body) – Axons (conduct messages away from cell body) – Myelin Sheath (insulation layer composed of Schwann Cells) – Synaptic Terminal (relays signals to other cells by releasing ...
Lower Limb Nerve Injuries
Lower Limb Nerve Injuries

... 3. Electromyography (EMG)  Hypodermic need inserted into muscle to visualise and hear muscle recruitment  At rest there is silence, during movement noise and spikes  Denervated muscles fire spontaneously (occur 7-12 days post injury)  Chronic neuropathy shows polyphasic profile Interpretation of ...
Informed Consent Form for Oral Surgery
Informed Consent Form for Oral Surgery

... Damage to the Inferior Dental Nerve, which gives feeling to the lower teeth, lower lip and chin, on each side of the Mandible (lower jaw). This nerve passes very close to the root of the lower wisdom tooth (often in contact with it) and cannot be seen on the radiographs. This nerve is very close to ...
File - Perkins Science
File - Perkins Science

... Four neuroglial cell types are found in the CNS: a.Oligodendrocytes: form myelin sheaths around the axons of CNS neurons b.Microglia: migrate around CNS tissue and phagocytize foreign and degenerated material c.Astrocytes: regulate the external environment of the neurons d.Ependymal cells: line the ...
Axon - Perkins Science
Axon - Perkins Science

... Four neuroglial cell types are found in the CNS: a.Oligodendrocytes: form myelin sheaths around the axons of CNS neurons b.Microglia: migrate around CNS tissue and phagocytize foreign and degenerated material c.Astrocytes: regulate the external environment of the neurons d.Ependymal cells: line the ...
What is the structure of the neuron? (continued)
What is the structure of the neuron? (continued)

... extending from the cell body—typically, one axon and many dendrites. The most common type of neuron in the CNS. ...
Nervous System - Cloudfront.net
Nervous System - Cloudfront.net

... 2. Vesicles with chemicals move toward the membrane what is that called? 3. Chemicals are released and diffuse toward the next cell’s plasma membrane 4. The chemicals open up the transport proteins and allow the signal to pass to the next cell - what type of diffusion is this? ...
The Role of sema2a in the Neural Compensatory
The Role of sema2a in the Neural Compensatory

... system damage can affect people’s lives, a clearer perception of how simple nervous systems react to injury could help us to deduce the mechanisms responsible for general neural recovery, and hopefully one day this knowledge will elucidate ways in which we can promote the recovery of damaged human n ...
Terms - IS MU
Terms - IS MU

... Fig. 3 Myelination in the central nervous system. A single oligodendrocyte myelinates numerous axons (a) and, in section, concentric layers of myelin are seen to spiral around the axon (b). Myelin sheaths are arranged along axons in segments 1 mm long separated by short nodes, and would appear as l ...
Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives

... Understand the competing forces of the electrical and concentration gradients on potassium ions and how this competition produces the resting potential. ...
The Nervous System - Appoquinimink High School
The Nervous System - Appoquinimink High School

... Can also form scar tissue within CNS ...
Chapter 33
Chapter 33

...  The ability to respond to environmental stimuli is a fundamental property of life.  Single celled organisms respond in a simple way – e.g. avoiding a noxious substance.  The evolution of multicellularity required more complex mechanisms for communication between cells. ...
Biology 12 - The Nervous System Study Guide
Biology 12 - The Nervous System Study Guide

... 1. Explain how the nervous system is divided into sub-systems. What is the main function of each subsystem? 2. Draw and label a simple motor neuron and state the function of each labelled part. 3. What are the three types of neurons? Describe each and state their function(s). 4. What is an action po ...
Chapter 43
Chapter 43

... – Support neurons both structurally and functionally – Schwann cells and oligodendrocytes produce myelin sheaths surrounding axons • In the CNS, myelinated axons form white matter – Dendrites/cell bodies form gray matter ...
Anatomy and Physiology 121: The Nervous System General
Anatomy and Physiology 121: The Nervous System General

...  Impulses travel from dendrite on cell body through axon to presynaptic terminal  Axons secrete neurotransmitter from synaptic vesicles in knobs on axon when receives an impulse  When transmitter reaches postsynaptic neuron it triggers an synaptic potential Neurotransmitter Substances  ~ 50 neur ...
Lecture #21 Date
Lecture #21 Date

... A neuron is like a French Fry: high Na+ outside, high K+ (POTassium/potato) inside!!! During the AP, we will turn our axon INSIDE OUT!!! To fire an action potential, we have to be at resting potential (-70 mV), maintained by closed Na+ and K+ channels If enough NT molecules are picked up by dendrite ...
histology lab 3
histology lab 3

... • Involuntary control, control is actually inherent so no external stimuli is required to cause contraction ...
Chapter 3 Notes (part 1) 1. Basic Elements of the Nervous System (a
Chapter 3 Notes (part 1) 1. Basic Elements of the Nervous System (a

...  responsible for activation of the body as part of “fight or flight” response  parasympathetic division  responsible for non-fight/flight functions such as peristalsis and release of digestive enzymes (b) Brain Anatomy and Localization of Function i. Neuroplasticity and Neurogenesis A. neurogenes ...
Upgrade Nerve Reflexology Migraine. Is the Trigeminal
Upgrade Nerve Reflexology Migraine. Is the Trigeminal

... vessels that causes the migraine attacks. Who are we to doubt these well-established facts? The question is: if we all know for very sure that it is the Trigeminal nerve that is responsible for all this ongoing suffering, why is there such a lack of very effective treatment and medication? Despite a ...
Aim: How does the nervous system function? Do Now
Aim: How does the nervous system function? Do Now

... Peripheral Nervous System ...
Autonomic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System

... The autonomic nervous system carries impulses from the central nervous system to glands, various involuntary muscles, cardiac muscle, and various ...
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Neuroregeneration

Neuroregeneration refers to the regrowth or repair of nervous tissues, cells or cell products. Such mechanisms may include generation of new neurons, glia, axons, myelin, or synapses. Neuroregeneration differs between the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous system (CNS) by the functional mechanisms and especially the extent and speed. When an axon is damaged, the distal segment undergoes Wallerian degeneration, losing its myelin sheath. The proximal segment can either die by apoptosis or undergo the chromatolytic reaction, which is an attempt at repair. In the CNS, synaptic stripping occurs as glial foot processes invade the dead synapse.Nervous system injuries affect over 90,000 people every year. It is estimated that spinal cord injuries alone affect 10,000 each year. As a result of this high incidence of neurological injuries, nerve regeneration and repair, a subfield of neural tissue engineering, is becoming a rapidly growing field dedicated to the discovery of new ways to recover nerve functionality after injury. The nervous system is divided into two parts: the central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which consists of cranial and spinal nerves along with their associated ganglia. While the peripheral nervous system has an intrinsic ability for repair and regeneration, the central nervous system is, for the most part, incapable of self-repair and regeneration. There is currently no treatment for recovering human nerve function after injury to the central nervous system. In addition, multiple attempts at nerve re-growth across the PNS-CNS transition have not been successful. There is simply not enough knowledge about regeneration in the central nervous system. In addition, although the peripheral nervous system has the capability for regeneration, much research still needs to be done to optimize the environment for maximum regrowth potential. Neuroregeneration is important clinically, as it is part of the pathogenesis of many diseases, including multiple sclerosis.
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