Lecture-24-2012-Bi
... (However, AD is not considered a normal part of aging). The more common form of AD, known as late-onset or sporadic AD, occurs later in life, with no obvious inheritance pattern. However, several risk factor genes may interact with each other to cause the disease. Most common risk factor gene identi ...
... (However, AD is not considered a normal part of aging). The more common form of AD, known as late-onset or sporadic AD, occurs later in life, with no obvious inheritance pattern. However, several risk factor genes may interact with each other to cause the disease. Most common risk factor gene identi ...
Sensory input: Sensory structures, classification by function
... 2. gustatory receptors have microvilli that project to the surface of the epithelium 3. molecules dissolved in saliva bind with membrane receptors in the gustatory microvilli, changing its membrane potential and causing the release of a neurotransmitter 4. there are at least 5 types of gustatory mem ...
... 2. gustatory receptors have microvilli that project to the surface of the epithelium 3. molecules dissolved in saliva bind with membrane receptors in the gustatory microvilli, changing its membrane potential and causing the release of a neurotransmitter 4. there are at least 5 types of gustatory mem ...
The biological basis of behavior
... • Synapse: area composed of the axon terminal of one neuron, the synaptic space, and the dendrite or cell body of the next neuron. • Neurotransmitters: chemicals released by the synaptic vesicles that travel across the synaptic space and affect adjacent neurons. • Synaptic vesicles: tiny sacs in a t ...
... • Synapse: area composed of the axon terminal of one neuron, the synaptic space, and the dendrite or cell body of the next neuron. • Neurotransmitters: chemicals released by the synaptic vesicles that travel across the synaptic space and affect adjacent neurons. • Synaptic vesicles: tiny sacs in a t ...
Spinal cord worksheet
... 7.A complete pathway through the nervous system from stimulus to response____________________ ...
... 7.A complete pathway through the nervous system from stimulus to response____________________ ...
Motor control
... sets of coordinated actions. • It is possible, then, that more complex actions are simply combinations or modifications of central pattern generators. ...
... sets of coordinated actions. • It is possible, then, that more complex actions are simply combinations or modifications of central pattern generators. ...
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
... – Sensory – monitors internal & external environment through presence of receptors. – Integration – interpretation of sensory information (information processing); complex (higher order) functions. – Motor – response to information processed through stimulation of effectors – Muscle contraction. – G ...
... – Sensory – monitors internal & external environment through presence of receptors. – Integration – interpretation of sensory information (information processing); complex (higher order) functions. – Motor – response to information processed through stimulation of effectors – Muscle contraction. – G ...
Neuron Anatomy
... density (PSD). Function of PSD? - Anchor receptors for nts in the postsynaptic membrane. - Involved in the conversion of chemical signal into an electrical one = transduction. ...
... density (PSD). Function of PSD? - Anchor receptors for nts in the postsynaptic membrane. - Involved in the conversion of chemical signal into an electrical one = transduction. ...
Peripheral Nervous System
... the outside under resting conditions due to distribution of ions controlled by Na+/K+ pump that require ATP • Nerve impulse starts when the membrane of the nerve depolarizes due to some stimulus, chemical, temp. changes, mechanical, etc…. • Depolarization is caused by the influx of Na+ which causes ...
... the outside under resting conditions due to distribution of ions controlled by Na+/K+ pump that require ATP • Nerve impulse starts when the membrane of the nerve depolarizes due to some stimulus, chemical, temp. changes, mechanical, etc…. • Depolarization is caused by the influx of Na+ which causes ...
chapter38
... cannot cross the synapse, but trigger chemicals to be released from the presynaptic neuron by exocytosis that can stimulate the postsynaptic neuron. These chemicals are called neurotransmitters. ...
... cannot cross the synapse, but trigger chemicals to be released from the presynaptic neuron by exocytosis that can stimulate the postsynaptic neuron. These chemicals are called neurotransmitters. ...
Part 1: From Ion Channels to behavior, HT2009 Course
... SV and LDV, morphology and life cycle Mechanisms for recycling of SVs Main functions of the common small and large transmitters Release mechanisms Principle for transduction of electrical signal to release The SNARE machinery, synaptotagmin Effects of Tetanus and Botulinum toxins The principle of qu ...
... SV and LDV, morphology and life cycle Mechanisms for recycling of SVs Main functions of the common small and large transmitters Release mechanisms Principle for transduction of electrical signal to release The SNARE machinery, synaptotagmin Effects of Tetanus and Botulinum toxins The principle of qu ...
Pain
... SV and LDV, morphology and life cycle Mechanisms for recycling of SVs Main functions of the common small and large transmitters Release mechanisms Principle for transduction of electrical signal to release The SNARE machinery, synaptotagmin Effects of Tetanus and Botulinum toxins The principle of qu ...
... SV and LDV, morphology and life cycle Mechanisms for recycling of SVs Main functions of the common small and large transmitters Release mechanisms Principle for transduction of electrical signal to release The SNARE machinery, synaptotagmin Effects of Tetanus and Botulinum toxins The principle of qu ...
ACTION POTENTIALS
... When a neuron is at rest, it is negatively charged because of the large chloride ions inside of it. Sodium ions want to enter the neuron from outside (due to polarity differences) but cannot, due to the semipermeable neural membrane. When the sodium channels open, sodium rushes into the neuron, caus ...
... When a neuron is at rest, it is negatively charged because of the large chloride ions inside of it. Sodium ions want to enter the neuron from outside (due to polarity differences) but cannot, due to the semipermeable neural membrane. When the sodium channels open, sodium rushes into the neuron, caus ...
Nervous System
... • A cell membrane is usually electrically charged, or polarized, so that the inside of the membrane is negatively charged with respect to the outside of the membrane (which is then positively charged). • This is as a result of unequal distribution of ions on the inside and the outside of the membran ...
... • A cell membrane is usually electrically charged, or polarized, so that the inside of the membrane is negatively charged with respect to the outside of the membrane (which is then positively charged). • This is as a result of unequal distribution of ions on the inside and the outside of the membran ...
BioH Nervous System PPT 2013
... • Think dominoes! – start the signal • knock down line of dominoes by tipping 1st one trigger the signal ...
... • Think dominoes! – start the signal • knock down line of dominoes by tipping 1st one trigger the signal ...
SENSORY SYSTEMS (Windows to the World
... Ampullary organ sensitive to low freq. fields (0.1-20 Hz) - 0.005 uV/cm gradient - what a flounders makes at 30 cm. Detect 1.5 V battery across 1500 Km of saltwater. Gymnotidae & Mormyridae, weakly active electric fish Tuberous organ sensitive to high freq. fields (50social signals. Can pulse field ...
... Ampullary organ sensitive to low freq. fields (0.1-20 Hz) - 0.005 uV/cm gradient - what a flounders makes at 30 cm. Detect 1.5 V battery across 1500 Km of saltwater. Gymnotidae & Mormyridae, weakly active electric fish Tuberous organ sensitive to high freq. fields (50social signals. Can pulse field ...
PSE4U1 - 10.Unit 4
... • Do not transmit impulses • Special type of connective tissue • Maintain functioning of neurons by holding them together and protecting them • 3 types – Astrocytes: large, star shaped, threadlike branches attached to neurons and blood vessels – Microglia: smaller than astrocytes, stationary, when b ...
... • Do not transmit impulses • Special type of connective tissue • Maintain functioning of neurons by holding them together and protecting them • 3 types – Astrocytes: large, star shaped, threadlike branches attached to neurons and blood vessels – Microglia: smaller than astrocytes, stationary, when b ...
Chapter 48 and 49 Name_______________________________
... 9. What change in the permeability of the cell’s membrane to K+ and/or Na+ could cause the cell’s membrane potential to shift from -70mV to -90mV? The opening of ion channels in the plasma membrane converts chemical potential to electrical potential A neuron at resting potential contains many open K ...
... 9. What change in the permeability of the cell’s membrane to K+ and/or Na+ could cause the cell’s membrane potential to shift from -70mV to -90mV? The opening of ion channels in the plasma membrane converts chemical potential to electrical potential A neuron at resting potential contains many open K ...
The Nervous System
... • A neuron has a large cell body that contains the nucleus. • Dendrites - threadlike extensions on the cell body that carry impulses toward the neuron’s cell body. • Axon - carries impulses away from the cell body. ...
... • A neuron has a large cell body that contains the nucleus. • Dendrites - threadlike extensions on the cell body that carry impulses toward the neuron’s cell body. • Axon - carries impulses away from the cell body. ...
8-Nervous tissue
... neurons of each nervous pathway. Similar intercellular junctions link neurons and their effector cells such as muscle fibers;where neurons synapse with skeletal muscle they are referred to as neuromuscular junction or motor end plate. ...
... neurons of each nervous pathway. Similar intercellular junctions link neurons and their effector cells such as muscle fibers;where neurons synapse with skeletal muscle they are referred to as neuromuscular junction or motor end plate. ...
The skin performs all of the following except
... Explain what an action potential is? K+ ions are entering the neuron Negatively charged proteins are leaving the neuron Na+ ions are entering the neuron The myelin coat has broken down and ions are ...
... Explain what an action potential is? K+ ions are entering the neuron Negatively charged proteins are leaving the neuron Na+ ions are entering the neuron The myelin coat has broken down and ions are ...
The NERVOUS SYSTEM
... Anterior view showing spinal cord, associated nerves, and vertebrae. The dorsal and ventral roots arise medially as rootlets and join laterally to form the spinal nerve. Figure 13.7 (a) ...
... Anterior view showing spinal cord, associated nerves, and vertebrae. The dorsal and ventral roots arise medially as rootlets and join laterally to form the spinal nerve. Figure 13.7 (a) ...
Neuromuscular junction
A neuromuscular junction (sometimes called a myoneural junction) is a junction between nerve and muscle; it is a chemical synapse formed by the contact between the presynaptic terminal of a motor neuron and the postsynaptic membrane of a muscle fiber. It is at the neuromuscular junction that a motor neuron is able to transmit a signal to the muscle fiber, causing muscle contraction.Muscles require innervation to function—and even just to maintain muscle tone, avoiding atrophy. Synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction begins when an action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal of a motor neuron, which activates voltage-dependent calcium channels to allow calcium ions to enter the neuron. Calcium ions bind to sensor proteins (synaptotagmin) on synaptic vesicles, triggering vesicle fusion with the cell membrane and subsequent neurotransmitter release from the motor neuron into the synaptic cleft. In vertebrates, motor neurons release acetylcholine (ACh), a small molecule neurotransmitter, which diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on the cell membrane of the muscle fiber, also known as the sarcolemma. nAChRs are ionotropic receptors, meaning they serve as ligand-gated ion channels. The binding of ACh to the receptor can depolarize the muscle fiber, causing a cascade that eventually results in muscle contraction.Neuromuscular junction diseases can be of genetic and autoimmune origin. Genetic disorders, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, can arise from mutated structural proteins that comprise the neuromuscular junction, whereas autoimmune diseases, such as myasthenia gravis, occur when antibodies are produced against nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the sarcolemma.