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II. Transistor and Transistor Application
II. Transistor and Transistor Application

... From the property 4 results: a small current flowing into the base controls a much larger (approximately 100 times larger) current flowing into the collector. Note the result of property 2: the base is more positive than the emitter because of the forward diode drop, which is equal to about 0.6-0.8 ...
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... Units of Power and Energy Unit of power is Watt (W). Power is energy per unit time. Thus, energy can be measured in kilowatt-hours. This is not a standard unit, because the SI unit for power is W and for time is s. 1 kWh = (103 W) (3600 s) = 3.6 106 J ...
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... Q. 6. Find the effective resistance of resistors 0.01 ohms and 10 ohms.in series and parallel Q. 7. Two resistors of same materials has been connected in series first and then in parallel. Draw a V – I graph to distinguish these connection. ...
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... the amount of power that is switched through higher. Output or driver transistors may have collector voltages as low as 26 volts, but they will draw up to 1.0 ampere or more current. Therefore, transformer windings, rectifiers, and filter chokes of necessary power supplies need to have higher curren ...
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... terminals, an electric potential difference exists between them. The maximum potential difference is called the electromotive force* (emf) of the battery. The electric potential difference is also known as the voltage, V. The SI unit for voltage is the volt, after Alessandro Volta (17451827) who inv ...
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... - in other words, electrons have only one pathway to travel through a series circuit -if switch is opened, all electrons are blocked and the current stops Think of people using a waterslide. There is only one single path for everyone to follow. Everyone must walk up the same stairs in order to gain ...
= 1.7×10 Ω·m and α = 0.0039/°C.
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... of capacitors in parallel is the sum of the individual capacitances. A capacitor is a device for storing charge. It stores charge inversely proportional to the voltage applied across the capacitor and directly proportional to the capacitance. In a parallel situation the same voltage is applied acros ...
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TRIAC



TRIAC, from triode for alternating current, is a genericized tradename for an electronic component that can conduct current in either direction when it is triggered (turned on), and is formally called a bidirectional triode thyristor or bilateral triode thyristor.TRIACs are a subset of thyristors and are closely related to silicon controlled rectifiers (SCR). However, unlike SCRs, which are unidirectional devices (that is, they can conduct current only in one direction), TRIACs are bidirectional and so allow current in either direction. Another difference from SCRs is that TRIAC current can be enabled by either a positive or negative current applied to its gate electrode, whereas SCRs can be triggered only by positive current into the gate. To create a triggering current, a positive or negative voltage has to be applied to the gate with respect to the MT1 terminal (otherwise known as A1).Once triggered, the device continues to conduct until the current drops below a certain threshold called the holding current.The bidirectionality makes TRIACs very convenient switches for alternating-current (AC) circuits, also allowing them to control very large power flows with milliampere-scale gate currents. In addition, applying a trigger pulse at a controlled phase angle in an AC cycle allows control of the percentage of current that flows through the TRIAC to the load (phase control), which is commonly used, for example, in controlling the speed of low-power induction motors, in dimming lamps, and in controlling AC heating resistors.
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