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Main mechanisms for drug action
Main mechanisms for drug action

Slide 1
Slide 1

... controlled studies in women, or no studies are available in either animals or women. However, potential benefits may overweight the potential risk (700 drs; atenolol, aminophylline). •D - Positive evidence of human fetal risk exists, but benefits in certain situations (e.g., life-threatening situati ...
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IN VITRO ACECLOFENAC SODIUM FOR PERIODONTITIS Research Article

... to rest of the body parts leads to potential side effects. This problem can be overcome by administering the drug directly to the intended site of action with lesser dose3. The local production of prostaglandins and other metabolites of arachidonic acid within the periodontal tissues contribute to a ...
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Click Here

... that are popular in scientific applications, such as discrete time Markov chains, the Poisson process, continuous time Markov processes, renewal processes, queuing models, and Brownian motion. ...
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RDRC_application - Stony Brook Research

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Slides 17: Waiting for Disaster (PDF, 135 KB)

... Survival Analysis We will use a few concepts from survival analysis. Survival analysis models waiting for an event to happen. It was first developed in medicine, where it was used to model how long terminally ill patients had to live. The associated terminology is grim. We will use it to model how ...
CARDIOVASCULAR INTERACTIONS
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Production of Biodiesel from Peanut Oil by Transesterification
Production of Biodiesel from Peanut Oil by Transesterification

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Phenytoin Dosing Guidelines

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amiodarone - DavisPlus

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Ch. 18-Drugs used to Lower Lipids

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PHARMACEUTICAL STUDIES ON FLASH TABLETS OFA HIGHLY SOLUBLE METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE
PHARMACEUTICAL STUDIES ON FLASH TABLETS OFA HIGHLY SOLUBLE METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE

... Metformin is a biguanide type insulin sensitizing drug used to treat type-2 diabetes [1]. It is used in drug discovery in vivo models to assess the anti-diabetic potential of other drugs. Metformin became commercially available in 1957.Therapeutic doses of metformin do not produce hypoglycemia, and ...
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Adrenergic Drugs - Nursing Pharmacology

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... case of CT this is achieved by elimination of the high frequency components in the data. Nowadays, the method developed by the mathematicians Shepp and Logan [17] is well established. The resulting algorithms consist of two steps, a filtering of the data, via discrete convolution in the two-dimensio ...
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IV-phenytoin-in-SE-version 3.1 final

... increase in the steady state plasma concentration. So unlike, for example, gentamicin where a 25% increase in the dose would result in an increase of 25% in the steady state concentration, a similar increase in a phenytoin dose could lead to a much larger, disproportionate increase in the steady sta ...
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... increase in the steady state plasma concentration. So unlike, for example, gentamicin where a 25% increase in the dose would result in an increase of 25% in the steady state concentration, a similar increase in a phenytoin dose could lead to a much larger, disproportionate increase in the steady sta ...
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Final - 台大物理治療學系首頁

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Pharmacokinetics of the Antimycobacterial Agents
Pharmacokinetics of the Antimycobacterial Agents

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Plateau principle

The plateau principle is a mathematical model or scientific law originally developed to explain the time course of drug action The principle has wide applicability in pharmacology, physiology, nutrition, biochemistry and system dynamics. It applies whenever a drug or nutrient is infused or ingested at a relatively constant rate and when a constant fraction is eliminated during each time interval. Under these conditions, any change in the rate of infusion leads to an exponential increase or decrease until a new level is achieved. This behavior is also called an approach to steady state because rather than causing an indefinite increase or decrease, a natural balance is achieved when the rate of infusion or production is balanced by the rate of loss.An especially important use of the plateau principle is to study the renewal of tissue constituents in the human and animal body. In adults, daily synthesis of tissue constituents is nearly constant, and most constituents are removed with a first order reaction rate. Applicability of the plateau principle was recognized during radiotracer studies of protein turnover in the 1940s by Rudolph Schoenheimer and David Rittenberg. Unlike the case with drugs, the initial amount of tissue or tissue protein is not zero because daily synthesis offsets daily elimination. In this case, the model is also said to approach a steady state with exponential or logarithmic kinetics. Constituents that change in this manner are said to have a biological half-life.A practical application of the plateau principle is that most people have experienced ""plateauing"" during regimens for weight management or training for sports. After a few weeks of progress, one seems unable to continue gaining in ability or losing weight. This outcome results from the same underlying quantitative model. This entry will describe the popular concepts as well as development of the plateau principle as a scientific, mathematical model.In the sciences, the broadest application of the plateau principle is creating realistic time signatures for change in kinetic models (see Mathematical model). One example of this principle is the long time required to effectively change human body composition. Theoretical studies have shown that many months of consistent physical training and food restriction are needed to bring about permanent weight stability in people who were previously overweight.
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