Click here for X-Ray diffraction PPT
... If the atoms are arranged in a periodic fashion, as in crystals, the diffracted waves will consist of sharp interference maxima (peaks) with the same symmetry as in the distribution of atoms. Measuring the diffraction pattern therefore allows us to deduce the distribution of atoms in a material. The ...
... If the atoms are arranged in a periodic fashion, as in crystals, the diffracted waves will consist of sharp interference maxima (peaks) with the same symmetry as in the distribution of atoms. Measuring the diffraction pattern therefore allows us to deduce the distribution of atoms in a material. The ...
Deuterium Triode Thyratron
... 6. For anode current pulse widths greater than 0.3 microseconds but less than 10 microseconds, a useful formula for estimating the allowable peak current is ib=ib0 (3/tp)Áת amps, where tp is the pulse width in microseconds, and ib0, the peak current rating at tp = 3 microseconds, is 1,500 amps for ...
... 6. For anode current pulse widths greater than 0.3 microseconds but less than 10 microseconds, a useful formula for estimating the allowable peak current is ib=ib0 (3/tp)Áת amps, where tp is the pulse width in microseconds, and ib0, the peak current rating at tp = 3 microseconds, is 1,500 amps for ...
Electric Components
... – In one direction the depletion layer is even wider: no current flows. – In the other direction, the layer disappears: current can flow. – Above a certain voltage, the diode acts like a conductor. As electrons and holes meet each other at the junction they combine and disappear. The battery keeps t ...
... – In one direction the depletion layer is even wider: no current flows. – In the other direction, the layer disappears: current can flow. – Above a certain voltage, the diode acts like a conductor. As electrons and holes meet each other at the junction they combine and disappear. The battery keeps t ...
Semiconductors_TG.ver3
... negative charge, so they can be considered to be positively charged. 3. Select the "No hole" check box. Do you observe any electric current? Deselect the check box and observe again. Explain why there is a difference. There is no electric current without the presence of holes. Every space into which ...
... negative charge, so they can be considered to be positively charged. 3. Select the "No hole" check box. Do you observe any electric current? Deselect the check box and observe again. Explain why there is a difference. There is no electric current without the presence of holes. Every space into which ...
IMAGING X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY E. D.
... assuming that one hundred percent of the atoms that strike the surface stick. This “monolayer time” should be longer than the duration of the experiment to avoid the effects of contamination. We can establish a maximum base pressure in which to perform surface sensitive experiments based on the conc ...
... assuming that one hundred percent of the atoms that strike the surface stick. This “monolayer time” should be longer than the duration of the experiment to avoid the effects of contamination. We can establish a maximum base pressure in which to perform surface sensitive experiments based on the conc ...
Document
... By controlling the phase shift angle between the two half bridge modules, the phase shift full bridge (PSFB) converters can achieve zero-voltageswitching (ZVS) operation for the power switches to improve the efficiency. However, the PSFB converters have some limitations, such as large diode rev ...
... By controlling the phase shift angle between the two half bridge modules, the phase shift full bridge (PSFB) converters can achieve zero-voltageswitching (ZVS) operation for the power switches to improve the efficiency. However, the PSFB converters have some limitations, such as large diode rev ...
cathode-ray display of complex quantities at varying
... has been demonstrated by Siewert and Just 4). The apparatus for a test frequency range of 151500 kcfs can be used for Q values up to about 1000 at 15 kcls and for proportionally higher Q values at higher frequencies. In this version of the instrument the frequency sweep (i.e. the maximum deviation f ...
... has been demonstrated by Siewert and Just 4). The apparatus for a test frequency range of 151500 kcfs can be used for Q values up to about 1000 at 15 kcls and for proportionally higher Q values at higher frequencies. In this version of the instrument the frequency sweep (i.e. the maximum deviation f ...
Cavity magnetron
The cavity magnetron is a high-powered vacuum tube that generates microwaves using the interaction of a stream of electrons with a magnetic field while moving past a series of open metal cavities (cavity resonators). Bunches of electrons passing by the openings to the cavities excite radio wave oscillations in the cavity, much as a guitar's strings excite sound in its sound box. The frequency of the microwaves produced, the resonant frequency, is determined by the cavities' physical dimensions. Unlike other microwave tubes, such as the klystron and traveling-wave tube (TWT), the magnetron cannot function as an amplifier, increasing the power of an applied microwave signal, it serves solely as an oscillator, generating a microwave signal from direct current power supplied to the tube.The first form of magnetron tube, the split-anode magnetron, was invented by Albert Hull in 1920, but it wasn't capable of high frequencies and was little used. Similar devices were experimented with by many teams through the 1920s and 30s. On November 27, 1935, Hans Erich Hollmann applied for a patent for the first multiple cavities magnetron, which he received on July 12, 1938, but the more stable klystron was preferred for most German radars during World War II. The cavity magnetron tube was later improved by John Randall and Harry Boot in 1940 at the University of Birmingham, England. The high power of pulses from their device made centimeter-band radar practical for the Allies of World War II, with shorter wavelength radars allowing detection of smaller objects from smaller antennas. The compact cavity magnetron tube drastically reduced the size of radar sets so that they could be installed in anti-submarine aircraft and escort ships.In the post-war era the magnetron became less widely used in the radar role. This was because the magnetron's output changes from pulse to pulse, both in frequency and phase. This makes the signal unsuitable for pulse-to-pulse comparisons, which is widely used for detecting and removing ""clutter"" from the radar display. The magnetron remains in use in some radars, but has become much more common as a low-cost microwave source for microwave ovens. In this form, approximately one billion magnetrons are in use today.