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幻灯片 1 - TUST
幻灯片 1 - TUST

... After a suitable cloning vector has been constructed, rDNA enters the host cell by transformation or lectroporation, and a population of recombinant microorganisms develops. Most often the host is an E. coli recA- strain. Bacillus subtilis and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae also may serve as hos ...
Molecular Biology Fourth Edition
Molecular Biology Fourth Edition

... sugar-phosphate backbones on the outside and base pairs on the inside • The bases pair in a specific way: – Adenine (A) with thymine (T) – Guanine (G) with cytosine (C) ...
Poster
Poster

... Sequencing technology to sequence the DNA of a mother and daughter diagnosed with a rapidly progressing cervical cancer. Identifying the genetic underpinnings could explain how their cancer developed and progresses, and help develop a specific treatment. One candidate gene, O-6-methylguanine-DNA-met ...
Phenotypic Effects of Mutations
Phenotypic Effects of Mutations

... rate of mutation above the spontaneous rate is called a mutagen. • Base analogs: chemicals with structures similar to that of any of the four standard bases of DNA. - DNA polymerase cannot distinguish these analogs from the standard bases; so, if base analogs are present during replication, they may ...
C - bYTEBoss
C - bYTEBoss

... person can be made from these sources! • Police and forensic scientists use this information in criminal investigations! • This is known as DNA fingerprinting. No two people except identical twins have the same DNA ...
PowerPoint Presentation Materials to accompany
PowerPoint Presentation Materials to accompany

... Note: In this case, the b-globin gene was inserted into the plasmid It is also possible for any other DNA fragment to be inserted into the plasmid And it is possible for the plasmid to circularize without an insert This is called a recircularized vector ...
CSI: SNAB - NKS | VLE - our Online Classroom
CSI: SNAB - NKS | VLE - our Online Classroom

... In Scotland, the law is different and most people are removed from the database if they are acquitted. In Sweden, only criminals who have spent more than two years in prison are recorded. In Norway and Germany, court orders are required, and are only available, respectively, for serious offenders an ...
BirchMachinOct13 - Newcastle University
BirchMachinOct13 - Newcastle University

... skinphysical® is a consumer test that measures the amount of DNA damage that has occurred as a result of exposure to the sun’s harmful UV rays. Gene•Screen™  Gene•ScreenTM is a genotyping assay developed by GGI to identify variants (or a spelling change in the 4-letter genetic code) in the gene res ...
Chapter 17 – Molecular genetics
Chapter 17 – Molecular genetics

... •The two original strands of DNA are shown in yellow (light); newly synthesized DNA is blue (dark) • Conservative replication would leave intact the original DNA molecule and generate a completely new molecule. • Dispersive replication would produce two DNA molecules with sections of both old and ne ...
PowerPoint - Oregon State University
PowerPoint - Oregon State University

... enzyme that provides a pathway for both dNTP synthesis and DNA replication. Studies have shown that absence of NDP kinase does not ...
DNA
DNA

DNA Replication Reading - Lesley Anderson`s Digital Portfolio
DNA Replication Reading - Lesley Anderson`s Digital Portfolio

... activation energy and increase the rate of chemical reactions. DNA polymerase catalyzes the reaction that bonds two nucleotides together. ...
Chapter 17 – Molecular genetics
Chapter 17 – Molecular genetics

... •The two original strands of DNA are shown in yellow (light); newly synthesized DNA is blue (dark) • Conservative replication would leave intact the original DNA molecule and generate a completely new molecule. • Dispersive replication would produce two DNA molecules with sections of both old and ne ...
The genetic material must show variation. Which of the following is
The genetic material must show variation. Which of the following is

... 6. Bacterial enzymes that break phosphodiester bonds in DNA at specific base sequences. (Two words.) 7. The random collection of a sufficiently large sample of cloned fragments of the DNA of an organism to ensure that all of that organism's DNA is represented in the collection. (Two words.) 8. An e ...
LET*S DO IT THE HARD WAY
LET*S DO IT THE HARD WAY

Bacterial Transformation with Recombinant DNA
Bacterial Transformation with Recombinant DNA

... DNA can be readily isolated. There are different types of cloning vectors such as plasmids, phage, and cosmids. In this lab we will use plasmid vectors. Plasmids Plasmids are small circular DNA molecules found in bacteria. They replicate independently of the bacterial chromosome and depending on the ...
recBCD
recBCD

... Biological Roles for Recombination 1. Deleterious mutations would accumulate in each chromosome. Recombination generates genetic diversity 多样性 2. Generating new gene/allele combinations (crossing over during meiosis) 3. Integration of a specific DNA element 4. Role in DNA damage and repair 5. Gene ...
Molecular Biology Fourth Edition
Molecular Biology Fourth Edition

DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis
DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis

... replication continues until all of the DNA has been replicated. – If only 1 was formed it would take too long to replicate DNA (53 days for humans!!) ...
DNA Structure
DNA Structure

... • The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases, which are paired in the interior of the double helix • Hydrogen bonds can form only between certain base pairs-adenine and thymine, and guanine and cytosine. • Base pairing principle that bonds DNA can form only bet ...
Quantification of nucleic acids
Quantification of nucleic acids

... [4], but the binding efficiency is decreased in the presence of nucleoproteins, and it has a somewhat lower sensitivity than the DABA.2HCl-method. 3) Reaction with bisbenzimide H 33258 (Hoechst 33258). This is a very sensitive and specific reagent for fluorometric determination of DNA as it binds spec ...
Asbury Park School District
Asbury Park School District

... DNA.  Explain how the chemical and structural properties of DNA allow for genetic information to be both encoded in genes and replicated.  Model transcription and translation and then construct a model protein.  Explain how mutations can increase genetic diversity. Next Generation Science Standar ...
Gel Electrophoresis
Gel Electrophoresis

... particularly dense areas. Your short friends, however, will easily elude low hanging vines or branches and will be able to get through the areas with the dense vegetation that your taller friends struggled with. Your smaller friends (smaller molecules) will be able to travel farther and faster than ...
ppt
ppt

... Recombinant DNA Technology combines DNA from different sources – usually different species Utility: this is done to study DNA sequences to mass-produce proteins to give recipient species new characteristics as a therapy/curative for genetic disorders (‘gene therapy’) ...
Ch. 9: Presentation Slides
Ch. 9: Presentation Slides

... • Typically, a genomic sequence contains many gaps that prevent the contigs from being assembled. • BAC clones are important because the sequences at the extreme ends of the cloned fragments give long-range information that allows adjacent contigs to be recognized and assembled in the correct orient ...
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DNA repair



DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome. In human cells, both normal metabolic activities and environmental factors such as UV light and radiation can cause DNA damage, resulting in as many as 1 million individual molecular lesions per cell per day. Many of these lesions cause structural damage to the DNA molecule and can alter or eliminate the cell's ability to transcribe the gene that the affected DNA encodes. Other lesions induce potentially harmful mutations in the cell's genome, which affect the survival of its daughter cells after it undergoes mitosis. As a consequence, the DNA repair process is constantly active as it responds to damage in the DNA structure. When normal repair processes fail, and when cellular apoptosis does not occur, irreparable DNA damage may occur, including double-strand breaks and DNA crosslinkages (interstrand crosslinks or ICLs).The rate of DNA repair is dependent on many factors, including the cell type, the age of the cell, and the extracellular environment. A cell that has accumulated a large amount of DNA damage, or one that no longer effectively repairs damage incurred to its DNA, can enter one of three possible states: an irreversible state of dormancy, known as senescence cell suicide, also known as apoptosis or programmed cell death unregulated cell division, which can lead to the formation of a tumor that is cancerousThe DNA repair ability of a cell is vital to the integrity of its genome and thus to the normal functionality of that organism. Many genes that were initially shown to influence life span have turned out to be involved in DNA damage repair and protection.
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