15.1.1 Chemical Nature of Chromosomes and Genes
... There are four types of bases and each nucleotide is named after the base that it carries—adenine, thymine, guanine or cytosine. These are often simply referred to by their first letters—A, T, G and C. The bases are arranged in a sequence along each strand of DNA— e.g. GGTCAGGCTTGAACGA—and so each D ...
... There are four types of bases and each nucleotide is named after the base that it carries—adenine, thymine, guanine or cytosine. These are often simply referred to by their first letters—A, T, G and C. The bases are arranged in a sequence along each strand of DNA— e.g. GGTCAGGCTTGAACGA—and so each D ...
CONCEPT 5 – MOLECULAR GENETICS 1. DNA Structure a
... (7) C – G- triple H bond c. Location (1) In eukaryotes DNA is found in nucleus on multiple linear chromosomes (a chromosome IS a strand of DNA with proteins etc. associated). (2) In prokaryotes DNA is not in a nucleus and is usually a single circular chromosome (3) Prokaryotes, viruses, and eukaryot ...
... (7) C – G- triple H bond c. Location (1) In eukaryotes DNA is found in nucleus on multiple linear chromosomes (a chromosome IS a strand of DNA with proteins etc. associated). (2) In prokaryotes DNA is not in a nucleus and is usually a single circular chromosome (3) Prokaryotes, viruses, and eukaryot ...
structure and function of dna ssg
... 2) From chapter 10 pages 200-202 titled "DNA Replication" be able to; A) Give the term that describes DNA making a duplicate of itself. B) Describe how the DNA molecule replicates itself. C) Explain why the correct bases always find their way into position so that the two new molecules are exactly l ...
... 2) From chapter 10 pages 200-202 titled "DNA Replication" be able to; A) Give the term that describes DNA making a duplicate of itself. B) Describe how the DNA molecule replicates itself. C) Explain why the correct bases always find their way into position so that the two new molecules are exactly l ...
DNA Replication Paper Clip Activity
... STEP THREE: Set the two chains side-by-side as shown in the drawing above so that A bonds with T, and C bonds with G. You now have a model of the hGH gene (the first ten bases only.) Compare the two chains with each other side-by-side to verify that C bonds with G, and A bonds with T. When this gene ...
... STEP THREE: Set the two chains side-by-side as shown in the drawing above so that A bonds with T, and C bonds with G. You now have a model of the hGH gene (the first ten bases only.) Compare the two chains with each other side-by-side to verify that C bonds with G, and A bonds with T. When this gene ...
DNA Replication Paper Clip Activity
... STEP THREE: Set the two chains side-by-side as shown in the drawing above so that A bonds with T, and C bonds with G. You now have a model of the hGH gene (the first ten bases only.) Compare the two chains with each other side-by-side to verify that C bonds with G, and A bonds with T. When this gene ...
... STEP THREE: Set the two chains side-by-side as shown in the drawing above so that A bonds with T, and C bonds with G. You now have a model of the hGH gene (the first ten bases only.) Compare the two chains with each other side-by-side to verify that C bonds with G, and A bonds with T. When this gene ...
AN INTRODUCTION TO RECOMBINATION AND LINKAGE ANALYSIS
... Linkage and Recombination • Bateson’s report and Morgan’s Explanation – Two characters did not segregate independently, nor were they completely linked. – Morgan: Crossover. ...
... Linkage and Recombination • Bateson’s report and Morgan’s Explanation – Two characters did not segregate independently, nor were they completely linked. – Morgan: Crossover. ...
Class 2
... Facilitates creation of gapped duplex Non essential gene and α-complementation already present Large dsDNA region contains adenine methylation which should help limit the mismatch repair of the mutations arising during in vitro synthesis Easy to score large numbers of plaques Single stranded phage a ...
... Facilitates creation of gapped duplex Non essential gene and α-complementation already present Large dsDNA region contains adenine methylation which should help limit the mismatch repair of the mutations arising during in vitro synthesis Easy to score large numbers of plaques Single stranded phage a ...
pdf slides
... Linkage and Recombination • Bateson’s report and Morgan’s Explanation – Two characters did not segregate independently, nor were they completely linked. – Morgan: Crossover. ...
... Linkage and Recombination • Bateson’s report and Morgan’s Explanation – Two characters did not segregate independently, nor were they completely linked. – Morgan: Crossover. ...
Molecular Genetics
... bond together in only one way, the two strands are always complementary. If you know the order of the bases on one strand, then you know the order on the other strand. Mrs. Degl ...
... bond together in only one way, the two strands are always complementary. If you know the order of the bases on one strand, then you know the order on the other strand. Mrs. Degl ...
File - Mr. Polls Science
... protein which in turn codes for a trait. Hence you hear it commonly referred to as the gene for baldness or the gene for blue eyes. Meanwhile, DNA is the chemical that genes and chromosomes are made of. DNA is called a nucleic acid because it was first found in the nucleus. We now know that DNA is a ...
... protein which in turn codes for a trait. Hence you hear it commonly referred to as the gene for baldness or the gene for blue eyes. Meanwhile, DNA is the chemical that genes and chromosomes are made of. DNA is called a nucleic acid because it was first found in the nucleus. We now know that DNA is a ...
Biology: Unit F212: Molecules, Biodiversity, Food and Health
... proteins – the sequence of bases along the DNA molecule code for a sequence of amino acids in the primary structure of a polypeptide o DNA must also make exact copies of itself; the original DNA created at fertilisation will be copied millions of times as a human grows. It is vital that DNA copies i ...
... proteins – the sequence of bases along the DNA molecule code for a sequence of amino acids in the primary structure of a polypeptide o DNA must also make exact copies of itself; the original DNA created at fertilisation will be copied millions of times as a human grows. It is vital that DNA copies i ...
DNA - The Double Helix
... Recall that the nucleus is a small spherical, dense body in a cell. It is often called the "control center" because it controls all the activities of the cell including cell reproduction, and heredity. Chromosomes are microscopic, threadlike strands composed of the chemical DNA (short for deoxyribon ...
... Recall that the nucleus is a small spherical, dense body in a cell. It is often called the "control center" because it controls all the activities of the cell including cell reproduction, and heredity. Chromosomes are microscopic, threadlike strands composed of the chemical DNA (short for deoxyribon ...
CH16-DNATheGeneticMaterial
... • In April 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick shook the scientific world with an elegant doublehelical model for the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA. • Your genetic endowment is the DNA you inherited from your parents. • Nucleic acids are unique in their ability to direct their own repli ...
... • In April 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick shook the scientific world with an elegant doublehelical model for the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA. • Your genetic endowment is the DNA you inherited from your parents. • Nucleic acids are unique in their ability to direct their own repli ...
DNA, RNA, Proteins Review
... D. DNA and proteins DNA replication results in two DNA molecules, ___________________________________________ A. each with two new strands B. one with two new strands and one with 2 original strands C. each with two original strands D. each with one new strand and one original strand Which type(s) o ...
... D. DNA and proteins DNA replication results in two DNA molecules, ___________________________________________ A. each with two new strands B. one with two new strands and one with 2 original strands C. each with two original strands D. each with one new strand and one original strand Which type(s) o ...
Transcription
... making RNA, then unwinds/splits DNA into 2 separate strands. 2. One strand – of DNA acts as a template for making mRNA. 3. RNA Polymerase – moves along the DNA and pairs each base with a complementary RNA nucleotide 4. Continues – until enzyme reaches a terminator (stop signal). 5. RNA Polymerase – ...
... making RNA, then unwinds/splits DNA into 2 separate strands. 2. One strand – of DNA acts as a template for making mRNA. 3. RNA Polymerase – moves along the DNA and pairs each base with a complementary RNA nucleotide 4. Continues – until enzyme reaches a terminator (stop signal). 5. RNA Polymerase – ...
BioSc 231 2001 Exam1
... B. It must replicate accurately so that the information it contains is precisely inherited by the daughter cells C. It must be capable of undergoing occasional mutations, such that the information it carries is altered in a heritable way D. It must have highly repetitive DNA sequences. E. All are es ...
... B. It must replicate accurately so that the information it contains is precisely inherited by the daughter cells C. It must be capable of undergoing occasional mutations, such that the information it carries is altered in a heritable way D. It must have highly repetitive DNA sequences. E. All are es ...
Comments on DNA Analysis
... who by chance would have the DNA profile which is common to the known person and the evidence – That number is approximately 1 in X (often a very large number) – Numbers are typically presented for several racial/ethnic groups ...
... who by chance would have the DNA profile which is common to the known person and the evidence – That number is approximately 1 in X (often a very large number) – Numbers are typically presented for several racial/ethnic groups ...
DNA Repair and Recombination
... strands and then ligating the cut ends so that the two DNA molecules can separate from each other. • The recombination of genetic markers outside the recombination site only occurs if one cut is horizontal and the other is vertical (as shown in the previous slide). • If both cuts are horizontal, or ...
... strands and then ligating the cut ends so that the two DNA molecules can separate from each other. • The recombination of genetic markers outside the recombination site only occurs if one cut is horizontal and the other is vertical (as shown in the previous slide). • If both cuts are horizontal, or ...
CHAPTER 5
... of the process. No one had ever seen recombination. There was only Mendel’s model, in which recombination takes place in a “black box,” inferred indirectly by looking at the results. The first step in understanding the mechanisms of any process is to describe the physical events that occur. Understa ...
... of the process. No one had ever seen recombination. There was only Mendel’s model, in which recombination takes place in a “black box,” inferred indirectly by looking at the results. The first step in understanding the mechanisms of any process is to describe the physical events that occur. Understa ...
The Wonderful World of DNA
... There are 4 nitrogen bases: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine They pair up on opposite sides of the DNA ...
... There are 4 nitrogen bases: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine They pair up on opposite sides of the DNA ...
DNA - jacybiology
... lesions induce potentially harmful mutations in the cell's genome, which affect the survival of its daughter cells after it undergoes mitosis. Consequently, the DNA repair process is constantly active as it responds to damage in the DNA structure. When normal repair processes fail, and when cellular ...
... lesions induce potentially harmful mutations in the cell's genome, which affect the survival of its daughter cells after it undergoes mitosis. Consequently, the DNA repair process is constantly active as it responds to damage in the DNA structure. When normal repair processes fail, and when cellular ...
Unit 4
... 8. List some characteristics that viruses share with living organisms, and explain why viruses do not fit our usual definition of life. Viruses share characteristics such as DNA, RNA and replication with living organisms, except they do not fit our usual definition of life because viruses need a liv ...
... 8. List some characteristics that viruses share with living organisms, and explain why viruses do not fit our usual definition of life. Viruses share characteristics such as DNA, RNA and replication with living organisms, except they do not fit our usual definition of life because viruses need a liv ...
DNA - The Double Helix
... Every cell in your body has the same "blueprint" or the same DNA. Like the blueprints of a house tell the builders how to construct a house, the DNA "blueprint" tells the cell how to build the organism. Yet, how can a heart be so different from a brain if all the cells contain the same instructions? ...
... Every cell in your body has the same "blueprint" or the same DNA. Like the blueprints of a house tell the builders how to construct a house, the DNA "blueprint" tells the cell how to build the organism. Yet, how can a heart be so different from a brain if all the cells contain the same instructions? ...
The Chemistry of Inheritance
... The double helix must unwind to expose the two template strands. This is usually accomplished by the action of another enzyme, helicase. Once the helix is unwound it must be “stabilized” in this open state. This is accomplished by single-stranded binding protein. Before DNA polymerase can extend a s ...
... The double helix must unwind to expose the two template strands. This is usually accomplished by the action of another enzyme, helicase. Once the helix is unwound it must be “stabilized” in this open state. This is accomplished by single-stranded binding protein. Before DNA polymerase can extend a s ...
Homologous recombination
Homologous recombination is a type of genetic recombination in which nucleotide sequences are exchanged between two similar or identical molecules of DNA. It is most widely used by cells to accurately repair harmful breaks that occur on both strands of DNA, known as double-strand breaks. Homologous recombination also produces new combinations of DNA sequences during meiosis, the process by which eukaryotes make gamete cells, like sperm and egg cells in animals. These new combinations of DNA represent genetic variation in offspring, which in turn enables populations to adapt during the course of evolution. Homologous recombination is also used in horizontal gene transfer to exchange genetic material between different strains and species of bacteria and viruses.Although homologous recombination varies widely among different organisms and cell types, most forms involve the same basic steps. After a double-strand break occurs, sections of DNA around the 5' ends of the break are cut away in a process called resection. In the strand invasion step that follows, an overhanging 3' end of the broken DNA molecule then ""invades"" a similar or identical DNA molecule that is not broken. After strand invasion, the further sequence of events may follow either of two main pathways discussed below (see Models); the DSBR (double-strand break repair) pathway or the SDSA (synthesis-dependent strand annealing) pathway. Homologous recombination that occurs during DNA repair tends to result in non-crossover products, in effect restoring the damaged DNA molecule as it existed before the double-strand break.Homologous recombination is conserved across all three domains of life as well as viruses, suggesting that it is a nearly universal biological mechanism. The discovery of genes for homologous recombination in protists—a diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms—has been interpreted as evidence that meiosis emerged early in the evolution of eukaryotes. Since their dysfunction has been strongly associated with increased susceptibility to several types of cancer, the proteins that facilitate homologous recombination are topics of active research. Homologous recombination is also used in gene targeting, a technique for introducing genetic changes into target organisms. For their development of this technique, Mario Capecchi, Martin Evans and Oliver Smithies were awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.