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DNA REPLICATION Replication: The process of copying DNA prior
... DNA at a rate of 1000 nucleotides per second. Scaling this up, the speed of polymerase would be equivalent to 375 miles per hour. Polymerase in humans works at a much slower rate—around 50 nucleotides per second. Because eukaryote DNA has multiple replication sites (bubbles), copying the entire geno ...
... DNA at a rate of 1000 nucleotides per second. Scaling this up, the speed of polymerase would be equivalent to 375 miles per hour. Polymerase in humans works at a much slower rate—around 50 nucleotides per second. Because eukaryote DNA has multiple replication sites (bubbles), copying the entire geno ...
Quiz Key
... 25. The region of a tRNA that matches a triplet on the mRNA strand is called an anticodon. TRUE / FALSE 26. In the cells of a female, one of the X-chromosomes condenses and the genes on it are not expressed. TRUE / FALSE 27. The A, P, and E sites used during translation are found in the small riboso ...
... 25. The region of a tRNA that matches a triplet on the mRNA strand is called an anticodon. TRUE / FALSE 26. In the cells of a female, one of the X-chromosomes condenses and the genes on it are not expressed. TRUE / FALSE 27. The A, P, and E sites used during translation are found in the small riboso ...
Section 1: The Structure of DNA
... The smallest eukaryotic chromosomes are often 10 times the size of a prokaryotic chromosome. Eukaryotic chromosomes are so long that it would take 33 days to replicate a typical human chromosome if there were only one origin of replication. ...
... The smallest eukaryotic chromosomes are often 10 times the size of a prokaryotic chromosome. Eukaryotic chromosomes are so long that it would take 33 days to replicate a typical human chromosome if there were only one origin of replication. ...
DNA, RNA and Protein Structure Prediction
... cytosine pair (GC) by forming a triple hydrogen bond, and adenine and uracil pair (AU) by a double hydrogen bond; additionally, guanine and uracil can form a single hydrogen bond base pair. The stability of a particular secondary structure is a function of several constraints: 1. The number of GC ve ...
... cytosine pair (GC) by forming a triple hydrogen bond, and adenine and uracil pair (AU) by a double hydrogen bond; additionally, guanine and uracil can form a single hydrogen bond base pair. The stability of a particular secondary structure is a function of several constraints: 1. The number of GC ve ...
QS1 practice-
... • In general terms, what do you think the repercussions of having this mutation could be for the cell? First, the normal leucyl-tRNA is still there in the cell, so there will be competition for CUU codons between the normal leu-tRNA and the mutant phe-tRNA, so depending on their relative abundances ...
... • In general terms, what do you think the repercussions of having this mutation could be for the cell? First, the normal leucyl-tRNA is still there in the cell, so there will be competition for CUU codons between the normal leu-tRNA and the mutant phe-tRNA, so depending on their relative abundances ...
BIOMOLECULES POGIL (Ch. 2-3, pgs. 44
... Other than water, most molecules of a cell are carbon-based. The “biomolecules” are composed of a backbone or carbon atoms bonded to one another. Atoms of other elements such as hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and Sulfur (S) may branch off of this carbon backbone. This basic s ...
... Other than water, most molecules of a cell are carbon-based. The “biomolecules” are composed of a backbone or carbon atoms bonded to one another. Atoms of other elements such as hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and Sulfur (S) may branch off of this carbon backbone. This basic s ...
a simple method for isolation of dna from plants suitable
... (AFLP), etc. Some of the advantages PCR based markers have over RFLP are that they are faster, easier, need less amount of DNA per assay and high purity of DNA is not an absolute requirement as compared to RFLP. The quality and quantity of DNA required depends upon the objective. In marker assisted ...
... (AFLP), etc. Some of the advantages PCR based markers have over RFLP are that they are faster, easier, need less amount of DNA per assay and high purity of DNA is not an absolute requirement as compared to RFLP. The quality and quantity of DNA required depends upon the objective. In marker assisted ...
Molecular Basis
... The order of bases on one strand can be used to add complementary bases and therefore duplicate the pairs of bases exactly. ...
... The order of bases on one strand can be used to add complementary bases and therefore duplicate the pairs of bases exactly. ...
슬라이드 1 - Extraordinary Everyday!
... - To apply for many environmental DNA(eDNA) based samples, further tests will be necessary to determine whether our results are generalizable to other species. - Samples could be screened for broader taxonomic groups. - Only a few amplification cycles may be needed for detection (if PCR is required) ...
... - To apply for many environmental DNA(eDNA) based samples, further tests will be necessary to determine whether our results are generalizable to other species. - Samples could be screened for broader taxonomic groups. - Only a few amplification cycles may be needed for detection (if PCR is required) ...
chapter12a
... code? Why or why not? How do the proteins made affect the type and function of cells? Cells do not make all of the proteins for which they have genes (DNA). The structure and function of each cell are determined by the types of proteins present. 2. Consider what you now know about genes and protein ...
... code? Why or why not? How do the proteins made affect the type and function of cells? Cells do not make all of the proteins for which they have genes (DNA). The structure and function of each cell are determined by the types of proteins present. 2. Consider what you now know about genes and protein ...
DNA
... Relating ways chance, mutagens, and genetic engineering increase diversity/insertion, deletion, translocation, inversion, recombinant DNA Relating genetic disorders and disease to patterns of genetic inheritance- ex – hemophilia, sickle cell anemia, down’s syndrome, Tay-Sachs disease, cystic fibrosi ...
... Relating ways chance, mutagens, and genetic engineering increase diversity/insertion, deletion, translocation, inversion, recombinant DNA Relating genetic disorders and disease to patterns of genetic inheritance- ex – hemophilia, sickle cell anemia, down’s syndrome, Tay-Sachs disease, cystic fibrosi ...
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
... • They proved that DNA is semiconservative by attaching radioactive material to DNA. As the cell divided, they observed the new DNA in each cell and saw that it contained half of the old. • Semiconservative: contains half of the old strand when DNA is replicated. ...
... • They proved that DNA is semiconservative by attaching radioactive material to DNA. As the cell divided, they observed the new DNA in each cell and saw that it contained half of the old. • Semiconservative: contains half of the old strand when DNA is replicated. ...
lecture notes
... -add methyl or other alkyl group to base in DNA and alter pairing Fig - spectrum - essentially all G:C—>A:T (A:T–>G:C also increased) Fig - showing change in base pairing Fig of G:C—>A:T change B. - - base analogues 5-bromouracil- same basepairing at T, but tautomerizes more frequently to C-like Ask ...
... -add methyl or other alkyl group to base in DNA and alter pairing Fig - spectrum - essentially all G:C—>A:T (A:T–>G:C also increased) Fig - showing change in base pairing Fig of G:C—>A:T change B. - - base analogues 5-bromouracil- same basepairing at T, but tautomerizes more frequently to C-like Ask ...
DNA as the Genetic Material
... • In addition, Watson and Crick determined that chemical side groups off the nitrogen bases would form hydrogen bonds, connecting the two strands. • Based on details of their structure, adenine would form two hydrogen bonds only with thymine and guanine would form three hydrogen bonds only with cyt ...
... • In addition, Watson and Crick determined that chemical side groups off the nitrogen bases would form hydrogen bonds, connecting the two strands. • Based on details of their structure, adenine would form two hydrogen bonds only with thymine and guanine would form three hydrogen bonds only with cyt ...
Local DNA stretching mimics the distortion caused by - ENS-phys
... JUMNA also allows helical symmetry to be imposed by simply grouping together helically equivalent variables. In this case, it is possible to further reduce the cost of energy calculations and to avoid end-effects by optimizing the energy of one symmetry repeating unit within a regular polymeric envi ...
... JUMNA also allows helical symmetry to be imposed by simply grouping together helically equivalent variables. In this case, it is possible to further reduce the cost of energy calculations and to avoid end-effects by optimizing the energy of one symmetry repeating unit within a regular polymeric envi ...
DNA-RNA ppt
... Each strand of the double helix has all the information needed to construct the other half by the mechanism of base pairing. Because each strand can be used to make the other strand, the strands complimentary are said to be _____________. The strands will be separated and the rules of base pairing w ...
... Each strand of the double helix has all the information needed to construct the other half by the mechanism of base pairing. Because each strand can be used to make the other strand, the strands complimentary are said to be _____________. The strands will be separated and the rules of base pairing w ...
DNA
... Each strand of the double helix has all the information needed to construct the other half by the mechanism of base pairing. Because each strand can be used to make the other strand, the strands complimentary are said to be _____________. The strands will be separated and the rules of base pairing w ...
... Each strand of the double helix has all the information needed to construct the other half by the mechanism of base pairing. Because each strand can be used to make the other strand, the strands complimentary are said to be _____________. The strands will be separated and the rules of base pairing w ...
What is Transcription?
... facilitates decoding by inducing the binding of tRNAs with complementary anticodon sequences to that of the mRNA. The tRNAs carry specific amino acids that are chained together into a polypeptide as the mRNA passes through and is "read" by the ribosome. ...
... facilitates decoding by inducing the binding of tRNAs with complementary anticodon sequences to that of the mRNA. The tRNAs carry specific amino acids that are chained together into a polypeptide as the mRNA passes through and is "read" by the ribosome. ...
Solving the structure of DNA
... developed the exposed regions show up as black spots. The quantity of matter in a given space based on the ration of mass to volume. This can be measured by centrifuging a molecule and measuring its rate of sedimentation. One of several different forms of an atom with the same atomic number but diff ...
... developed the exposed regions show up as black spots. The quantity of matter in a given space based on the ration of mass to volume. This can be measured by centrifuging a molecule and measuring its rate of sedimentation. One of several different forms of an atom with the same atomic number but diff ...
Higher Human Biology unit 1 section 2 DNA
... DNA structure • The basic units of DNA are called nucleotides. They contain deoxyribose sugar, phosphate and a base. The sugar and phosphate join together to form the DNA’s backbone. • There are four possible bases which join in complementary base pairs: adenine (A) always joins with thymine (T) an ...
... DNA structure • The basic units of DNA are called nucleotides. They contain deoxyribose sugar, phosphate and a base. The sugar and phosphate join together to form the DNA’s backbone. • There are four possible bases which join in complementary base pairs: adenine (A) always joins with thymine (T) an ...
DNA Structure and Function
... B As replication starts, the two strands of DNA are unwound. In cells, the unwinding occurs simultaneously at many sites along the length of each double helix. C Each of the two parent strands serves as a template for assembly of a new DNA strand from free nucleotides, according to base-pairing rule ...
... B As replication starts, the two strands of DNA are unwound. In cells, the unwinding occurs simultaneously at many sites along the length of each double helix. C Each of the two parent strands serves as a template for assembly of a new DNA strand from free nucleotides, according to base-pairing rule ...
Gregor Mendel—Overview - National Science Teachers Association
... gymnasium, and a philosophical institute. Johann continually struggled between the need to help his family on the farm and the desire to obtain an education. He persevered in obtaining an education. In 1843, he was accepted into a monastery, the Augustinian order, which would provide for his financi ...
... gymnasium, and a philosophical institute. Johann continually struggled between the need to help his family on the farm and the desire to obtain an education. He persevered in obtaining an education. In 1843, he was accepted into a monastery, the Augustinian order, which would provide for his financi ...
PDF
... nucleotides. These triplets are known as codons. With three exceptions, each codon encodes for one of the 20 amino acids used in the synthesis of proteins. That produces some redundancy in the code: most of the amino acids being encoded by more than one codon[12]. The genetic code can be expressed a ...
... nucleotides. These triplets are known as codons. With three exceptions, each codon encodes for one of the 20 amino acids used in the synthesis of proteins. That produces some redundancy in the code: most of the amino acids being encoded by more than one codon[12]. The genetic code can be expressed a ...
Biology-1020-Assignment-3
... When a plasmid is built and introduced to a group of bacteria, not all of the bacteria will take up the plasmid. However, the scientists will want to isolate only the plasmid-carrying bacteria for the next steps of their work. Looking at the bacteria individually and sorting them is complicated, dif ...
... When a plasmid is built and introduced to a group of bacteria, not all of the bacteria will take up the plasmid. However, the scientists will want to isolate only the plasmid-carrying bacteria for the next steps of their work. Looking at the bacteria individually and sorting them is complicated, dif ...
FIB- RNA and Transcription
... TRANSCRIPTION (RNA Synthesis) Segments of DNA ____________________________ to produce complementary RNA molecules 1. ___________________________ binds to DNA at the promoter site Promotor: Region of DNA that ______________________________________. 2. RNA polymerase _________________________________ ...
... TRANSCRIPTION (RNA Synthesis) Segments of DNA ____________________________ to produce complementary RNA molecules 1. ___________________________ binds to DNA at the promoter site Promotor: Region of DNA that ______________________________________. 2. RNA polymerase _________________________________ ...
DNA nanotechnology
![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/DNA_tetrahedron_white.png?width=300)
DNA nanotechnology is the design and manufacture of artificial nucleic acid structures for technological uses. In this field, nucleic acids are used as non-biological engineering materials for nanotechnology rather than as the carriers of genetic information in living cells. Researchers in the field have created static structures such as two- and three-dimensional crystal lattices, nanotubes, polyhedra, and arbitrary shapes, as well as functional devices such as molecular machines and DNA computers. The field is beginning to be used as a tool to solve basic science problems in structural biology and biophysics, including applications in crystallography and spectroscopy for protein structure determination. Potential applications in molecular scale electronics and nanomedicine are also being investigated.The conceptual foundation for DNA nanotechnology was first laid out by Nadrian Seeman in the early 1980s, and the field began to attract widespread interest in the mid-2000s. This use of nucleic acids is enabled by their strict base pairing rules, which cause only portions of strands with complementary base sequences to bind together to form strong, rigid double helix structures. This allows for the rational design of base sequences that will selectively assemble to form complex target structures with precisely controlled nanoscale features. A number of assembly methods are used to make these structures, including tile-based structures that assemble from smaller structures, folding structures using the DNA origami method, and dynamically reconfigurable structures using strand displacement techniques. While the field's name specifically references DNA, the same principles have been used with other types of nucleic acids as well, leading to the occasional use of the alternative name nucleic acid nanotechnology.