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December 2016
December 2016

... One of the problems with these drugs is that the body quickly builds a tolerance to them, meaning that more of the drug must be taken to get the same effect, even after just a few weeks. This buildup of tolerance can occur again and again, until one’s dosage gets very high. According to the National ...
Bronchitis and Pneumonia Drugs
Bronchitis and Pneumonia Drugs

... heart failure, asthma, bronchitis, or other chronic lung diseases. It should be used with caution in animals with severe heart disease, abnormal heart rhythms, kidney or liver impairment, or high blood pressure. Theophylline has been shown to cause stomach irritation and nervous system stimulation. ...
投影片 1
投影片 1

... More effective for pain and anxiety symptoms than SSRIs. Side effects: insomnia, sexual dysfunction, nausea/vomiting. ...
Historical Perspectives
Historical Perspectives

... • Before 1950, sedatives and amphetamines were the only significant psychotropic drugs available. • Since the 1950s, psychopharmacology has expanded to include antipsychotic, antidepressant, and antianxiety drugs. • Psychotropic drugs are intended to be used as an adjunct to individual or group psyc ...
Facts about drugs booklet - Mental Health Commission
Facts about drugs booklet - Mental Health Commission

... exception of food and water) which, when taken into the body, alters the body’s function either physically and/ or psychologically. Drugs may be legal (e.g. alcohol, caffeine and tobacco) or illegal (e.g. cannabis, ecstasy, cocaine and heroin). ...
Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs
Sedative-Hypnotic Drugs

... • Cross-dependence, defined as the ability of one drug to suppress abstinence symptoms from discontinuance of another drug, is quite marked among sedative-hypnotics • Longer-acting drugs such as chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, and phenobarbital can be used to alleviate withdrawal symptoms of shorter-act ...
Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics

...  Absorption is more rapid than with oral administration.  Rate of absorption depends on blood flow to particular tissue site (I.P. > I.M. > S.C.). Advantages specific to I.V. injection  No absorption involved (inject directly into blood).  Rate of infusion can be controlled.  A more accurate pr ...
Recreational Drugs
Recreational Drugs

...  Medically used for treatment of attention deficit hyperactive disorder, narcolepsy, and obesity.  Produces an intense extremely pleasurable sensation.  Can be followed by intense feelings of displeasure when it wears off.  Increases norepinephrine and dopamine activity and inhibits MAO in brain ...
drugs & alcohol - MDC Faculty Home Pages
drugs & alcohol - MDC Faculty Home Pages

... cramping, panic attacks, and, in more severe cases, loss of consciousness or seizures. One of the side effects of the drug is jaw muscle tension and teeth grinding. As a consequence, Ecstasy users will often suck on pacifiers to help relieve the tension. • Ecstasy may cause hyperthermia, muscle brea ...
Adderall dry mouth
Adderall dry mouth

... Find out if it is the right choice for you. Adderall XR is a powerful blend of four amphetamines that includes Dexedrine and Benzedrine. Adderall is a drug used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. It is a stimulant, but when used at the doses for ADHD, it has a. ...
Prescribing in the Elderly - Benton Franklin County Medical Society
Prescribing in the Elderly - Benton Franklin County Medical Society

... Constitute 13% of the population Consume 34% of all prescription medications Use 40% of all over-the-counter drugs Up to 50% of elderly take multiple medications Medicare population analysis in 1999 (n=1.2 million) – 82% had at least one chronic condition – 24% had at least four chronic conditions ...
Ecstasy (3, 4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine) (MDMA) (also
Ecstasy (3, 4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine) (MDMA) (also

... and cocaine use found the typical methamphetamine user used more than 20 days a month. Use was evenly spaced throughout the day, stopped at night to sleep, and although the amount of drug used per day was not different, methamphetamine users used fewer times per day than did cocaine users. Cocaine u ...
Pharmacology—Antipsychotic Drug Therapy
Pharmacology—Antipsychotic Drug Therapy

... the US population. Occurs earlier in males (early 20s) and for females it occurs in late 20s, early 30s. There is a strong genetic component. Early diagnosis and therapy may improve prognosis. Symptoms can be severely disabling and are classified as following 1) Positive – hallucinations, delusions, ...
Adverse effects of antimuscarinic drugs
Adverse effects of antimuscarinic drugs

... obtained. If no response occurs after 45 seconds, an additional 8 mg may be injected. - If the patient has MG an improvement in the strength of muscles last for 15 minutes ( this differentiate MG from cholinergic crisis due to excessive drug therapy in which there will be worsening of the condition) ...
4._Bipolar_disorder_def
4._Bipolar_disorder_def

... thoughts (particularly in shizophrenia and bipolar disorder) – At conditions of acute patologic agressivity and agitation ...
4._Bipolar_disorder_def
4._Bipolar_disorder_def

... thoughts (particularly in shizophrenia and bipolar disorder) – At conditions of acute patologic agressivity and agitation ...
biological treatments for schizophrenia gapfill
biological treatments for schizophrenia gapfill

... however, for most sufferers with milder symptoms and can actually have beneficial side Appropriateness effects for some people. Drugs are also d.................................. and suggest that the patient has no control over their recovery and this lack of control can lead to s................... ...
(lec 8) adverse d..
(lec 8) adverse d..

... Antagonists (up regulation) increase the number of receptors e.g. Propranolol Agonists (Down regulation) decrease the number of receptors. This may be dangerous t o discontinue certain drugs. therefore drugs are to be with drawn slowly ...
Table of Antidotes (Word Document, 41.1kB)
Table of Antidotes (Word Document, 41.1kB)

... Dopamine ...
File - Doctorswriting
File - Doctorswriting

... At normal tissue pH the larger function of local anaesthetic in the body fluids will be in the uncharged form. Bupivacaine may cause an apparent cyanosis in some patients. The duration of action of procaine will be increased in the presence of liver disease. Local anaesthetic agents block conduction ...
Chapter 9 Musculoskeletal Drugs Quiz Yourself 1. A balance
Chapter 9 Musculoskeletal Drugs Quiz Yourself 1. A balance

... Alendronate and risedronate tablets are taken orally every morning, 30 minutes before eating. Ibandronate is taken daily the 2.5-mg tablet), but its selling point is that it can also be taken just once a month (the 150-mg tablet). Zoledronic acid is now approved to treat osteoporosis in postmenopaus ...
SE120144 - Sigma
SE120144 - Sigma

... This product is for R&D use only, not for drug, household, or other uses. Please consult the Safety Data Sheet for information regarding hazards and safe handling practices. Preparation Instructions Sample Preparation 1. The Amphetamine Direct ELISA is to be used with human samples, such as whole bl ...
Topic 9. Clinical-pharmacological characteristics of anti
Topic 9. Clinical-pharmacological characteristics of anti

... World Health Organization (WHO), the rate of Allergy takes the 3rd place among other diseases. According to statistics, now in the world on one or another form of allergic diseases affecting 20-40% of population, that's mean at least every 5th inhabitants for the planet is allergy sufferer. Today >4 ...
Long Term Study of Ritalin
Long Term Study of Ritalin

... Hi buddysystems-ga, and thanks for your question. As you likely know, there are very few long term studies of the effects of methylphenidate. One of the longest followup studies was conducted by Charac, et al., from the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto. Their article nicely summarizes what is c ...
Pleiotropic Effects of Antimicrobial Agents
Pleiotropic Effects of Antimicrobial Agents

... help to achieve stable disease or CYP450 14aphotophobia, clinical response in patients with demthylase(catalysi thrombocytopenia, hormone refractory prostate s conversion of oligospermia, cancer (ketoconazole 1200 lanosterol to impotence; drug-drug mg/day) cholesterol) interactions BOS-Bronchiolitis ...
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Stimulant



Stimulants (also referred to as psychostimulants) are psychoactive drugs that induce temporary improvements in either mental or physical functions or both. Examples of these kinds of effects may include enhanced alertness, wakefulness, and locomotion, among others. Due to their rendering a characteristic ""up"" feeling, stimulants are also occasionally referred to as ""uppers"". Depressants or ""downers"", which decrease mental and/or physical function, are in stark contrast to stimulants and are considered to be their functional opposites. Stimulants are widely used throughout the world as prescription medicines and without prescription both as legal substances and illicit substances of recreational use or abuse.
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