The Benzo Trap
... slamming heart, intense sweats, and hyperventilation—even the fear of imminent death as the sympathetic (arousing) nervous system overwhelms the parasympathetic (calming) response and floods the body with adrenaline and related noradrenaline hormones. For this type of acute psychological distress, s ...
... slamming heart, intense sweats, and hyperventilation—even the fear of imminent death as the sympathetic (arousing) nervous system overwhelms the parasympathetic (calming) response and floods the body with adrenaline and related noradrenaline hormones. For this type of acute psychological distress, s ...
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
... Adderall Concerta 70-80 % of children with ADHD respond well to stimulant drugs Stimulant drugs represent an empirically supported treatment for core symptoms of ADHD Stimulants are a trial and error method ...
... Adderall Concerta 70-80 % of children with ADHD respond well to stimulant drugs Stimulant drugs represent an empirically supported treatment for core symptoms of ADHD Stimulants are a trial and error method ...
Editorial Commentary
... cannot answer this question completely, because these were single-dose studies, and RAS activity was not assessed. Heart rate responses apparently did not change with each drug individually or with their being given in combination; however, this may have been a function of the doses selected in that ...
... cannot answer this question completely, because these were single-dose studies, and RAS activity was not assessed. Heart rate responses apparently did not change with each drug individually or with their being given in combination; however, this may have been a function of the doses selected in that ...
A Review: Stereochemical consideration and eudismic ratio in chiral
... In clinical trials, both racemic (R,S)citalopram (marketed as Celexa) and (S)citalopram (marketed as Lexapro) were significantly better than placebo for improving depression [17-20]. The early data suggest that (S)-citalopram has greater efficacy than (R,S)-citalopram at doses predicted to be equiva ...
... In clinical trials, both racemic (R,S)citalopram (marketed as Celexa) and (S)citalopram (marketed as Lexapro) were significantly better than placebo for improving depression [17-20]. The early data suggest that (S)-citalopram has greater efficacy than (R,S)-citalopram at doses predicted to be equiva ...
ANTI-ANXIETY DRUGS
... • Tolerance & rebound insomnia. • Alcohol & CNS depressants potentiate adverse effects. ...
... • Tolerance & rebound insomnia. • Alcohol & CNS depressants potentiate adverse effects. ...
OTC drugs - Peer Assistance Services
... Some people mistakenly think that prescription drugs are more powerful and dangerous, but it is possible to abuse or become addicted to OTC medications, too. One type of product abused is OTC cough and cold remedies that contain dextromethorphan (DXM). There is nothing wrong with taking the amount r ...
... Some people mistakenly think that prescription drugs are more powerful and dangerous, but it is possible to abuse or become addicted to OTC medications, too. One type of product abused is OTC cough and cold remedies that contain dextromethorphan (DXM). There is nothing wrong with taking the amount r ...
Drug Induced Liver Disease
... • Drug biotransformation and elimination is a liver function – Drug elimination may be reduced in patients with significant liver dysfunction - thus blood levels may be higher for longer (toxicity vs effectiveness?) ...
... • Drug biotransformation and elimination is a liver function – Drug elimination may be reduced in patients with significant liver dysfunction - thus blood levels may be higher for longer (toxicity vs effectiveness?) ...
Distribution of drugs
... RBC. Therefore, these drugs accumulate in RBC → RBC : plasma ~15-60 ! Chlorthalidone (a thiazide diuretic) binds to carbonic anhydrase in RBC strongly and accumulates in RBC 70 fold over plasma Chlorthalidone is relatively lipophilic and thus it can diffuse into RBC. As thiazides in general, chlorth ...
... RBC. Therefore, these drugs accumulate in RBC → RBC : plasma ~15-60 ! Chlorthalidone (a thiazide diuretic) binds to carbonic anhydrase in RBC strongly and accumulates in RBC 70 fold over plasma Chlorthalidone is relatively lipophilic and thus it can diffuse into RBC. As thiazides in general, chlorth ...
Chemistry 400 A
... 15. Which functional group was critical in making a birth control pill that could be taken orally? 16. What structural feature distinguishes estrogen from both progesterone and testosterone? 17. Depo-provera is a long lasting progesterone mimic. What functional group is present to achieve this effec ...
... 15. Which functional group was critical in making a birth control pill that could be taken orally? 16. What structural feature distinguishes estrogen from both progesterone and testosterone? 17. Depo-provera is a long lasting progesterone mimic. What functional group is present to achieve this effec ...
An Investigation of Atypical Antidepressants
... treating depression. Because of their age, TCAs are often used as the benchmark for efficacy of antidepressant and most clinical studies compare other drugs efficacy to a particular TCA. TCAs all have varying modes of action, but the majority function by blocking the serotonin and norepinephrine tr ...
... treating depression. Because of their age, TCAs are often used as the benchmark for efficacy of antidepressant and most clinical studies compare other drugs efficacy to a particular TCA. TCAs all have varying modes of action, but the majority function by blocking the serotonin and norepinephrine tr ...
Anticholinergics for Overactive Bladder Therapy: Central Nervous
... receiving OAB drugs are headache, somnolence, and dizziness (Table 2); however, the spectrum of effects may also include cognitive impairment, confusion, fatigue, psychotic behavior, and insomnia [15,51], and may range from mild symptoms such as drowsiness to severe intoxication manifested by halluc ...
... receiving OAB drugs are headache, somnolence, and dizziness (Table 2); however, the spectrum of effects may also include cognitive impairment, confusion, fatigue, psychotic behavior, and insomnia [15,51], and may range from mild symptoms such as drowsiness to severe intoxication manifested by halluc ...
Irritability (Cont`d)
... Common side effects: EPS and nausea/vomiting if given at too high a starting dose. Akathisia. Occasionally transient sedation or activation. Not associated with significant weight gain or prolactin elevation ...
... Common side effects: EPS and nausea/vomiting if given at too high a starting dose. Akathisia. Occasionally transient sedation or activation. Not associated with significant weight gain or prolactin elevation ...
Cardiology, Respiratory, Urology
... • Identify 3 common patient diagnoses for each classification of drugs: Cardiovascular and Respiratory. • Categorize from a list given commonly used drugs for cardiovascular classifications of drugs. • Assess possible side effects of cardiac drugs. • Describe the action of cardiac drugs on a patien ...
... • Identify 3 common patient diagnoses for each classification of drugs: Cardiovascular and Respiratory. • Categorize from a list given commonly used drugs for cardiovascular classifications of drugs. • Assess possible side effects of cardiac drugs. • Describe the action of cardiac drugs on a patien ...
general pharmacology
... of blood flowing in capillaries. Hydrostatic pressure pushes a portion of blood to be filtered across a semi-permeable membrane into the Bowman’s Capsule. Most drugs are filtered through glomerulus. Blood cells, platelets, and plasma proteins are retained in the blood and not filtered. ...
... of blood flowing in capillaries. Hydrostatic pressure pushes a portion of blood to be filtered across a semi-permeable membrane into the Bowman’s Capsule. Most drugs are filtered through glomerulus. Blood cells, platelets, and plasma proteins are retained in the blood and not filtered. ...
Anti Epileptic Drugs
... • Rash especially if valproate is also given, if starting dose is high or if dose escalation is rapid (Rash may disappear despite continued medication) • Headache, fever, arthralgia, asthenia • Tremor, eosinophilia, blood dyscrasias, Steven Johnson syndrome • Nausea, dyspepsia, vomiting • Confusion, ...
... • Rash especially if valproate is also given, if starting dose is high or if dose escalation is rapid (Rash may disappear despite continued medication) • Headache, fever, arthralgia, asthenia • Tremor, eosinophilia, blood dyscrasias, Steven Johnson syndrome • Nausea, dyspepsia, vomiting • Confusion, ...
Laurate Biosensors Image Brain Neurotransmitters In Vivo: Can an Antihypertensive Medication Alter Psychostimulant Behavior?
... Nonetheless, cocaine produces neuroadaptive withdrawal symptoms and hypertension (4,7). Caffeine is known to reinforce psychostimulant behavior, increase DA concentrations in mesolimbic and nigrostriatal pathways in brain and has adenosine receptor inhibiting properties (8). Similarly to cocaine, ca ...
... Nonetheless, cocaine produces neuroadaptive withdrawal symptoms and hypertension (4,7). Caffeine is known to reinforce psychostimulant behavior, increase DA concentrations in mesolimbic and nigrostriatal pathways in brain and has adenosine receptor inhibiting properties (8). Similarly to cocaine, ca ...
Therapeutic options and challenges for substances of abuse
... or prevention of relapse. Maintenance pharmacotherapies act as either blocking or substitution agents to attenuate protracted withdrawal symptoms. Detoxification is required prior to administration of a blocking agent, in order to prevent withdrawal from an abused agent. For example, naltrexone, a c ...
... or prevention of relapse. Maintenance pharmacotherapies act as either blocking or substitution agents to attenuate protracted withdrawal symptoms. Detoxification is required prior to administration of a blocking agent, in order to prevent withdrawal from an abused agent. For example, naltrexone, a c ...
pharma 2
... hormones is the stimulation of ovulation in females and spermatogenesis in males) -it has a very short half life and released every 2 hours -the pattern (mode) of administration and the concentration of this drug both affect its function; for example -pulsatile administration with low conc.: pituita ...
... hormones is the stimulation of ovulation in females and spermatogenesis in males) -it has a very short half life and released every 2 hours -the pattern (mode) of administration and the concentration of this drug both affect its function; for example -pulsatile administration with low conc.: pituita ...
The possible risks of proton pump inhibitors
... bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease, by means of faecal microbial transplantation or the use of ...
... bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease, by means of faecal microbial transplantation or the use of ...
Chapter 16 Cholinesterase Inhibitors
... Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepine-like drugs: zolpidem, zaleplon, and eszopiclone Ramelteon ...
... Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepine-like drugs: zolpidem, zaleplon, and eszopiclone Ramelteon ...
Gipson SfN 2010 - University of Kentucky
... •It appears that there is region-specificity in the prefrontal cortex with how methylphenidate, an ADHD medication, affects impulsive choice in delay discounting. Although methylphenidate has more than one mechanism of action, it has been found to inhibit reuptake of DA, similar to cocaine (Fleckens ...
... •It appears that there is region-specificity in the prefrontal cortex with how methylphenidate, an ADHD medication, affects impulsive choice in delay discounting. Although methylphenidate has more than one mechanism of action, it has been found to inhibit reuptake of DA, similar to cocaine (Fleckens ...
An Example Case Study
... Cannabis has been used for medicinal purposes for over 4,800 years. Surviving texts from Ancient India confirm that its psychoactive properties were recognized, and doctors used it for a variety of illnesses and ailments. (gastrointestinal disorders, insomnia, headaches and as a pain reliever) Canna ...
... Cannabis has been used for medicinal purposes for over 4,800 years. Surviving texts from Ancient India confirm that its psychoactive properties were recognized, and doctors used it for a variety of illnesses and ailments. (gastrointestinal disorders, insomnia, headaches and as a pain reliever) Canna ...
Cimetidine - Clemson University
... • In dogs, having the same treatment, some tachycardia was observed at high doses. ...
... • In dogs, having the same treatment, some tachycardia was observed at high doses. ...
Stimulant
Stimulants (also referred to as psychostimulants) are psychoactive drugs that induce temporary improvements in either mental or physical functions or both. Examples of these kinds of effects may include enhanced alertness, wakefulness, and locomotion, among others. Due to their rendering a characteristic ""up"" feeling, stimulants are also occasionally referred to as ""uppers"". Depressants or ""downers"", which decrease mental and/or physical function, are in stark contrast to stimulants and are considered to be their functional opposites. Stimulants are widely used throughout the world as prescription medicines and without prescription both as legal substances and illicit substances of recreational use or abuse.