![Optics - USTH Moodle - University of Science and Technology](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/001572873_1-ec1a8cc1ed39a68097fa4699a317bbfc-300x300.png)
light is - msmcgartland
... reflects (bounces off) them to our eyes. • Coloured liquids and stained glass windows allow light to pass through them and this allows us to see the objects. • Objects that we see because light reflects from them or passes through them are called non-luminous sources of light. ...
... reflects (bounces off) them to our eyes. • Coloured liquids and stained glass windows allow light to pass through them and this allows us to see the objects. • Objects that we see because light reflects from them or passes through them are called non-luminous sources of light. ...
Introduction - MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
... phenomena found throughout biology and have been shown to regulate many aspects of health and disease1. Despite this almost ubiquitous observation of cellular timekeeping, the genes generally proposed to be responsible show little or no homology between kingdoms. Recent work, however, has observed t ...
... phenomena found throughout biology and have been shown to regulate many aspects of health and disease1. Despite this almost ubiquitous observation of cellular timekeeping, the genes generally proposed to be responsible show little or no homology between kingdoms. Recent work, however, has observed t ...
Lecture 14: Polarization
... Figure 5. Plane wave entering and emerging from a medium with different index of refraction. This figure illustrates how light going slower means it goes through more oscillations over the same distance. ...
... Figure 5. Plane wave entering and emerging from a medium with different index of refraction. This figure illustrates how light going slower means it goes through more oscillations over the same distance. ...
Antimicrobial Blue Light Therapy for Multidrug
... light is much less detrimental than UVC irradiation to host cells [21, 22]. The mechanism underlying the antimicrobial effect of blue light is still not fully understood. The commonly accepted hypothesis is that blue light excites the naturally occurring endogenous photosensitizing porphyrins in bac ...
... light is much less detrimental than UVC irradiation to host cells [21, 22]. The mechanism underlying the antimicrobial effect of blue light is still not fully understood. The commonly accepted hypothesis is that blue light excites the naturally occurring endogenous photosensitizing porphyrins in bac ...
The Story of the Peppered Moth
... The answer is yes and no. The Story of the Peppered Moth is used in almost every biology book out thereespecially to teach evolution, however, we are using the story to teach ADAPTATIONS and CAMOUFLAGE. The moths didn’t necessarily die out because of the population, but they have to find other areas ...
... The answer is yes and no. The Story of the Peppered Moth is used in almost every biology book out thereespecially to teach evolution, however, we are using the story to teach ADAPTATIONS and CAMOUFLAGE. The moths didn’t necessarily die out because of the population, but they have to find other areas ...
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo
... engage and retain in adequate treatment, and many are left to suffer together with their newborns. Treatment of depression during pregnancy that is ef ficacious, reliable, safe, and with minor side effects is an urgent unmet clinical need. Light therapy is well established ...
... engage and retain in adequate treatment, and many are left to suffer together with their newborns. Treatment of depression during pregnancy that is ef ficacious, reliable, safe, and with minor side effects is an urgent unmet clinical need. Light therapy is well established ...
Refraction
... 1. Place a triangular prism upright on the table. 2. Place a pin (or friend’s eye or whatever) so that the light passes parallel to the normal into one face of the prism. 3. Look through for the object through the other face of the prism. Where is it? Why can’t you see it? ...
... 1. Place a triangular prism upright on the table. 2. Place a pin (or friend’s eye or whatever) so that the light passes parallel to the normal into one face of the prism. 3. Look through for the object through the other face of the prism. Where is it? Why can’t you see it? ...
Bioluminescence
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Photinus_pyralis_Firefly_glowing.jpg?width=300)
Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism. It is a form of chemiluminescence. Bioluminescence occurs widely in marine vertebrates and invertebrates, as well as in some fungi, microorganisms including some bioluminescent bacteria and terrestrial invertebrates such as fireflies. In some animals, the light is produced by symbiotic organisms such as Vibrio bacteria.The principal chemical reaction in bioluminescence involves the light-emitting pigment luciferin and the enzyme luciferase, assisted by other proteins such as aequorin in some species. The enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of luciferin. In some species, the type of luciferin requires cofactors such as calcium or magnesium ions, and sometimes also the energy-carrying molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In evolution, luciferins vary little: one in particular, coelenterazine, is found in nine different animal (phyla), though in some of these, the animals obtain it through their diet. Conversely, luciferases vary widely in different species. Bioluminescence has arisen over forty times in evolutionary history.Both Aristotle and Pliny the Elder mentioned that damp wood sometimes gives off a glow and many centuries later Robert Boyle showed that oxygen was involved in the process, both in wood and in glow-worms. It was not until the late nineteenth century that bioluminescence was properly investigated. The phenomenon is widely distributed among animal groups, especially in marine environments where dinoflagellates cause phosphorescence in the surface layers of water. On land it occurs in fungi, bacteria and some groups of invertebrates, including insects.The uses of bioluminescence by animals include counter-illumination camouflage, mimicry of other animals, for example to lure prey, and signalling to other individuals of the same species, such as to attract mates. In the laboratory, luciferase-based systems are used in genetic engineering and for biomedical research. Other researchers are investigating the possibility of using bioluminescent systems for street and decorative lighting, and a bioluminescent plant has been created.