Full text - Linköping University Electronic Press
... Our approach uses a combination of adapted entity and terminology taggers, specifically designed medical frames and various frame related regular expression patterns. Several systems for medication event extraction have been reported in the last couple of years [9]. However, the most relevant resear ...
... Our approach uses a combination of adapted entity and terminology taggers, specifically designed medical frames and various frame related regular expression patterns. Several systems for medication event extraction have been reported in the last couple of years [9]. However, the most relevant resear ...
NANOSUSPENSION TECHNOLOGY: A REVIEW Review Artice PRASANNA LAKSHMI*
... Formulating a poorly water soluble drug has always been a challenging problem confronted by the pharmaceutical scientist. The formulation of nano‐sized particles can be implemented to all drug compounds belonging to biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) classes II ...
... Formulating a poorly water soluble drug has always been a challenging problem confronted by the pharmaceutical scientist. The formulation of nano‐sized particles can be implemented to all drug compounds belonging to biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) classes II ...
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MOUTH DISSOLVING FILMS OF PARACETAMOL Original Article
... pharmaceutical industry. These systems either dissolve or disintegrate generally within a minute, without needing water or chewing. An important benefit is the accurate dosing as compared to liquid dosage forms, mostly used with paediatric patients or in case of dysphasia. Moreover, these systems ma ...
... pharmaceutical industry. These systems either dissolve or disintegrate generally within a minute, without needing water or chewing. An important benefit is the accurate dosing as compared to liquid dosage forms, mostly used with paediatric patients or in case of dysphasia. Moreover, these systems ma ...
compartmental vs. non-compartmental pharmacokinetic
... should give essentially superimposable plasma concentration versus time profiles, but practically it is impossible Bioequivalent generics are regarded as essentially similar to the brand product Midha et al, Eur J Pharm Sci, 1996 ...
... should give essentially superimposable plasma concentration versus time profiles, but practically it is impossible Bioequivalent generics are regarded as essentially similar to the brand product Midha et al, Eur J Pharm Sci, 1996 ...
Single Drug Screen Test
... How soon can I read my results? Any negative result is available to read as long as two lines appeared in the results window. For positive results you have to wait for 5 minutes when only a red or pink colored line appeared next to the letter of C and there is no line appeared next to the letter of ...
... How soon can I read my results? Any negative result is available to read as long as two lines appeared in the results window. For positive results you have to wait for 5 minutes when only a red or pink colored line appeared next to the letter of C and there is no line appeared next to the letter of ...
Методична розробка для студентів до практичного заняття № 1
... according to the established standards for each. Traditionally, tinctures of potent vegetable drugs essentially represent the activity of 10 g of the drug in each 100-ml of tincture, the potency being adjusted by the following assay. Most other vegetable tinctures represent 20 g of the respective ve ...
... according to the established standards for each. Traditionally, tinctures of potent vegetable drugs essentially represent the activity of 10 g of the drug in each 100-ml of tincture, the potency being adjusted by the following assay. Most other vegetable tinctures represent 20 g of the respective ve ...
Major Drug Conventions
... within the framework of International cooperation is necessary for the purpose. • There was a need to reinforce and supplement the measures provided in the Single Convention on Narcotics Drugs , 1961 and the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances , in order to counter the magnitude and extent of ...
... within the framework of International cooperation is necessary for the purpose. • There was a need to reinforce and supplement the measures provided in the Single Convention on Narcotics Drugs , 1961 and the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances , in order to counter the magnitude and extent of ...
AHFS Drug Information Users Guide
... subsections that are specifically divided by body system affected (e.g., GI, CNS, Hematologic) or by type of effect (e.g., Sensitivity Reactions). The Precautions and Contraindications subsection includes any special care to be taken by practitioners and/or patients for safe and effective use of the ...
... subsections that are specifically divided by body system affected (e.g., GI, CNS, Hematologic) or by type of effect (e.g., Sensitivity Reactions). The Precautions and Contraindications subsection includes any special care to be taken by practitioners and/or patients for safe and effective use of the ...
Current Drug Trends
... Signs and Symptoms of Pump It Signs and symptoms associated with Pump-It use are consistent with effects seen in stimulant and hallucinogen drugs: Increased heart rate and body temperature, dilated pupils, sensory distortions and psychotic symptoms. The high lasts 4-12 hours, depending on the dosag ...
... Signs and Symptoms of Pump It Signs and symptoms associated with Pump-It use are consistent with effects seen in stimulant and hallucinogen drugs: Increased heart rate and body temperature, dilated pupils, sensory distortions and psychotic symptoms. The high lasts 4-12 hours, depending on the dosag ...
the role of the medicinal chemist in drug discovery — then and now
... activity for the hit compound in an appropriate animal model is also mainly the responsibility of the chemist. This can often be one of the most difficult steps to accomplish because several factors, such as absorbability, distribution in vivo, rate of metabolism and rate of excretion (ADME), all pr ...
... activity for the hit compound in an appropriate animal model is also mainly the responsibility of the chemist. This can often be one of the most difficult steps to accomplish because several factors, such as absorbability, distribution in vivo, rate of metabolism and rate of excretion (ADME), all pr ...
Principles of Pharmacology
... -When half-life is short drug is quickly removed and duration of action is short e.g. t1/2 = 1h drug mostly gone in 4-5 hours -When drug half-life is long drug slowly removed from body and duration of action is long e.g. t1/2 = 60 h drug needs 300 h to be mostly gone from body ...
... -When half-life is short drug is quickly removed and duration of action is short e.g. t1/2 = 1h drug mostly gone in 4-5 hours -When drug half-life is long drug slowly removed from body and duration of action is long e.g. t1/2 = 60 h drug needs 300 h to be mostly gone from body ...
Street Drugs - Centegra Health System
... then absorbed through the mucus membranes of the sinus cavity and straight in to the blood stream. Suppository or “plugging” is done by using an oral syringe. The heroin is dissolved and placed in the syringe which is then lubricated and inserted in the anus or vagina. Users get a rush from the drug ...
... then absorbed through the mucus membranes of the sinus cavity and straight in to the blood stream. Suppository or “plugging” is done by using an oral syringe. The heroin is dissolved and placed in the syringe which is then lubricated and inserted in the anus or vagina. Users get a rush from the drug ...
Bhatt and Madhav, P. Bhatt and S. Madhav*
... nanoemulsions by dispersion or high-energy emulsification methods is apparently fairly common, while nanoemulsion formation by condensation or “low-energy” emulsification methods, take advantage of the physicochemical properties of these systems based on the phase transition that takes place during ...
... nanoemulsions by dispersion or high-energy emulsification methods is apparently fairly common, while nanoemulsion formation by condensation or “low-energy” emulsification methods, take advantage of the physicochemical properties of these systems based on the phase transition that takes place during ...
Budget Impact Analysis - Government of Manitoba
... 4. A three-year time horizon is required for all projections. 5. All projections should be for the Manitoba Health, Healthy Living and Seniors Pharmacare program only (e.g. not the entire health care system). Additional projections may be requested for drugs that significantly impact other Manitoba ...
... 4. A three-year time horizon is required for all projections. 5. All projections should be for the Manitoba Health, Healthy Living and Seniors Pharmacare program only (e.g. not the entire health care system). Additional projections may be requested for drugs that significantly impact other Manitoba ...
Slide 1
... When urine is acidic- weak acid drugs tend to be reabsorbed. Alternatively when urine is more alkaline, weak bases are more extensively reabsorbed. Urine pH can vary from 4.5 to 8.0 depending on the diet ...
... When urine is acidic- weak acid drugs tend to be reabsorbed. Alternatively when urine is more alkaline, weak bases are more extensively reabsorbed. Urine pH can vary from 4.5 to 8.0 depending on the diet ...
No Slide Title
... conscious animals (correlate brain chemistry with behavior). Implanted so that semi-permeable probe tip is in specific brain region of interest. Substances below the membrane MW cutoff diffuse across membrane based on concentration gradient. ...
... conscious animals (correlate brain chemistry with behavior). Implanted so that semi-permeable probe tip is in specific brain region of interest. Substances below the membrane MW cutoff diffuse across membrane based on concentration gradient. ...
Development and Validation of Stability-indicating RP
... 250 ml of water were mixed and pH of mixture was adjusted to 4.0 with ortho phosphoric acid. This mixture was sonicated for 10 min and filtered through 0.22 μm membrane filter and used as mobile phase. Validation and system suitability parameters: The developed method was validated for different par ...
... 250 ml of water were mixed and pH of mixture was adjusted to 4.0 with ortho phosphoric acid. This mixture was sonicated for 10 min and filtered through 0.22 μm membrane filter and used as mobile phase. Validation and system suitability parameters: The developed method was validated for different par ...
Drugs and nutrition Drug disposition in obesity and protein–energy
... to the amount of drug in the body. Drug elimination can be viewed in two parts; metabolism and excretion(1). Although some drugs are excreted from the body unchanged, most undergo some form of metabolism first which transforms the drug’s chemical structure through an enzymatic reaction. These reacti ...
... to the amount of drug in the body. Drug elimination can be viewed in two parts; metabolism and excretion(1). Although some drugs are excreted from the body unchanged, most undergo some form of metabolism first which transforms the drug’s chemical structure through an enzymatic reaction. These reacti ...
Teaching health professionals about complementary and alternative
... side-effects from medication prescribed during their stay in hospital has dropped by more than half over the past four years, a project at the Sydney Children's Hospital has found. But despite the improvements, almost nine out of every 100 pediatric patients prescribed drugs during their stay in hos ...
... side-effects from medication prescribed during their stay in hospital has dropped by more than half over the past four years, a project at the Sydney Children's Hospital has found. But despite the improvements, almost nine out of every 100 pediatric patients prescribed drugs during their stay in hos ...
File - LPA District One
... LPA members on the efforts currently being made to understand this research and how it may affect us in the near future. As achondroplasia is the most common form of dwarfism, much of the research has been focused on this particular condition. Therefore, achondroplasia will be the primary focus of t ...
... LPA members on the efforts currently being made to understand this research and how it may affect us in the near future. As achondroplasia is the most common form of dwarfism, much of the research has been focused on this particular condition. Therefore, achondroplasia will be the primary focus of t ...
3Ts Depression Treatment Pathway
... have a fairly prompt onset of action and no response at 2-6 weeks is a good predictor of overall non-response. Absence of any improvement at all at 34 weeks should provoke change in treatment. If there are some improvement at this time, continue and asses for a further 2-4 weeks. ...
... have a fairly prompt onset of action and no response at 2-6 weeks is a good predictor of overall non-response. Absence of any improvement at all at 34 weeks should provoke change in treatment. If there are some improvement at this time, continue and asses for a further 2-4 weeks. ...
Description and Effects of Drug
... found in tobacco (cigarettes). Previously used as an insecticide, it is now the substance which makes smoking so continuous and addictive. ...
... found in tobacco (cigarettes). Previously used as an insecticide, it is now the substance which makes smoking so continuous and addictive. ...
Rational use of anti-tuberculosis drugs in the EU: better EDITORIAL
... The fifth and final article is entitled ‘‘TB drug development and the potential to address the M/XDR-TB epidemic: relevance and implications for the rational use of drugs in the EU/EEA and beyond’’ by D. Manissero and co-workers. This will review the epidemiology of drug-resistant TB in the EU using ...
... The fifth and final article is entitled ‘‘TB drug development and the potential to address the M/XDR-TB epidemic: relevance and implications for the rational use of drugs in the EU/EEA and beyond’’ by D. Manissero and co-workers. This will review the epidemiology of drug-resistant TB in the EU using ...
Chemistry in every day life - Kendriya Vidyalaya, Bailey Road, Patna
... CATALYTIC ACTION OF EN ZYMESEnzymes have active sites which hold the substrate molecule .it can be attracted by reacting molecules. (b) Substrate is bonded to active sites through hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, Vander Waal or dipole – dipole interactions. (ii) DRUG- ENZYME INTERACTIONS(a)Drug compete ...
... CATALYTIC ACTION OF EN ZYMESEnzymes have active sites which hold the substrate molecule .it can be attracted by reacting molecules. (b) Substrate is bonded to active sites through hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, Vander Waal or dipole – dipole interactions. (ii) DRUG- ENZYME INTERACTIONS(a)Drug compete ...
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics, sometimes abbreviated as PK (from Ancient Greek pharmakon ""drug"" and kinetikos ""moving, putting in motion""; see chemical kinetics), is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to determining the fate of substances administered externally to a living organism. The substances of interest include pharmaceutical agents, hormones, nutrients, and toxins. It attempts to discover the fate of a drug from the moment that it is administered up to the point at which it is completely eliminated from the body.Pharmacokinetics describes how the body affects a specific drug after administration through the mechanisms of absorption and distribution, as well as the chemical changes of the substance in the body (e.g. by metabolic enzymes such as cytochrome P450 or glucuronosyltransferase enzymes), and the effects and routes of excretion of the metabolites of the drug. Pharmacokinetic properties of drugs may be affected by elements such as the site of administration and the dose of administered drug. These may affect the absorption rate. Pharmacokinetics is often studied in conjunction with pharmacodynamics, the study of a drug's pharmacological effect on the body.A number of different models have been developed in order to simplify conceptualization of the many processes that take place in the interaction between an organism and a drug. One of these models, the multi-compartment model, gives the best approximation to reality; however, the complexity involved in using this type of model means that monocompartmental models and above all two compartmental models are the most-frequently used. The various compartments that the model is divided into are commonly referred to as the ADME scheme (also referred to as LADME if liberation is included as a separate step from absorption): Liberation - the process of release of a drug from the pharmaceutical formulation. See also IVIVC. Absorption - the process of a substance entering the blood circulation. Distribution - the dispersion or dissemination of substances throughout the fluids and tissues of the body. Metabolization (or biotransformation, or inactivation) – the recognition by the organism that a foreign substance is present and the irreversible transformation of parent compounds into daughter metabolites. Excretion - the removal of the substances from the body. In rare cases, some drugs irreversibly accumulate in body tissue.The two phases of metabolism and excretion can also be grouped together under the title elimination.The study of these distinct phases involves the use and manipulation of basic concepts in order to understand the process dynamics. For this reason in order to fully comprehend the kinetics of a drug it is necessary to have detailed knowledge of a number of factors such as: the properties of the substances that act as excipients, the characteristics of the appropriate biological membranes and the way that substances can cross them, or the characteristics of the enzyme reactions that inactivate the drug.All these concepts can be represented through mathematical formulas that have a corresponding graphical representation. The use of these models allows an understanding of the characteristics of a molecule, as well as how a particular drug will behave given information regarding some of its basic characteristics. Such as its acid dissociation constant (pKa), bioavailability and solubility, absorption capacity and distribution in the organism.The model outputs for a drug can be used in industry (for example, in calculating bioequivalence when designing generic drugs) or in the clinical application of pharmacokinetic concepts. Clinical pharmacokinetics provides many performance guidelines for effective and efficient use of drugs for human-health professionals and in veterinary medicine.