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Bilbao - INFN - Sezione di Firenze
Bilbao - INFN - Sezione di Firenze

... • In superstring theory we can consider a “mixed” case: only some coordinates are fixed: the end points can move only on a pdimensional surface called a Dirichlet p-brane • If the SM gauge quantum numbers sit at the ends of open strings, we get an effective (p+1)-dimensional gauge theory. • If p=3 t ...
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... contemporary theoretical studies, such as lattice gauge [3–6], flux tube [7,8], QCD sum rule [9], perturbative non-relativistic QCD [10] and constituent models [11] have focused on heavy quark hybrids. The only two modern light quark hybrid calculations, a lattice gauge [4] and flux tube [8], have f ...
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... 2. Holographic principle and E-infinity theory In 1993, Noble laureate Gerard 'tHooft proposed the dimensional reduction in quantum gravity theories. This is known now as the Holographic principle which was extended by Leonard Susskind. [17]. The Holographic principle is about encoding information ...
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Dear Menon I have used bold italics to express my agreement and

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Origins of Mass - Massachusetts Institute of Technology

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Technicolor (physics)

Technicolor theories are models of physics beyond the standard model that address electroweak gauge symmetry breaking, the mechanism through which W and Z bosons acquire masses. Early technicolor theories were modelled on quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the ""color"" theory of the strong nuclear force, which inspired their name.Instead of introducing elementary Higgs bosons to explain observed phenomena, technicolor models hide electroweak symmetry and generate masses for the W and Z bosons through the dynamics of new gauge interactions. Although asymptotically free at very high energies, these interactions must become strong and confining (and hence unobservable) at lower energies that have been experimentally probed. This dynamical approach is natural and avoids issues of Quantum triviality and the hierarchy problem of the Standard Model.In order to produce quark and lepton masses, technicolor has to be ""extended"" by additional gauge interactions. Particularly when modelled on QCD, extended technicolor is challenged by experimental constraints on flavor-changing neutral current and precision electroweak measurements. It is not known what is the extended technicolor dynamics.Much technicolor research focuses on exploring strongly interacting gauge theories other than QCD, in order to evade some of these challenges. A particularly active framework is ""walking"" technicolor, which exhibits nearly conformal behavior caused by an infrared fixed point with strength just above that necessary for spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking. Whether walking can occur and lead to agreement with precision electroweak measurements is being studied through non-perturbative lattice simulations.Experiments at the Large Hadron Collider are expected to discover the mechanism responsible for electroweak symmetry breaking, and will be critical for determining whether the technicolor framework provides the correct description of nature. In 2012 these experiments declared the discovery of a Higgs-like boson with mass approximately 7002125000000000000♠125 GeV/c2; such a particle is not generically predicted by technicolor models, but can be accommodated by them.
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