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Edge modes, zero modes and conserved charges in parafermion
Edge modes, zero modes and conserved charges in parafermion

... The “superintegrable” line q=f=p/6 is very special. It is halfway between ferro and antiferromagnet, and so the spectrum is invariant under Here the “zero” mode occurs for any value of f and J. Along the superintegrable line the model a direct way of finding the infinite number of conserved charges ...
Exact diagonalization of quantum spin models
Exact diagonalization of quantum spin models

... In addition to sparseness, there is another aspect that can be exploited to make the calculation more tractable. Typically one is interested in the ground state and in a few low-lying excited states, not in the entire spectrum. Calculating just a few eigenstates, however, is just marginally cheaper ...
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... particle is added. μ depends on temperature, but it is determined in the same way as any normalization constant, as we will see shortly. Now we have fFD(E) = 1/ {[exp(E-μ)/kT] +1]}. μ is determined from the equation N = ∫0∞ dE ge(E) f(E,T,μ), so it again depends on temperature and total number of pa ...
Euclidean Field Theory - Department of Mathematical Sciences
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... of that relation is a proper definition of the path integral measure. The infinitedimensional integral is only well-defined if we regularise the model somehow, for instance by putting it on a lattice (which, in the quantum-mechanical model, means discretising time). As a result, all the systems that ...
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... Spin is like angular momentum Recall m can have (2l+1) values between –l and l. For spin, since only 2 ...
Report - Information Services and Technology
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... microscopic description of ferromagnetism. It merely explains the ferromagnetic phase transition from the paramagnetic phase at high temperatures to the ferromagnetic phase below the curie temperature Tc. The techniques and methods that have been formulated for this model were generalized and adapte ...
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... P (A ∩ B) = P (A)P (B) 0.11 6= 0.30 · 0.15 So the two events are not independent. 2. Use the binomial probability formula: ...
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... Low dimensional magnets have attracted great attention because of their simplicity in theoretical models, novel quantum phenomena and relation to high temperature superconductivity. Among them, quasi-1D systems such as spin ladders and spin chains have found their realization in several materials, e ...
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... can be realized with bosonic atoms loaded in the p-band of an optical lattice in the Mott regime. The combination of Bose statistics and the symmetry of the p-orbital wave functions leads to a non-integrable Heisenberg model with anti-ferromagnetic couplings. Moreover, the sign and the relative stre ...
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... Reproduction of the phase diagram with remarkable accuracy in d=3: much better than standard mean-field or strong coupling expansion (of the same order) in d=2 and 3. Allows for straightforward generalization for treatment of dynamics ...
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... For constant T and j, irreversible processes occur until is minimized. In equilibrium is a minimum with respect to changes in state occurring at constant T and j. ...
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TT 35: Low-Dimensional Systems: 2D - Theory - DPG
TT 35: Low-Dimensional Systems: 2D - Theory - DPG

... and hole densities and therefore doping away from half-filling. Our numerical results show that below a finite-temperature Ising transition a charge density wave with one electron and two holes per unit cell and its partner under particle-hole transformation are spontaneously generated. Our calculat ...
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... When Hubbard Model is Relevant? • Long ragne part of the interaction is ignored ) Screening must be strong ...
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1D Ising model

... The term ln C is thought of as multiplied by a unit matrix; H itself is a two by two matrix and τ̄ is a number. Also keep in mind that τ̄ is some arbitrary interval of imaginary time, while τ1 is a completely different thing, a matrix. We find a remarkable correspondence: the 1D Ising model is equiv ...
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Ising model

The Ising model (/ˈaɪsɪŋ/; German: [ˈiːzɪŋ]), named after the physicist Ernst Ising, is a mathematical model of ferromagnetism in statistical mechanics. The model consists of discrete variables that represent magnetic dipole moments of atomic spins that can be in one of two states (+1 or −1). The spins are arranged in a graph, usually a lattice, allowing each spin to interact with its neighbors. The model allows the identification of phase transitions, as a simplified model of reality. The two-dimensional square-lattice Ising model is one of the simplest statistical models to show a phase transition.The Ising model was invented by the physicist Wilhelm Lenz (1920), who gave it as a problem to his student Ernst Ising. The one-dimensional Ising model has no phase transition and was solved by Ising (1925) himself in his 1924 thesis. The two-dimensional square lattice Ising model is much harder, and was given an analytic description much later, by Lars Onsager (1944). It is usually solved by a transfer-matrix method, although there exist different approaches, more related to quantum field theory.In dimensions greater than four, the phase transition of the Ising model is described by mean field theory.
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