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History of the Atom
History of the Atom

Dynamical Theories of Brownian Motion
Dynamical Theories of Brownian Motion

... a colloid, keeping up movements by revolutionary perturbations. . . . It is interesting to remember that, while soap is probably our best detergent, boiled oatmeal is one of its best substitutes. What this may be as a conductor of electricity I do not know, but it certainly is a colloid mixture or s ...
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Supersymmetric Dark Matter

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why do physicists think that there are extra dimensions

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4.2 The Structure of an Atom

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Nobel Lecture: Fractional quantization

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Towards an Understanding of the Mutual Dependency of

Gauge Field Theory - High Energy Physics Group
Gauge Field Theory - High Energy Physics Group

... changes with time. This is easy to see: if a particle disappears, then the total probability to find it beforehand should be unity and the total probability to find it afterwards should be zero. Note that in QM we are not forced to consider states with a single particle (like a single electron in th ...
Gauge Field Theory - High Energy Physics Group
Gauge Field Theory - High Energy Physics Group

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Physical Entanglement in Permutation

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Projective Measurements

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6 slides to a page - School of Computer Science

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FEYNMANWS PATH INTEGRAL APPROACH TO QUANTUM FIELD

ABSTRACT - University of Richmond
ABSTRACT - University of Richmond

... entering the Cherenkov counter, enabling us to distinguish between particles. The following layer is made of plastic scintillators to determine time of flight (ToF) and hence velocity when combined with the path length from the trajectory measured with the drift chambers. The scintillators are locat ...
PPT1
PPT1

... If a system is not fully prepared (e.g. in a thermal state or in the presence of decoherence) classical uncertainty about the state of the system is present in addition to the quantum nature contained in |i. In these situations only the (classical) probability pi for the system occupying the state ...
Unit 6: Macroscopic Quantum Systems
Unit 6: Macroscopic Quantum Systems

Do dispositions and propensities have a role in the
Do dispositions and propensities have a role in the

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Identical particles

Identical particles, also called indistinguishable or indiscernible particles, are particles that cannot be distinguished from one another, even in principle. Species of identical particles include, but are not limited to elementary particles such as electrons, composite subatomic particles such as atomic nuclei, as well as atoms and molecules. Quasiparticles also behave in this way. Although all known indistinguishable particles are ""tiny"", there is no exhaustive list of all possible sorts of particles nor a clear-cut limit of applicability; see particle statistics #Quantum statistics for detailed explication.There are two main categories of identical particles: bosons, which can share quantum states, and fermions, which do not share quantum states due to the Pauli exclusion principle. Examples of bosons are photons, gluons, phonons, helium-4 nuclei and all mesons. Examples of fermions are electrons, neutrinos, quarks, protons, neutrons, and helium-3 nuclei.The fact that particles can be identical has important consequences in statistical mechanics. Calculations in statistical mechanics rely on probabilistic arguments, which are sensitive to whether or not the objects being studied are identical. As a result, identical particles exhibit markedly different statistical behavior from distinguishable particles. For example, the indistinguishability of particles has been proposed as a solution to Gibbs' mixing paradox.
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