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... Ans: An earthquake is a sudden shaking or trembling of the earth lasting for a very short time. Q. What Causes an Earthquake? Ans: Earthquake is caused by a disturbance deep inside the earth’s crust created by motion of tectonic plate. Q. What could cause a disturbance inside the earth? Ans: Some ti ...
No Slide Title
... • Continental drift is the idea that a single large landmass broke up into smaller landmasses to form the continents, which then drifted to their present locations. (OLD Theory, no longer relevant) • However, some parts of this theory helped to create the current theory of plate tectonics. • First, ...
... • Continental drift is the idea that a single large landmass broke up into smaller landmasses to form the continents, which then drifted to their present locations. (OLD Theory, no longer relevant) • However, some parts of this theory helped to create the current theory of plate tectonics. • First, ...
Isotopic Evolucon of the Earth (II)
... If bulk Earth is chondri-c, average composi-on must lie on Geochron Most accessible Earth reservoirs have Pb isotope composi-ons which lie to radiogenic side of the Geochron ?Hidden reservoir with unradiogenic Pb (core, or core‐mantle boundary) Or oceanic basalts do not faithfully record source ...
... If bulk Earth is chondri-c, average composi-on must lie on Geochron Most accessible Earth reservoirs have Pb isotope composi-ons which lie to radiogenic side of the Geochron ?Hidden reservoir with unradiogenic Pb (core, or core‐mantle boundary) Or oceanic basalts do not faithfully record source ...
PDF
... manifestations begin synchronously? The oldest of each are not the same age—the oldest ophiolites, ca. 1.03 Ga, are significantly older than the oldest blueschists, ca. 800 Ma, and these are older than the oldest-known UHP terranes. Such a progression is expected from our understanding of the subduc ...
... manifestations begin synchronously? The oldest of each are not the same age—the oldest ophiolites, ca. 1.03 Ga, are significantly older than the oldest blueschists, ca. 800 Ma, and these are older than the oldest-known UHP terranes. Such a progression is expected from our understanding of the subduc ...
9) Case Study Assessment_Learner
... Analysis: Mr. Luong could have easily assessed learners’ knowledge of plate tectonics through an exam. However, he was aware that his job is to blend content knowledge with the skills that employers demand in the workplace, so he constructed this real-world scenario. The scenario required that learn ...
... Analysis: Mr. Luong could have easily assessed learners’ knowledge of plate tectonics through an exam. However, he was aware that his job is to blend content knowledge with the skills that employers demand in the workplace, so he constructed this real-world scenario. The scenario required that learn ...
FOSS Earth History, Second Edition Glossary abrasion
... erratic a rock that is different from the type of rock found in its current location (SRB) extinct in terms of volcanoes, a volcano that is not expected to erupt again (IG) extremophiles organisms that live in extreme conditions such as acidic, boiling, or freezing (SRB) extrusive outside the earth; ...
... erratic a rock that is different from the type of rock found in its current location (SRB) extinct in terms of volcanoes, a volcano that is not expected to erupt again (IG) extremophiles organisms that live in extreme conditions such as acidic, boiling, or freezing (SRB) extrusive outside the earth; ...
Chapter 2
... • The rigid lithosphere is between 15km and 300 km thick. • asthenosphere the solid, plastic layer of the mantle beneath the lithosphere; made of mantle rock that flows very slowly, which allows tectonic plates to move on top of it • The plastic asthenosphere is about 200 km thick. Chapter menu ...
... • The rigid lithosphere is between 15km and 300 km thick. • asthenosphere the solid, plastic layer of the mantle beneath the lithosphere; made of mantle rock that flows very slowly, which allows tectonic plates to move on top of it • The plastic asthenosphere is about 200 km thick. Chapter menu ...
Preview Sample File
... 1) What are the basic differences between the disciplines of physical and historical geology? A) Physical geology is the study of fossils and sequences of rock strata; historical geology is the study of how rocks and minerals were used in the past. B) Historical geology involves the study of rock st ...
... 1) What are the basic differences between the disciplines of physical and historical geology? A) Physical geology is the study of fossils and sequences of rock strata; historical geology is the study of how rocks and minerals were used in the past. B) Historical geology involves the study of rock st ...
ESS 8 - Earthquakes - UW Courses Web Server
... Amazon review - A book that will hopefully wake people up who live here in the NW and make them realize that we are at just as much risk for earthquakes as California. I was a 1 year old and my parents recall their terror of ensuring my safety as well as their own during the 1965 quake that hit WA ...
... Amazon review - A book that will hopefully wake people up who live here in the NW and make them realize that we are at just as much risk for earthquakes as California. I was a 1 year old and my parents recall their terror of ensuring my safety as well as their own during the 1965 quake that hit WA ...
Physical Geology 14e Plummer TB
... A. hot; heat flows inward toward Earth's center. B. cool; heat flows in toward Earth's center C. hot; heat flows out toward Earth's surface D. the same temperature throughout the earth; heat flow is not an important consideration E. unknown; we can only guess about conditions there ...
... A. hot; heat flows inward toward Earth's center. B. cool; heat flows in toward Earth's center C. hot; heat flows out toward Earth's surface D. the same temperature throughout the earth; heat flow is not an important consideration E. unknown; we can only guess about conditions there ...
Spherical shell models of mantle convection
... the plate motion balances the torque of stresses induced by mantle convection and the torque of stresses resisting the plate motion. The rotation of each plate determines a surface velocity ¢eld that will be used as top condition in the equation of motion. This is quite di¡erent superimposing a give ...
... the plate motion balances the torque of stresses induced by mantle convection and the torque of stresses resisting the plate motion. The rotation of each plate determines a surface velocity ¢eld that will be used as top condition in the equation of motion. This is quite di¡erent superimposing a give ...
Rheology of the mantle
... derived a viscosity for the lower mantle of ~ 1 0 2 6 - 1 0 2 7 poises by assuming that the earth's nonhydrostatic bulge is due to the delayed readjustment of the earth's shape to a slowing rate of rotation. This assumption rested on their belief that the bulge was anomalously larger than other depa ...
... derived a viscosity for the lower mantle of ~ 1 0 2 6 - 1 0 2 7 poises by assuming that the earth's nonhydrostatic bulge is due to the delayed readjustment of the earth's shape to a slowing rate of rotation. This assumption rested on their belief that the bulge was anomalously larger than other depa ...
FREE Sample Here
... Earth has evolved internally and externally. As internal processes were established, they played a role in what was happening on the surface of Earth as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and landmasses developed. Organic evolution was directly dependent on development of favorable conditions for differen ...
... Earth has evolved internally and externally. As internal processes were established, they played a role in what was happening on the surface of Earth as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and landmasses developed. Organic evolution was directly dependent on development of favorable conditions for differen ...
Plate tectonics and planetary habitability
... is also essential for the existence of a planetary magnetic field, which protects the atmosphere from the interaction with the solar wind. These factors affecting planetary habitability are thus interrelated to various degrees. Whether or not plate tectonics is operating on a planet, for example, wo ...
... is also essential for the existence of a planetary magnetic field, which protects the atmosphere from the interaction with the solar wind. These factors affecting planetary habitability are thus interrelated to various degrees. Whether or not plate tectonics is operating on a planet, for example, wo ...
Sample
... 12) Which plate boundary accounts for the smallest percentage of all plate boundaries on the surface of the Earth? A) Convergent Boundaries B) Divergent Boundaries C) Transform Boundaries Answer: C Diff: 1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge Global Sci Out: 7 Section: 2.4 - The Theory of Plate Tectonics Fo ...
... 12) Which plate boundary accounts for the smallest percentage of all plate boundaries on the surface of the Earth? A) Convergent Boundaries B) Divergent Boundaries C) Transform Boundaries Answer: C Diff: 1 Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge Global Sci Out: 7 Section: 2.4 - The Theory of Plate Tectonics Fo ...
ISCI 2001 Final Exam Review
... 9. Know how to calculate the specific gravity of a mineral. 10. Relate the hardness of a mineral to the bonds between atoms, charge, size and packing involving atoms. 11. Know the two factors that affect a minerals stability the most. 12. Know how pressure and temperature affect the stability of a m ...
... 9. Know how to calculate the specific gravity of a mineral. 10. Relate the hardness of a mineral to the bonds between atoms, charge, size and packing involving atoms. 11. Know the two factors that affect a minerals stability the most. 12. Know how pressure and temperature affect the stability of a m ...
ch07_crct plate tectonics
... losing height and becoming more rounded. Why are these mountains changing in different ways? ...
... losing height and becoming more rounded. Why are these mountains changing in different ways? ...
Mantle Convection and Plate Tectonics: A Primary Cause
... Mantle Convection and Plate Tectonics: A Primary Cause for Earthquakes Generally, many earthquakes occur along the convergent boundaries of the continental coastlines and their magnitudes are very high. Minor earthquakes occur along mid-ocean separating boundaries. Approximately 70% of the continen ...
... Mantle Convection and Plate Tectonics: A Primary Cause for Earthquakes Generally, many earthquakes occur along the convergent boundaries of the continental coastlines and their magnitudes are very high. Minor earthquakes occur along mid-ocean separating boundaries. Approximately 70% of the continen ...
Plate Tectonics
... • Throughout centuries people have been studying maps. During this time many people have noticed the similarities between the coastlines of the continents. • The continents on each side of the Atlantic Ocean looked as though they could fit together like a puzzle piece. ...
... • Throughout centuries people have been studying maps. During this time many people have noticed the similarities between the coastlines of the continents. • The continents on each side of the Atlantic Ocean looked as though they could fit together like a puzzle piece. ...
Geology G
... An introduction to the world’s oceans: how they work, what they contain, how they impact everything on Earth, and how humans impact them. Fall, Spring GE-3, GE-10 GEOL 121 (4) Physical Geology Physical geology is the study of how the earth works. From mountain building to soil erosion, this course p ...
... An introduction to the world’s oceans: how they work, what they contain, how they impact everything on Earth, and how humans impact them. Fall, Spring GE-3, GE-10 GEOL 121 (4) Physical Geology Physical geology is the study of how the earth works. From mountain building to soil erosion, this course p ...
Chapter 7 Plate Tectonics
... more magnesium and less aluminum than the crust. This makes the mantle denser than the crust. No one has ever visited the mantle. The crust is too thick to drill through to reach the mantle. Therefore, scientists must use observations of Earth’s surface to draw conclusions about the mantle. In some ...
... more magnesium and less aluminum than the crust. This makes the mantle denser than the crust. No one has ever visited the mantle. The crust is too thick to drill through to reach the mantle. Therefore, scientists must use observations of Earth’s surface to draw conclusions about the mantle. In some ...
Evolution of Seafloor Spreading Rate Based on 40Ar
... Subscriptsrepresent as follows: mant = mantle, oc = oceanic crust, cc = continental crust, and arm = atmosphere,respectively. A•½is the accretionratio of potassium,which is a free parameter in this model. The fraction A•½ of potassium in the subducting oceaniccrust is assumedto be transported to the ...
... Subscriptsrepresent as follows: mant = mantle, oc = oceanic crust, cc = continental crust, and arm = atmosphere,respectively. A•½is the accretionratio of potassium,which is a free parameter in this model. The fraction A•½ of potassium in the subducting oceaniccrust is assumedto be transported to the ...
Document
... • Continents last longer – Surface features erased by erosion (water and wind) • Evidence of craters erased in time ...
... • Continents last longer – Surface features erased by erosion (water and wind) • Evidence of craters erased in time ...
The changing role of the lithosphere in models of glacial isostasy: a
... In the following, glacial isostasy will be reviewed with special consideration of the role of the lithosphere taken in the conceptual models developed over the years. The term lithosphere, understood in the sense of a surface shell of the earth with the capacity of sustaining long-enduring stress di ...
... In the following, glacial isostasy will be reviewed with special consideration of the role of the lithosphere taken in the conceptual models developed over the years. The term lithosphere, understood in the sense of a surface shell of the earth with the capacity of sustaining long-enduring stress di ...
Seismology (a very short indroduction)
... take for P- and S-waves to reach some epicentral distance. ...
... take for P- and S-waves to reach some epicentral distance. ...
Spherical Earth
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/John_Gower_world_Vox_Clamantis_detail.jpg?width=300)
The concept of a spherical Earth dates back to around the 6th century BC, when it was mentioned in ancient Greek philosophy, but remained a matter of philosophical speculation until the 3rd century BC, when Hellenistic astronomy established the spherical shape of the earth as a physical given. The paradigm was gradually adopted throughout the Old World during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. A practical demonstration of Earth's sphericity was achieved by Ferdinand Magellan and Juan Sebastián Elcano's expedition's circumnavigation (1519−1522).The concept of a spherical Earth displaced earlier beliefs in a flat Earth: In early Mesopotamian mythology, the world was portrayed as a flat disk floating in the ocean and surrounded by a spherical sky, and this forms the premise for early world maps like those of Anaximander and Hecataeus of Miletus. Other speculations on the shape of Earth include a seven-layered ziggurat or cosmic mountain, alluded to in the Avesta and ancient Persian writings (see seven climes).The realization that the figure of the Earth is more accurately described as an ellipsoid dates to the 18th century (Maupertuis).In the early 19th century, the flattening of the earth ellipsoid was determined to be of the order of 1/300 (Delambre, Everest). The modern value as determined by the US DoD World Geodetic System since the 1960s is close to 1/298.25.