Lecture 5B / Igneous Rocks
... These notes and web links are your primary “lecture” content in this class. Additionally, various articles are assigned each week to supplement this “lecture” information. I believe you’ll have enough information to reference without having to purchase a costly textbook. These lecture notes are ver ...
... These notes and web links are your primary “lecture” content in this class. Additionally, various articles are assigned each week to supplement this “lecture” information. I believe you’ll have enough information to reference without having to purchase a costly textbook. These lecture notes are ver ...
LITHOSPHERIC STRUCTURE OF THE ARABIAN PLATE AND
... lithospheric mantle (i.e., mantle lid). Consistent with our Sn attenuation findings, we also observed low Qpn along the western portion of the Arabian plate and along the Dead Sea fault system. Our results imply the presence of a major anomalously hot and thinned lithosphere in these regions that ma ...
... lithospheric mantle (i.e., mantle lid). Consistent with our Sn attenuation findings, we also observed low Qpn along the western portion of the Arabian plate and along the Dead Sea fault system. Our results imply the presence of a major anomalously hot and thinned lithosphere in these regions that ma ...
An Overview of the Structure and Evolution of the Ouachita Orogenic
... and is a classic passive margin that also involved considerable strikeslip motion during its formation. This margin and the related inboard features set-up the structural framework of the southern Mid-Continent region. The Late Paleozoic Ouachita/Ancestral Rocky Mountain orogeny reactivated many of ...
... and is a classic passive margin that also involved considerable strikeslip motion during its formation. This margin and the related inboard features set-up the structural framework of the southern Mid-Continent region. The Late Paleozoic Ouachita/Ancestral Rocky Mountain orogeny reactivated many of ...
Genesis of the Neogene to Quaternary volcanism in the Carpathian
... Dehydration of subducting slab should have resulted in thorough metasomatism in the mantle wedge during Cretaceous to early Miocene that would have lowered the melting temperature, therefore playing an indirect role in the generation of magmas later on. Mixing between mantle-derived magmas and lower ...
... Dehydration of subducting slab should have resulted in thorough metasomatism in the mantle wedge during Cretaceous to early Miocene that would have lowered the melting temperature, therefore playing an indirect role in the generation of magmas later on. Mixing between mantle-derived magmas and lower ...
Geological Society of America Bulletin
... sections should have deformed the accretionary prism or other parts of the crust in the shallow part of the subduction zone hanging wall (e.g., Taira, 2001). The first signs of this collision should define when the NE Philippine Sea plate began to be subducted beneath SW Japan. Understanding migrati ...
... sections should have deformed the accretionary prism or other parts of the crust in the shallow part of the subduction zone hanging wall (e.g., Taira, 2001). The first signs of this collision should define when the NE Philippine Sea plate began to be subducted beneath SW Japan. Understanding migrati ...
Drilling Active Tectonics and Magmatism (Volcanics, Geoprisms
... I. INTRODUCTION Forces originating deep within the active Earth are expressed on Earth’s surface, where they have a profound effect on human societies. On a global scale, these effects include the development of mountain ranges and subduction zones. On a local scale, they are expressed as active fau ...
... I. INTRODUCTION Forces originating deep within the active Earth are expressed on Earth’s surface, where they have a profound effect on human societies. On a global scale, these effects include the development of mountain ranges and subduction zones. On a local scale, they are expressed as active fau ...
Lithospheric evolution of the Andean fold–thrust belt, Bolivia, and
... The Central Andes have been generally regarded as a young orogenic belt because of their high elevation and topography, rugged peaks little affected by erosion, and broad internally drained areas of low relief. The initial pulse of tectonism that constructed this topographic edifice is generally con ...
... The Central Andes have been generally regarded as a young orogenic belt because of their high elevation and topography, rugged peaks little affected by erosion, and broad internally drained areas of low relief. The initial pulse of tectonism that constructed this topographic edifice is generally con ...
Metamorphic reworking of a high - Lamont
... of ocean basins as part of the Wilson Cycle (Wilson, 1960). Most sutures were assumed to be perpendicular to convergent directions since major dip slip motion is required to form HP rocks. However, many modern compressional terrane boundaries are not perpendicular to convergent directions, but obliq ...
... of ocean basins as part of the Wilson Cycle (Wilson, 1960). Most sutures were assumed to be perpendicular to convergent directions since major dip slip motion is required to form HP rocks. However, many modern compressional terrane boundaries are not perpendicular to convergent directions, but obliq ...
A. Mills, T. Calon and C. Peddle - Department of Natural Resources
... The Bonavista Peninsula is divided into three Neoproterozoic siliciclastic tectonostratigraphic domains including, from west to east: the West domain comprising the 620–600 Ma arc-derived, turbiditic Connecting Point Group; the Central domain comprising mainly rocks of the terrestrial to marine, vol ...
... The Bonavista Peninsula is divided into three Neoproterozoic siliciclastic tectonostratigraphic domains including, from west to east: the West domain comprising the 620–600 Ma arc-derived, turbiditic Connecting Point Group; the Central domain comprising mainly rocks of the terrestrial to marine, vol ...
Printer-friendly Version - Solid Earth Discussions
... Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, 752 34 Uppsala, Sweden ...
... Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, 752 34 Uppsala, Sweden ...
Full text PDF - Geochemical Perspectives
... leading role in this narrative, Ted Ringwood, George Wetherill, George Tilton (who taught me Pb isotopic analysis during his sabbatical at Carnegie), Tom Aldrich, Carl Hedge, Shen-Su Sun, Keith O’Nions (“Sir Keith”), Gil Hanson and Mike O’Hara (who is assigned the role of villain in this narrative, ...
... leading role in this narrative, Ted Ringwood, George Wetherill, George Tilton (who taught me Pb isotopic analysis during his sabbatical at Carnegie), Tom Aldrich, Carl Hedge, Shen-Su Sun, Keith O’Nions (“Sir Keith”), Gil Hanson and Mike O’Hara (who is assigned the role of villain in this narrative, ...
Azimuthal anisotropy and phase velocity beneath Iceland
... er mantle origin of the Iceland plume. However, the structure in the uppermost mantle ( 6 100 km) beneath Iceland, where a plume head is expected, is not well resolved in body wave inversions. Seismic anisotropy in the upper mantle is generally believed to be largely caused by strain-induced, lattic ...
... er mantle origin of the Iceland plume. However, the structure in the uppermost mantle ( 6 100 km) beneath Iceland, where a plume head is expected, is not well resolved in body wave inversions. Seismic anisotropy in the upper mantle is generally believed to be largely caused by strain-induced, lattic ...
psha using different attenuation relationships for different
... This may not lead to realistic estimate of the hazard, because there may be a combination of seismic sources with fundamentally different characteristics, warranting the use of different attenuation relations for different sets of sources. Use of multiple attenuation relations as is done to consider ...
... This may not lead to realistic estimate of the hazard, because there may be a combination of seismic sources with fundamentally different characteristics, warranting the use of different attenuation relations for different sets of sources. Use of multiple attenuation relations as is done to consider ...
Ascent of the ultrahigh-pressure Western Gneiss Region, Norway.
... is significant because it is becoming clear that a typical orogenic belt experiences multiple (U)HP events. Consider four examples. (1) In the Alps, there were at least four stages of (U)HP metamorphism: Cretaceous in the Penninic unit of the eastern Alps, ca. 65 Ma in the Austro-Alpine units, ca. 4 ...
... is significant because it is becoming clear that a typical orogenic belt experiences multiple (U)HP events. Consider four examples. (1) In the Alps, there were at least four stages of (U)HP metamorphism: Cretaceous in the Penninic unit of the eastern Alps, ca. 65 Ma in the Austro-Alpine units, ca. 4 ...
Near-Ultrahigh Pressure Processing of Continental Crust: Miocene
... Only xenoliths erupted from ultrahigh-pressure settings can provide this important information, but such rocks are exceptionally rare. We report here on the petrology, physical properties, and geochronology of a Miocene xenolith suite from the Pamir that has captured nearultrahigh pressure metamorph ...
... Only xenoliths erupted from ultrahigh-pressure settings can provide this important information, but such rocks are exceptionally rare. We report here on the petrology, physical properties, and geochronology of a Miocene xenolith suite from the Pamir that has captured nearultrahigh pressure metamorph ...
Thesis pdf
... It is composed by the Zagros orogen in the western sector and the Himalaya-Tibetan orogen in the eastern sector, which are the results of the subduction of the Tethys oceanic lithosphere towards the NNE and the subsequent collisions between Arabia and India plates with the Eurasia plate during the C ...
... It is composed by the Zagros orogen in the western sector and the Himalaya-Tibetan orogen in the eastern sector, which are the results of the subduction of the Tethys oceanic lithosphere towards the NNE and the subsequent collisions between Arabia and India plates with the Eurasia plate during the C ...
Geologic history of Siletzia, a large igneous province in the Oregon
... that the Eocene sweep of near-trench magmatism across northeast Pacific marginal terranes from Alaska to Oregon was the result of the subduction of an additional plate, the Resurrection plate, and its bounding ridges. McCrory and Wilson (2013) proposed that Siletzia consists of two terranes, the Sil ...
... that the Eocene sweep of near-trench magmatism across northeast Pacific marginal terranes from Alaska to Oregon was the result of the subduction of an additional plate, the Resurrection plate, and its bounding ridges. McCrory and Wilson (2013) proposed that Siletzia consists of two terranes, the Sil ...
The Moho - EarthByte
... crust. It is identified as a first order discontinuity where the seismic P-wave velocity increases from typically 6.5–7.0 km/s to above 8.0 km/ s in continental lithosphere, and from about 6.8–7.3 km/s to above 7.6 km/s in oceanic lithosphere (e.g. White et al., 1992). The Moho is generally interprete ...
... crust. It is identified as a first order discontinuity where the seismic P-wave velocity increases from typically 6.5–7.0 km/s to above 8.0 km/ s in continental lithosphere, and from about 6.8–7.3 km/s to above 7.6 km/s in oceanic lithosphere (e.g. White et al., 1992). The Moho is generally interprete ...
Geophysical Constraints on Mantle Composition
... Specific types of seismic studies that use differential travel times, as opposed to absolute travel times, are more robust to the influence of unusual structure near either the earthquake source or the receiver (Lay and Garnero, 2011). One example of this type is receiver function studies that use t ...
... Specific types of seismic studies that use differential travel times, as opposed to absolute travel times, are more robust to the influence of unusual structure near either the earthquake source or the receiver (Lay and Garnero, 2011). One example of this type is receiver function studies that use t ...
Redalyc.Foundations of Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean evolution
... that no significant motions occurred along the reconstructed Equatorial Atlantic rifted margins prior to the time represented by our Fig. 2B reconstruction. But how valid is this assumption, and what error limits can be placed on it? Pre-Aptian ages on basalts from the Equatorial Atlantic margins ha ...
... that no significant motions occurred along the reconstructed Equatorial Atlantic rifted margins prior to the time represented by our Fig. 2B reconstruction. But how valid is this assumption, and what error limits can be placed on it? Pre-Aptian ages on basalts from the Equatorial Atlantic margins ha ...
2012 Americas School of Mines
... Magma may melt enough rock to form a chamber where it accumulates. Fractionation continues in the chamber as lighter low melting point minerals remain as fluids and heavier sulfide and oxide minerals precipitate. Sulfur is leached from the walls of the chamber and forms sulfides which precipitate on ...
... Magma may melt enough rock to form a chamber where it accumulates. Fractionation continues in the chamber as lighter low melting point minerals remain as fluids and heavier sulfide and oxide minerals precipitate. Sulfur is leached from the walls of the chamber and forms sulfides which precipitate on ...
Exploring Earth: Plate Tectonics
... deep conceptual understanding that is aligned with the standards, key science concepts, and essential features of classroom inquiry (as defined by the National Science Education Standards). In Immersion Units, students learn academic content by working like scientists: making observations, asking qu ...
... deep conceptual understanding that is aligned with the standards, key science concepts, and essential features of classroom inquiry (as defined by the National Science Education Standards). In Immersion Units, students learn academic content by working like scientists: making observations, asking qu ...
Plate tectonics
Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin tectonicus, from the Greek: τεκτονικός ""pertaining to building"") is a scientific theory that describes the large-scale motion of Earth's lithosphere. This theoretical model builds on the concept of continental drift which was developed during the first few decades of the 20th century. The geoscientific community accepted the theory after the concepts of seafloor spreading were later developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s.The lithosphere, which is the rigid outermost shell of a planet (on Earth, the crust and upper mantle), is broken up into tectonic plates. On Earth, there are seven or eight major plates (depending on how they are defined) and many minor plates. Where plates meet, their relative motion determines the type of boundary; convergent, divergent, or transform. Earthquakes, volcanic activity, mountain-building, and oceanic trench formation occur along these plate boundaries. The lateral relative movement of the plates typically varies from zero to 100 mm annually.Tectonic plates are composed of oceanic lithosphere and thicker continental lithosphere, each topped by its own kind of crust. Along convergent boundaries, subduction carries plates into the mantle; the material lost is roughly balanced by the formation of new (oceanic) crust along divergent margins by seafloor spreading. In this way, the total surface of the globe remains the same. This prediction of plate tectonics is also referred to as the conveyor belt principle. Earlier theories (that still have some supporters) propose gradual shrinking (contraction) or gradual expansion of the globe.Tectonic plates are able to move because the Earth's lithosphere has greater strength than the underlying asthenosphere. Lateral density variations in the mantle result in convection. Plate movement is thought to be driven by a combination of the motion of the seafloor away from the spreading ridge (due to variations in topography and density of the crust, which result in differences in gravitational forces) and drag, with downward suction, at the subduction zones. Another explanation lies in the different forces generated by the rotation of the globe and the tidal forces of the Sun and Moon. The relative importance of each of these factors and their relationship to each other is unclear, and still the subject of much debate.