38. EVIDENCE FOR DETACHMENT TECTONICS ON THE IBERIA
... Galicia. This hypothesis was further supported by the analysis of refraction seismic data combined with the modeling of a single eastwest gravity profile (Whitmarsh et al. 1993). These authors identify a layer of extremely thinned continental crust adjacent to thin oceanic crust, both underlain by a ...
... Galicia. This hypothesis was further supported by the analysis of refraction seismic data combined with the modeling of a single eastwest gravity profile (Whitmarsh et al. 1993). These authors identify a layer of extremely thinned continental crust adjacent to thin oceanic crust, both underlain by a ...
Introductory Video Script Template
... http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pla te_tectonics_map.gif ...
... http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pla te_tectonics_map.gif ...
Understanding Our Environment
... island was formed from a Mid-Atlantic Rift volcano? http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/ visualizations/es0903/es0903page01.cfm?chapter_no=visu ...
... island was formed from a Mid-Atlantic Rift volcano? http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/ visualizations/es0903/es0903page01.cfm?chapter_no=visu ...
Petrological models of magma evolution and deep crustal structure
... oceanic crust), and P = 5 kbar (Moho depth of N 17 km, appropriate for thickened oceanic crust). We also consider two possible cases. For the ‘one stage case’ fractionation occurs exclusively at the Moho, which implies rapid magma transport from the reservoir to the surface without significant cryst ...
... oceanic crust), and P = 5 kbar (Moho depth of N 17 km, appropriate for thickened oceanic crust). We also consider two possible cases. For the ‘one stage case’ fractionation occurs exclusively at the Moho, which implies rapid magma transport from the reservoir to the surface without significant cryst ...
Lithospheric expression of cenozoic subduction, mesozoic rifting
... direct S (Yuan et al., 2006). In the Ps receiver function data, P-toS conversions from upper mantle structures, such as the LAB may interfere with crustal multiples, making it difficult to image the LAB with Ps receiver function data. Since S-to-P conversions arrive prior to direct S, and multiple refl ...
... direct S (Yuan et al., 2006). In the Ps receiver function data, P-toS conversions from upper mantle structures, such as the LAB may interfere with crustal multiples, making it difficult to image the LAB with Ps receiver function data. Since S-to-P conversions arrive prior to direct S, and multiple refl ...
Philippine Sea Plate inception, evolution, and consumption with
... initiation and ultimately PSP inception. (2) The initial splitting phase of the composite proto-PSP under the plume influence at ∼54–48 Ma led to the formation of the long-lived West Philippine Basin and short-lived oceanic basins, part of whose crust has been ambiguously called “fore-arc basalts” ( ...
... initiation and ultimately PSP inception. (2) The initial splitting phase of the composite proto-PSP under the plume influence at ∼54–48 Ma led to the formation of the long-lived West Philippine Basin and short-lived oceanic basins, part of whose crust has been ambiguously called “fore-arc basalts” ( ...
P corner, Japan-Kurile arc-arc junction Kei Katsumata, Naoto Wada, and Minoru Kasahara
... boundary of the Pacific plate were not assumed. Although Katsumata et al. (2003) estimated the plate boundary with hypocentral distribution, we did not assume this model in our tomography. We will compare Katsumata’s model with the seismic activity is very high down to the upper mantle velocity stru ...
... boundary of the Pacific plate were not assumed. Although Katsumata et al. (2003) estimated the plate boundary with hypocentral distribution, we did not assume this model in our tomography. We will compare Katsumata’s model with the seismic activity is very high down to the upper mantle velocity stru ...
Earth`s History - Ms. Clark`s Science
... Read Chapter 4 • Read through all of chapter 4, you may read individually or as a group • you don’t need to answer the questions in the section review section on paper, but you do need to make sure that you are discussing the questions as a table group. ...
... Read Chapter 4 • Read through all of chapter 4, you may read individually or as a group • you don’t need to answer the questions in the section review section on paper, but you do need to make sure that you are discussing the questions as a table group. ...
Basin Analysis Basin Analysis Introduction Introduction Introduction
... Uplift along basin margins can cause variations in sediment supply ...
... Uplift along basin margins can cause variations in sediment supply ...
Mantle flow through the Northern Cordilleran slab window revealed
... the slab window triggered upwelling of anhydrous mantle and displacement of the hydrous mantle wedge, which had developed during extensive early Cenozoic arc and backarc volcanism in western Canada. High heat flow throughout the western Canadian Cordillera is broadly coincident with the field of int ...
... the slab window triggered upwelling of anhydrous mantle and displacement of the hydrous mantle wedge, which had developed during extensive early Cenozoic arc and backarc volcanism in western Canada. High heat flow throughout the western Canadian Cordillera is broadly coincident with the field of int ...
Earth,Tests,Ch13
... 19) Which one of the following statements concerning submarine canyons is not true? A) They extend from the continental shelf to the base of the continental slope. B) They channel turbidity currents down the continental slope to deeper waters. C) They generally conned across the continental shelf to ...
... 19) Which one of the following statements concerning submarine canyons is not true? A) They extend from the continental shelf to the base of the continental slope. B) They channel turbidity currents down the continental slope to deeper waters. C) They generally conned across the continental shelf to ...
ESS 8 - Earthquakes - UW Courses Web Server
... Meter (m) is about 3 ft. Kilometer (km) is 1000 m (~103 m, ~105 cm) 1 km = 0.6 mile ...
... Meter (m) is about 3 ft. Kilometer (km) is 1000 m (~103 m, ~105 cm) 1 km = 0.6 mile ...
GEOLOGIST'S NOTEBOOK WHY LAND GOES UP AND DOWN Produced by Teacher’s Guide by
... giant plumes, bubbles of extra hot heat rising from deep within Earth. Sometimes they push so hard against the plates, they create a bulge. An example of a plume that causes hotspots and geysers can be found below Yellowstone National Park, in North America. The park also sits on a plateau that was ...
... giant plumes, bubbles of extra hot heat rising from deep within Earth. Sometimes they push so hard against the plates, they create a bulge. An example of a plume that causes hotspots and geysers can be found below Yellowstone National Park, in North America. The park also sits on a plateau that was ...
Document
... - English Geologist, wrote Principles of Geology (the first volume appeared in 1830) - his influential popularization of Hutton's principles influenced generations of geologists 3. More recent studies use the concept of Actualism a. Actualism - apply studies of modern processes to ancient rocks - th ...
... - English Geologist, wrote Principles of Geology (the first volume appeared in 1830) - his influential popularization of Hutton's principles influenced generations of geologists 3. More recent studies use the concept of Actualism a. Actualism - apply studies of modern processes to ancient rocks - th ...
Tectonic controls on the nature of large silicic calderas in volcanic arcs
... Silicic magma bodies stabilize the continental margin by redistributing low-density material into the upper crust. We examined the tectonic traits of 91 young, arc-related, silicic calderas to test previous assertions that the nature of voluminous silicic arc volcanism depends on specific tectonic c ...
... Silicic magma bodies stabilize the continental margin by redistributing low-density material into the upper crust. We examined the tectonic traits of 91 young, arc-related, silicic calderas to test previous assertions that the nature of voluminous silicic arc volcanism depends on specific tectonic c ...
MS Word
... Obtain a spring accelerometer (a spring scale with 500 g attached). Observe what happens to the spring accelerometer during the following events while you and your lab partners ride the elevator in Ferguson Hall from 3rd floor to 1st floor and back up to 3rd floor. Record your visual observations in ...
... Obtain a spring accelerometer (a spring scale with 500 g attached). Observe what happens to the spring accelerometer during the following events while you and your lab partners ride the elevator in Ferguson Hall from 3rd floor to 1st floor and back up to 3rd floor. Record your visual observations in ...
Pacific plate slab pull and intraplate deformation in the
... our models these are defined by the surface location of the Pacific, Izanagi, Farallon, and Kula plates and their attached lithosphere and subducting slabs (Fig. 1). The location of the plates and subducting slabs, used as an initial model starting condition, are determined using tectonic reconstruc ...
... our models these are defined by the surface location of the Pacific, Izanagi, Farallon, and Kula plates and their attached lithosphere and subducting slabs (Fig. 1). The location of the plates and subducting slabs, used as an initial model starting condition, are determined using tectonic reconstruc ...
Magnetic reversals and seafloor spreading
... dipole moment (Figure 3), over a period of a little more than a thousand years. The intensity of the magnetic dipole moment decreased by about a factor of ten during the reversal and recovered immediately after, similar to what is seen in the Earth's paleomagnetic reversal record. Our solution shows ...
... dipole moment (Figure 3), over a period of a little more than a thousand years. The intensity of the magnetic dipole moment decreased by about a factor of ten during the reversal and recovered immediately after, similar to what is seen in the Earth's paleomagnetic reversal record. Our solution shows ...
Numerical models of subduction and forearc deformation
... The accretionary wedge is a common feature of the zone overlying the megathrust (Dickinson & Seely 1979). The inner wall of the trench exhibits tightly folded sediments separated by landward-dipping thrust faults (Chase & Bunce 1969; Karig & Sharman 1975; Moore, Curray & Moore 1978) and locally seaw ...
... The accretionary wedge is a common feature of the zone overlying the megathrust (Dickinson & Seely 1979). The inner wall of the trench exhibits tightly folded sediments separated by landward-dipping thrust faults (Chase & Bunce 1969; Karig & Sharman 1975; Moore, Curray & Moore 1978) and locally seaw ...
Characteristic thermal regimes of plate tectonics
... From a geological perspective, we may break down into several components the question of when plate tectonics began on Earth. For example, we may ask when did the lithosphere first behave as a mosaic of plates—that is, a mosaic of largely torsionally rigid lithosphere elements bounded by zones of ge ...
... From a geological perspective, we may break down into several components the question of when plate tectonics began on Earth. For example, we may ask when did the lithosphere first behave as a mosaic of plates—that is, a mosaic of largely torsionally rigid lithosphere elements bounded by zones of ge ...
Initiation of the Andean orogeny by lower mantle subduction
... At ∼130 Ma, the South Atlantic ocean basin started opening, with the separation of South America from Africa. Spreading reached an average half rate of ∼2.2 cm/yr with two phases of deceleration, between ∼70 to 50 Ma, and during the last ∼10 Ma. The first phase is due to a change in the Africa motion ...
... At ∼130 Ma, the South Atlantic ocean basin started opening, with the separation of South America from Africa. Spreading reached an average half rate of ∼2.2 cm/yr with two phases of deceleration, between ∼70 to 50 Ma, and during the last ∼10 Ma. The first phase is due to a change in the Africa motion ...
An analysis of young ocean depth, gravity and global residual
... & Francheteau 1970; Davis & Lister 1974). One explanation is dynamic topography related to plate motions, such as that described by Phipps Morgan & Smith (1992). However, these viscous forces are uncompensated, so should be associated with significant gravity anomalies, which, by definition, our var ...
... & Francheteau 1970; Davis & Lister 1974). One explanation is dynamic topography related to plate motions, such as that described by Phipps Morgan & Smith (1992). However, these viscous forces are uncompensated, so should be associated with significant gravity anomalies, which, by definition, our var ...
Plate tectonics
Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin tectonicus, from the Greek: τεκτονικός ""pertaining to building"") is a scientific theory that describes the large-scale motion of Earth's lithosphere. This theoretical model builds on the concept of continental drift which was developed during the first few decades of the 20th century. The geoscientific community accepted the theory after the concepts of seafloor spreading were later developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s.The lithosphere, which is the rigid outermost shell of a planet (on Earth, the crust and upper mantle), is broken up into tectonic plates. On Earth, there are seven or eight major plates (depending on how they are defined) and many minor plates. Where plates meet, their relative motion determines the type of boundary; convergent, divergent, or transform. Earthquakes, volcanic activity, mountain-building, and oceanic trench formation occur along these plate boundaries. The lateral relative movement of the plates typically varies from zero to 100 mm annually.Tectonic plates are composed of oceanic lithosphere and thicker continental lithosphere, each topped by its own kind of crust. Along convergent boundaries, subduction carries plates into the mantle; the material lost is roughly balanced by the formation of new (oceanic) crust along divergent margins by seafloor spreading. In this way, the total surface of the globe remains the same. This prediction of plate tectonics is also referred to as the conveyor belt principle. Earlier theories (that still have some supporters) propose gradual shrinking (contraction) or gradual expansion of the globe.Tectonic plates are able to move because the Earth's lithosphere has greater strength than the underlying asthenosphere. Lateral density variations in the mantle result in convection. Plate movement is thought to be driven by a combination of the motion of the seafloor away from the spreading ridge (due to variations in topography and density of the crust, which result in differences in gravitational forces) and drag, with downward suction, at the subduction zones. Another explanation lies in the different forces generated by the rotation of the globe and the tidal forces of the Sun and Moon. The relative importance of each of these factors and their relationship to each other is unclear, and still the subject of much debate.