Unit 3 Dynamic Earth
... The broken sections of the crust are referred to as plates (tectonic). These plates fit together along Earth’s surface like a puzzle. The plates move along the surface very slowly. The upper part of the mantle acts like a plastic and is called the asthenosphere. It allows the plates to move. ...
... The broken sections of the crust are referred to as plates (tectonic). These plates fit together along Earth’s surface like a puzzle. The plates move along the surface very slowly. The upper part of the mantle acts like a plastic and is called the asthenosphere. It allows the plates to move. ...
Plates on the Move
... was compelling. But wouldn’t we feel the movement? • Also, wouldn’t there be evidence to show that the continents were still moving today? • Wegener was a meteorologist and his theory was not well accepted. (He died on an expedition in Greenland collecting ice samples) ...
... was compelling. But wouldn’t we feel the movement? • Also, wouldn’t there be evidence to show that the continents were still moving today? • Wegener was a meteorologist and his theory was not well accepted. (He died on an expedition in Greenland collecting ice samples) ...
Where is the Safest Place to Live - H
... figures in this chapter as a guide to the thicknesses of the crust and lithosphere and to the geometries typical for each type of boundary. Some features are not located along the front edge of the figure and so cannot be shown on the cross section. Draw the geometries of the plates at depth for a ...
... figures in this chapter as a guide to the thicknesses of the crust and lithosphere and to the geometries typical for each type of boundary. Some features are not located along the front edge of the figure and so cannot be shown on the cross section. Draw the geometries of the plates at depth for a ...
The Earth is Moving Big Book
... continents and how they fit together started a scientists’ hypothesis of continental drift in the early 1900’s. ...
... continents and how they fit together started a scientists’ hypothesis of continental drift in the early 1900’s. ...
Lecture 13-15 Notes: Plate Tectonics
... Recycling of oceanic crust? o Lots of geologic action in certain narrow, linear zones on Earth’s surface…maybe that’s where it’s happening (your lab!) o Most active deformation (high mountain ranges, young folds, fault offsets) appears to be occurring at these zones o [We can now image at least th ...
... Recycling of oceanic crust? o Lots of geologic action in certain narrow, linear zones on Earth’s surface…maybe that’s where it’s happening (your lab!) o Most active deformation (high mountain ranges, young folds, fault offsets) appears to be occurring at these zones o [We can now image at least th ...
What type? - El Camino College
... Earth’s volcanic and earthquake activity. This is main place where mountains are created. • Type of plate boundary determines activity. • 3 types – diverging (spreading) – converging (colliding) – transform (sliding past each other) ...
... Earth’s volcanic and earthquake activity. This is main place where mountains are created. • Type of plate boundary determines activity. • 3 types – diverging (spreading) – converging (colliding) – transform (sliding past each other) ...
Plate Tectonics - Bakersfield College
... include the East African rifts valleys and the Rhine Valley in northern Europe Produced by extensional forces acting on the lithospheric plates Not all rift valleys develop into full-fledged spreading centers ...
... include the East African rifts valleys and the Rhine Valley in northern Europe Produced by extensional forces acting on the lithospheric plates Not all rift valleys develop into full-fledged spreading centers ...
Chapter 8
... problem that can be tested by further investigation. theory 1. Common usage-a proposed explanation whose status is still conjectural, in contrast to well-established propositions that are regarded as reporting matters of actual fact. 2. Scientific usage-a more or less verified or established explana ...
... problem that can be tested by further investigation. theory 1. Common usage-a proposed explanation whose status is still conjectural, in contrast to well-established propositions that are regarded as reporting matters of actual fact. 2. Scientific usage-a more or less verified or established explana ...
Plate_Tectonics_Pangea_PowerPoint
... the crest of ridges represent divergent plate boundaries. • Rift valleys are deep faulted structures found along the axes of divergent plate boundaries. They can develop on the seafloor or on land. • Seafloor spreading produces new oceanic lithosphere. ...
... the crest of ridges represent divergent plate boundaries. • Rift valleys are deep faulted structures found along the axes of divergent plate boundaries. They can develop on the seafloor or on land. • Seafloor spreading produces new oceanic lithosphere. ...
Lecture 11 Review
... instance, Mars formed by accretion, then became hot enough for differentiation to occur. Cooling followed moderated by radiogenic cooling. Mars is smaller than the Earth and has lost more of its internal heat and its primary atmosphere. Earth is bigger than Mars and still maintains a hot interior, i ...
... instance, Mars formed by accretion, then became hot enough for differentiation to occur. Cooling followed moderated by radiogenic cooling. Mars is smaller than the Earth and has lost more of its internal heat and its primary atmosphere. Earth is bigger than Mars and still maintains a hot interior, i ...
PPT Link
... - Heat from Earth’s inner layers drives convection currents - Pushing the mantle’s soft rock up (as it warms) and down (as it cools) like a conveyor belt - The lithosphere is dragged along with the mantle - Continents have combined, separated, and recombined over millions of years • Pangaea = all la ...
... - Heat from Earth’s inner layers drives convection currents - Pushing the mantle’s soft rock up (as it warms) and down (as it cools) like a conveyor belt - The lithosphere is dragged along with the mantle - Continents have combined, separated, and recombined over millions of years • Pangaea = all la ...
Theory of Plate Tectonics
... The cold outer layer of our planet, which holds together as a rigid shell, is not made of one solid piece. Instead, this shell is broken into separate pieces, or tectonic plates (lithosphere), that slide on top of the mobile interior (asthenosphere). ...
... The cold outer layer of our planet, which holds together as a rigid shell, is not made of one solid piece. Instead, this shell is broken into separate pieces, or tectonic plates (lithosphere), that slide on top of the mobile interior (asthenosphere). ...
Quiz 4: Transform faults and Polar Wander (Ch. 4
... Quiz 4: Transform faults and Polar Wander (Ch. 4-5) 1. Typical magnetic stripes on the seafloor may be about 10-20 km wide. What factors control this width? spreading rate, duration of magnetic field stability or frequency of reversals ...
... Quiz 4: Transform faults and Polar Wander (Ch. 4-5) 1. Typical magnetic stripes on the seafloor may be about 10-20 km wide. What factors control this width? spreading rate, duration of magnetic field stability or frequency of reversals ...
Nonrenewable Resources and Energy
... together by internal forces. At most convergent plate boundaries, the oceanic lithosphere is carried downward under the island or continent. Earthquakes are common here. It also forms an ocean ridge or a mountain range. Convergent ...
... together by internal forces. At most convergent plate boundaries, the oceanic lithosphere is carried downward under the island or continent. Earthquakes are common here. It also forms an ocean ridge or a mountain range. Convergent ...
Mountain Building
... When one oceanic plate converges with another oceanic plate, one plate descends into the mantle and creates a subduction zone. As the material in the subduction zone melts, some material is forced up to the surface as magma and results in a volcano. The volcano grows until a volcanic mountain is for ...
... When one oceanic plate converges with another oceanic plate, one plate descends into the mantle and creates a subduction zone. As the material in the subduction zone melts, some material is forced up to the surface as magma and results in a volcano. The volcano grows until a volcanic mountain is for ...
Earthquake test review 8th grade Earthquake Review for
... ___________________ 1. The theory of plate tectonics suggests that Earth’s crust is broken into sections called plates. ____________________2. The uppermost portion of the mantle is liquid. ____________________3. The lower portion of the crust and the upper portion of the mantle is called the core. ...
... ___________________ 1. The theory of plate tectonics suggests that Earth’s crust is broken into sections called plates. ____________________2. The uppermost portion of the mantle is liquid. ____________________3. The lower portion of the crust and the upper portion of the mantle is called the core. ...
Preview Sample 1
... the field has reversed to create a magnetic south instead. These magnetic anomalies show the direction of this magnetic field at the time they were formed. Therefore, these bands show that the seafloor was not formed all at once, but in stages over geologic time. As new sea floor is created, seafloo ...
... the field has reversed to create a magnetic south instead. These magnetic anomalies show the direction of this magnetic field at the time they were formed. Therefore, these bands show that the seafloor was not formed all at once, but in stages over geologic time. As new sea floor is created, seafloo ...
Relamination and the Fate of Subducted Continental Material
... sediment, arc crust, and continent crust in any convergence zone. Heating of the subducted material reduces viscosity, speeds metamorphic reactions, drives devolatilization, and causes melting. Melt separation and compression of the subducted material drives composition-dependent density differences ...
... sediment, arc crust, and continent crust in any convergence zone. Heating of the subducted material reduces viscosity, speeds metamorphic reactions, drives devolatilization, and causes melting. Melt separation and compression of the subducted material drives composition-dependent density differences ...
!GLG 101-Illustrated Vocabulary-Chapter 16 !Structure of the Earth
... *is tied into the concept that the crust of the planet floats on top of a denser, semi-plastic mantle. Mountain ranges, made mostly of granite, stick up higher than surrounding plains because the crust beneath the mountains is thicker, allowing the mountains to float higher. !mantle *the layer of th ...
... *is tied into the concept that the crust of the planet floats on top of a denser, semi-plastic mantle. Mountain ranges, made mostly of granite, stick up higher than surrounding plains because the crust beneath the mountains is thicker, allowing the mountains to float higher. !mantle *the layer of th ...
nonsequitur - Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
... changes is that they reflect the melting of mantle that is locally upwelling beneath the focus of volcanism in a mantle plume • This hypothesis offers, in particular, a simple explanation for why the chains on different plates can all be viewed as being created by plates that move over multiple near ...
... changes is that they reflect the melting of mantle that is locally upwelling beneath the focus of volcanism in a mantle plume • This hypothesis offers, in particular, a simple explanation for why the chains on different plates can all be viewed as being created by plates that move over multiple near ...
Earth Movements
... these giant plates met under enormous pressure, the Himalayans were formed. Types: Natural Earthquakes caused by endogenic forces. (i) Volcanic -caused due to volcanic eruptions, e.g., Mt Etna. (ii) Tectonic -caused due to stress and strain along Earth’s plates or dislodging of rocks during faulting ...
... these giant plates met under enormous pressure, the Himalayans were formed. Types: Natural Earthquakes caused by endogenic forces. (i) Volcanic -caused due to volcanic eruptions, e.g., Mt Etna. (ii) Tectonic -caused due to stress and strain along Earth’s plates or dislodging of rocks during faulting ...
Ophiolite_ppt_presentation
... mafic rocks like basalt & gabbro. Ocean basins are composed of the ophiolite suite, a multilayered sequence of rocks. 3. Divergent plate boundaries – new crust is created – ophiolite suite 4. Convergent plate boundaries – crust is destroyed by descending into subduction zone where volcanoes are asso ...
... mafic rocks like basalt & gabbro. Ocean basins are composed of the ophiolite suite, a multilayered sequence of rocks. 3. Divergent plate boundaries – new crust is created – ophiolite suite 4. Convergent plate boundaries – crust is destroyed by descending into subduction zone where volcanoes are asso ...
Plate tectonics
Plate tectonics (from the Late Latin tectonicus, from the Greek: τεκτονικός ""pertaining to building"") is a scientific theory that describes the large-scale motion of Earth's lithosphere. This theoretical model builds on the concept of continental drift which was developed during the first few decades of the 20th century. The geoscientific community accepted the theory after the concepts of seafloor spreading were later developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s.The lithosphere, which is the rigid outermost shell of a planet (on Earth, the crust and upper mantle), is broken up into tectonic plates. On Earth, there are seven or eight major plates (depending on how they are defined) and many minor plates. Where plates meet, their relative motion determines the type of boundary; convergent, divergent, or transform. Earthquakes, volcanic activity, mountain-building, and oceanic trench formation occur along these plate boundaries. The lateral relative movement of the plates typically varies from zero to 100 mm annually.Tectonic plates are composed of oceanic lithosphere and thicker continental lithosphere, each topped by its own kind of crust. Along convergent boundaries, subduction carries plates into the mantle; the material lost is roughly balanced by the formation of new (oceanic) crust along divergent margins by seafloor spreading. In this way, the total surface of the globe remains the same. This prediction of plate tectonics is also referred to as the conveyor belt principle. Earlier theories (that still have some supporters) propose gradual shrinking (contraction) or gradual expansion of the globe.Tectonic plates are able to move because the Earth's lithosphere has greater strength than the underlying asthenosphere. Lateral density variations in the mantle result in convection. Plate movement is thought to be driven by a combination of the motion of the seafloor away from the spreading ridge (due to variations in topography and density of the crust, which result in differences in gravitational forces) and drag, with downward suction, at the subduction zones. Another explanation lies in the different forces generated by the rotation of the globe and the tidal forces of the Sun and Moon. The relative importance of each of these factors and their relationship to each other is unclear, and still the subject of much debate.