Sudden cardiac death in the young: causes and prevention
... necessitates disqualification from most competitive sports,42 with some individual exceptions made.43 However, this approach is certainly not exhaustive because many cases of SCD occur during mild or sedentary activity. Indeed, rather than unnecessarily exclude participation in all sports, the goal ...
... necessitates disqualification from most competitive sports,42 with some individual exceptions made.43 However, this approach is certainly not exhaustive because many cases of SCD occur during mild or sedentary activity. Indeed, rather than unnecessarily exclude participation in all sports, the goal ...
Is right ventricular outflow tract pacing superior to right ventricular
... but that there was no significant difference between the two groups. This conclusion correlated to that of the Protect-Pace study [11]. However, more sensitive parameters, such as Sm [13] and GLS, indicated that RVOT pacing had a protective effect on the LV systolic function though RVOT pacing did n ...
... but that there was no significant difference between the two groups. This conclusion correlated to that of the Protect-Pace study [11]. However, more sensitive parameters, such as Sm [13] and GLS, indicated that RVOT pacing had a protective effect on the LV systolic function though RVOT pacing did n ...
Point of View The Long QT Interval Syndrome
... autonomic challenges might better direct therapy. For example, patients who have induction of largeamplitude early afterdepolarizations and replication of their ventricular tachyarrhythmias during phenylephrine infusion and not during isoproterenol infusion might be better treated with a- than 3-adr ...
... autonomic challenges might better direct therapy. For example, patients who have induction of largeamplitude early afterdepolarizations and replication of their ventricular tachyarrhythmias during phenylephrine infusion and not during isoproterenol infusion might be better treated with a- than 3-adr ...
Percutaneous implantation of the left ventricular
... were prepared as for a left heart catheterization procedure according to the hospital’s standard procedures. Left ventriculography was performed in two projections (left/right anterior oblique) to confirm LV sizes measured by baseline echocardiogram. Ventricular partitioning device implant landing z ...
... were prepared as for a left heart catheterization procedure according to the hospital’s standard procedures. Left ventriculography was performed in two projections (left/right anterior oblique) to confirm LV sizes measured by baseline echocardiogram. Ventricular partitioning device implant landing z ...
Ventricular Arrhythmias – Approach to Management in Pregnancy
... • Definitive management is catheter ablation of PVCs • Medical therapy is second-line therapy, with lower chance of success. Long term outcome: • Risk of sudden death remains above baseline – reflecting vulnerable myocardial substrate? • Risk greater in those who present with very low EF (<20%) • Ov ...
... • Definitive management is catheter ablation of PVCs • Medical therapy is second-line therapy, with lower chance of success. Long term outcome: • Risk of sudden death remains above baseline – reflecting vulnerable myocardial substrate? • Risk greater in those who present with very low EF (<20%) • Ov ...
The pathophysiology of acute heart failure—Is it
... Vascular resistance and afterload mismatch Our knowledge of the hemodynamic events preceding AHF is limited by the selective use of right heart catheterization. In unselected registries such as ADHERE, the main hemodynamic observation related to AHF onset is a significant increase in BP. 5 In ADHERE ...
... Vascular resistance and afterload mismatch Our knowledge of the hemodynamic events preceding AHF is limited by the selective use of right heart catheterization. In unselected registries such as ADHERE, the main hemodynamic observation related to AHF onset is a significant increase in BP. 5 In ADHERE ...
Modelling in the study of interaction of Hemopump device and
... the pump almost as safe and convenient as the IABP. This pump may be more effective than IABP in assisting failing left ventricle [1]. In contrast to IABP, this kind of ventricular assist device is not synchronized with the patient’s ECG and therefore works properly even during arrhythmia or cardiac ...
... the pump almost as safe and convenient as the IABP. This pump may be more effective than IABP in assisting failing left ventricle [1]. In contrast to IABP, this kind of ventricular assist device is not synchronized with the patient’s ECG and therefore works properly even during arrhythmia or cardiac ...
Clinical Pathology Conference “62 year old woman with weakness
... – 94 year old male presented with a surprising find of left ventricle hypertrabeculation – Upon neurologic investigation, patient had a polyneuropathy and possible myopathy ...
... – 94 year old male presented with a surprising find of left ventricle hypertrabeculation – Upon neurologic investigation, patient had a polyneuropathy and possible myopathy ...
Holter Monitoring and Cardiac Event Recording
... cardiomyopathy10 (Figure 1) and in humans with various cardiovascular disorders.17,23 Arrhythmias not detected by routine electrocardiography may be of significant importance. Sudden cardiac death secondary to a lethal arrhythmia often occurs in animals previously “cleared” with routine electrocardi ...
... cardiomyopathy10 (Figure 1) and in humans with various cardiovascular disorders.17,23 Arrhythmias not detected by routine electrocardiography may be of significant importance. Sudden cardiac death secondary to a lethal arrhythmia often occurs in animals previously “cleared” with routine electrocardi ...
Inhaled Nitric Oxide Reduces Pulmonary Vascular Resistance More
... replacement, and another was receiving a second transplant. Preoperative medications included a combination of digoxin, diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, -blockers, and nitrates. Additionally, some patients in both groups required a continuous preoperative infusion of PGE1 and/or ...
... replacement, and another was receiving a second transplant. Preoperative medications included a combination of digoxin, diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, -blockers, and nitrates. Additionally, some patients in both groups required a continuous preoperative infusion of PGE1 and/or ...
The Clinical Value of Total Isovolumic Time
... circulations, has evolved. The function of the heart, as the central organ of this system, is to pump blood by its two ventricles to these two respective circulations. This mechanical activity is initiated by an electrical signal, which is delivered to the myocardium by specialized conduction system ...
... circulations, has evolved. The function of the heart, as the central organ of this system, is to pump blood by its two ventricles to these two respective circulations. This mechanical activity is initiated by an electrical signal, which is delivered to the myocardium by specialized conduction system ...
European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging
... during follow-up studies, it is recommended to obtain a comprehensive echocardiographic study at 6 months from the cardiac transplantation as a baseline and make a careful quantitation of cardiac chamber size, RV systolic function, both systolic and diastolic parameters of LV function, and pulmonary ...
... during follow-up studies, it is recommended to obtain a comprehensive echocardiographic study at 6 months from the cardiac transplantation as a baseline and make a careful quantitation of cardiac chamber size, RV systolic function, both systolic and diastolic parameters of LV function, and pulmonary ...
Volume Loading Slows Left Ventricular Isovolumic Relaxation Rate
... SUMMARY We studied the effects of volume loading on left ventricular isovolumic relaxation rate in 16 intact anesthetized dogs. End-diastolic pressure, mean aortic systolic pressure, dp/dt mnx, and heart rate were measured at end expiration and end inspiration. Volume loading to approximately 5, 10, ...
... SUMMARY We studied the effects of volume loading on left ventricular isovolumic relaxation rate in 16 intact anesthetized dogs. End-diastolic pressure, mean aortic systolic pressure, dp/dt mnx, and heart rate were measured at end expiration and end inspiration. Volume loading to approximately 5, 10, ...
Effect of adenosine on heart rate variability in
... to the sino–atrial node. Heart rate was recorded before and during a 5 min intravenous infusion of adenosine (140 µg:min−1:kg−1) in seven healthy men. Adenosine did not affect blood pressure, but increased heart rate by 33p6 beats/min, and reduced PT, PH, PL and PH/PT. In contrast, there was an incr ...
... to the sino–atrial node. Heart rate was recorded before and during a 5 min intravenous infusion of adenosine (140 µg:min−1:kg−1) in seven healthy men. Adenosine did not affect blood pressure, but increased heart rate by 33p6 beats/min, and reduced PT, PH, PL and PH/PT. In contrast, there was an incr ...
Noninvasive Assessment of Myocardial Composition
... conditions is an important compensatory mechanism that tends to minimize abnormalities in myocardial stress related to the inciting load.4 However, recent See p 925 studies have indicated that hypertrophied muscle differs from normal muscle in many respects, including its structure, mechanical prope ...
... conditions is an important compensatory mechanism that tends to minimize abnormalities in myocardial stress related to the inciting load.4 However, recent See p 925 studies have indicated that hypertrophied muscle differs from normal muscle in many respects, including its structure, mechanical prope ...
PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOgy - Children`s Hospital of Pittsburgh
... he Division of Pediatric Cardiology provides comprehensive clinical services to children and adults with congenital heart disease as well as to children with acquired heart disease. This clinical program includes ambulatory diagnostic services at 15 locations: the Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh o ...
... he Division of Pediatric Cardiology provides comprehensive clinical services to children and adults with congenital heart disease as well as to children with acquired heart disease. This clinical program includes ambulatory diagnostic services at 15 locations: the Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh o ...
Biophysical mechanisms of cardiac looping
... in a mirror-image pattern (situs inversus) generally face no adverse physiological consequences. However, cardiac muscle fiber architecture in these people is reversed only in the basal region of the left ventricle, leading to abnormal (not just reversed) torsion during the cardiac cycle (Delhaas et ...
... in a mirror-image pattern (situs inversus) generally face no adverse physiological consequences. However, cardiac muscle fiber architecture in these people is reversed only in the basal region of the left ventricle, leading to abnormal (not just reversed) torsion during the cardiac cycle (Delhaas et ...
you can live with heart failure!
... Another type of heart failure results from poor relaxation of the heart. In this situation, the heart muscle is often thicker and more muscular than normal, most times as a result of high blood pressure, obesity and / or diabetes. The heart contracts (squeezes) very well. The problem occurs when the ...
... Another type of heart failure results from poor relaxation of the heart. In this situation, the heart muscle is often thicker and more muscular than normal, most times as a result of high blood pressure, obesity and / or diabetes. The heart contracts (squeezes) very well. The problem occurs when the ...
Left ventricular function: time-varying elastance and left
... is highlighted by considering, for example, why afterload reduction is an excellent therapy for systolic heart failure but fails to help, and instead harms, when systolic heart failure is not the problem. ...
... is highlighted by considering, for example, why afterload reduction is an excellent therapy for systolic heart failure but fails to help, and instead harms, when systolic heart failure is not the problem. ...
Optical mapping of activation patterns in an animal - AJP
... ribonucleoproteins (6). Though more prevalent in the presence of autoimmune disorders, CHB in offspring is independent of whether the mother has systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren’s syndrome, or is totally asymptomatic (6, 26). Damage to the cardiac conduction system occurs in an otherwise norma ...
... ribonucleoproteins (6). Though more prevalent in the presence of autoimmune disorders, CHB in offspring is independent of whether the mother has systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren’s syndrome, or is totally asymptomatic (6, 26). Damage to the cardiac conduction system occurs in an otherwise norma ...
Right Ventricular Geometry and Function in Pulmonary
... Abstract: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rare disease, which still carries a poor prognosis. PH is characterized by a pressure overload on the right ventricle (RV), which develops hypertrophy, followed by a progressive failure. Accordingly, recent evidence showed that RV function has an important ...
... Abstract: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rare disease, which still carries a poor prognosis. PH is characterized by a pressure overload on the right ventricle (RV), which develops hypertrophy, followed by a progressive failure. Accordingly, recent evidence showed that RV function has an important ...
time course of isovolumetric relaxation
... while shortening takes place (isotonic shortening). When minimum length is detected, constant length is maintained while force declines (isometric relaxation) to the preload value. Constant force is then maintained while lengthening takes place (isotonic relaxation). A similar contraction pattern is ...
... while shortening takes place (isotonic shortening). When minimum length is detected, constant length is maintained while force declines (isometric relaxation) to the preload value. Constant force is then maintained while lengthening takes place (isotonic relaxation). A similar contraction pattern is ...
Antiarrhythmic Effect of Nifekalant on Atrial Tachyarrhythmia in Four
... and prevention of atrial fibrillation or flutter concomitant with heart failure. We found that intravenous nifekalant changed atrial flutter or multifocal atrial tachycardia with a rapid atrial rate to atrial tachycardia of longer cycle length and caused termination in some cases. Pure K channel blo ...
... and prevention of atrial fibrillation or flutter concomitant with heart failure. We found that intravenous nifekalant changed atrial flutter or multifocal atrial tachycardia with a rapid atrial rate to atrial tachycardia of longer cycle length and caused termination in some cases. Pure K channel blo ...
Ebstein`s Anomaly of the Tricuspid Valve
... diagnosis was made of pericarditis superimposed on a congenital malformation of the heart. A period of bed rest with salicylates and sodium bicarbonate medication was advised. Thereafter the patient's cyanosis increased progressively, and by the age of 9 years cyanosis was constantly present. Dyspne ...
... diagnosis was made of pericarditis superimposed on a congenital malformation of the heart. A period of bed rest with salicylates and sodium bicarbonate medication was advised. Thereafter the patient's cyanosis increased progressively, and by the age of 9 years cyanosis was constantly present. Dyspne ...
Document
... The term MAPCA(s) was first used by Macartney, Deverall and Scott to differentiate them from the bronchial arteries Aortopulmonary collaterals (APCs) are muscular arteries until they enter the lung parenchyma, the muscular layer is gradually replaced by elastic lamina that resembles true pulmonary a ...
... The term MAPCA(s) was first used by Macartney, Deverall and Scott to differentiate them from the bronchial arteries Aortopulmonary collaterals (APCs) are muscular arteries until they enter the lung parenchyma, the muscular layer is gradually replaced by elastic lamina that resembles true pulmonary a ...
Heart failure
Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. The terms chronic heart failure (CHF) or congestive cardiac failure (CCF) are often used interchangeably with congestive heart failure. Signs and symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and leg swelling. The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise, while lying down, and may wake the person at night. A limited ability to exercise is also a common feature.Common causes of heart failure include coronary artery disease including a previous myocardial infarction (heart attack), high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, excess alcohol use, infection, and cardiomyopathy of an unknown cause. These cause heart failure by changing either the structure or the functioning of the heart. There are two main types of heart failure: heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure with normal ejection fraction depending on if the ability of the left ventricle to contract is affected, or the heart's ability to relax. The severity of disease is usually graded by the degree of problems with exercise. Heart failure is not the same as myocardial infarction (in which part of the heart muscle dies) or cardiac arrest (in which blood flow stops altogether). Other diseases that may have symptoms similar to heart failure include obesity, kidney failure, liver problems, anemia and thyroid disease.The condition is diagnosed based on the history of the symptoms and a physical examination with confirmation by echocardiography. Blood tests, electrocardiography, and chest radiography may be useful to determine the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the disease. In people with chronic stable mild heart failure, treatment commonly consists of lifestyle modifications such as stopping smoking, physical exercise, and dietary changes, as well as medications. In those with heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers along with beta blockers are recommended. For those with severe disease, aldosterone antagonists, or hydralazine plus a nitrate may be used. Diuretics are useful for preventing fluid retention. Sometimes, depending on the cause, an implanted device such as a pacemaker or an implantable cardiac defibrillator may be recommended. In some moderate or severe cases cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may be suggested or cardiac contractility modulation may be of benefit. A ventricular assist device or occasionally a heart transplant may be recommended in those with severe disease despite all other measures.Heart failure is a common, costly, and potentially fatal condition. In developed countries, around 2% of adults have heart failure and in those over the age of 65, this increases to 6–10%. In the year after diagnosis the risk of death is about 35% after which it decreases to below 10% each year. This is similar to the risks with a number of types of cancer. In the United Kingdom the disease is the reason for 5% of emergency hospital admissions. Heart failure has been known since ancient times with the Ebers papyrus commenting on it around 1550 BCE.