Cardiac Pacemakers
... After the pacemaker is implanted, it should be evaluated by your cardiologist every 3 to 6 months with the use of a computer that will provide information about how the pacemaker is working and about the life of the battery. Such periodic checks on the battery usually give a severalmonth warning bef ...
... After the pacemaker is implanted, it should be evaluated by your cardiologist every 3 to 6 months with the use of a computer that will provide information about how the pacemaker is working and about the life of the battery. Such periodic checks on the battery usually give a severalmonth warning bef ...
Hypothermic, Closed Circuit Pericardioperfusion: A Potential
... multiple cross-sectional slices ;2 mm in thickness. These slices were photographed to demonstrate the risk zone, unstained by the blue pigment. Then these slices were incubated in triphenyltetrazolium chloride at 37°C for 10 min. The necrotic myocardium was identified as pale nonstained areas and re ...
... multiple cross-sectional slices ;2 mm in thickness. These slices were photographed to demonstrate the risk zone, unstained by the blue pigment. Then these slices were incubated in triphenyltetrazolium chloride at 37°C for 10 min. The necrotic myocardium was identified as pale nonstained areas and re ...
Respiratory modulation of heart sound morphology - AJP
... dient from the extrathoracic regions to the right atrium increases due to the lowered pleural pressure, causing an increased blood filling of the right ventricle (RV). The increased RV end-diastolic volume (EDV) leads to an increased RV stroke volume (SV) by the Frank-Starling mechanism (7). The dis ...
... dient from the extrathoracic regions to the right atrium increases due to the lowered pleural pressure, causing an increased blood filling of the right ventricle (RV). The increased RV end-diastolic volume (EDV) leads to an increased RV stroke volume (SV) by the Frank-Starling mechanism (7). The dis ...
Etiology of Sudden Death in Sports
... population, the subgroup classified as “Other” (n ¼ 43) comprised: mitral valve abnormalities/prolapse; n ¼ 7, myocardial infarction with normal coronaries; n ¼ 4, bicuspid aortic valve; n ¼ 3, aortic dissection; n ¼ 3, cocaine/steroid use; n ¼ 2, cardiac sarcoidosis; n ¼ 1, atrium septal defect (ASD ...
... population, the subgroup classified as “Other” (n ¼ 43) comprised: mitral valve abnormalities/prolapse; n ¼ 7, myocardial infarction with normal coronaries; n ¼ 4, bicuspid aortic valve; n ¼ 3, aortic dissection; n ¼ 3, cocaine/steroid use; n ¼ 2, cardiac sarcoidosis; n ¼ 1, atrium septal defect (ASD ...
Stroke Volume
... leen reviewed in previouis papers.7-10 The uiltrasouniid exatminiation-s were perfofrmed with a comm-tercially available uiltrasonioscope utilizing a 2.25mc, 0.75-inichl transducer withl a repetitioni rate of 1,000 imptulses per secon-id. For recordinig the echoes, the "slow sweep" or "time-motion" ...
... leen reviewed in previouis papers.7-10 The uiltrasouniid exatminiation-s were perfofrmed with a comm-tercially available uiltrasonioscope utilizing a 2.25mc, 0.75-inichl transducer withl a repetitioni rate of 1,000 imptulses per secon-id. For recordinig the echoes, the "slow sweep" or "time-motion" ...
Cardiac Interpretation of Pediatric Chest X-Ray
... It is easy to be overwhelmed with a prominent pathology on a chest X-ray thus overlooking more subtle changes; therefore, it is imperative to conduct interpretation of chest X-ray carefully and systematically considering the following issues. Heart size: The size of the heart represents all that lie ...
... It is easy to be overwhelmed with a prominent pathology on a chest X-ray thus overlooking more subtle changes; therefore, it is imperative to conduct interpretation of chest X-ray carefully and systematically considering the following issues. Heart size: The size of the heart represents all that lie ...
Continuously transverse scanning of fetal heart for comprehensive
... malformation of arterial ring. As a result, this research also suggests to use the 3VT plane to instead of the independent sections of ductus arch and aortic arch [19, 20]. Being one section of the continuously scanned sections of fetal heart, it can help to observe the great vessels structure of fe ...
... malformation of arterial ring. As a result, this research also suggests to use the 3VT plane to instead of the independent sections of ductus arch and aortic arch [19, 20]. Being one section of the continuously scanned sections of fetal heart, it can help to observe the great vessels structure of fe ...
Arrhythmia Diagnosis and Management
... • QRS: usually widened because this is usually associated with a bundle branch block. • Conduction: P-R interval may be normal or prolonged, but it is constant until one P wave is not conducted to the ventricles. • Rhythm: usually regular when AV conduction ratios are constant • This block usually o ...
... • QRS: usually widened because this is usually associated with a bundle branch block. • Conduction: P-R interval may be normal or prolonged, but it is constant until one P wave is not conducted to the ventricles. • Rhythm: usually regular when AV conduction ratios are constant • This block usually o ...
Green tea extract catechin improves internal cardiac muscle
... Background: Diastolic dysfunction refers to an impaired relaxation and an abnormality in a heart’s filling during diastole while left ventricular systolic function is preserved. Diastolic dysfunction is commonly observed in patients with primary hypertension, diabetes and cardiomyopathies such as hy ...
... Background: Diastolic dysfunction refers to an impaired relaxation and an abnormality in a heart’s filling during diastole while left ventricular systolic function is preserved. Diastolic dysfunction is commonly observed in patients with primary hypertension, diabetes and cardiomyopathies such as hy ...
Exercise Test Review Article
... complex, and a Dutch group have proposed a score based on composite changes in the Q, R, and S waves in two leads (aVF, V5). These investigators reported a sensitivity of 88·2% and a specificity of 84·8% for coronary artery disease, compared with values for ST depression of 54·9% and 83%, respective ...
... complex, and a Dutch group have proposed a score based on composite changes in the Q, R, and S waves in two leads (aVF, V5). These investigators reported a sensitivity of 88·2% and a specificity of 84·8% for coronary artery disease, compared with values for ST depression of 54·9% and 83%, respective ...
Heart Rate Variability in Time Domain after Acute Myocardial Infarction
... circulating catecholamines interact with the three major mechanisms involved in the generation of arrhythmias: [I] Enhanced automaticity; cntccholnmincs iiicrcase the slow inward calcium currents in phase 4 of the action potcntial of paccmaker cells. Infarcted myocardium with abnormal elcctrophysiol ...
... circulating catecholamines interact with the three major mechanisms involved in the generation of arrhythmias: [I] Enhanced automaticity; cntccholnmincs iiicrcase the slow inward calcium currents in phase 4 of the action potcntial of paccmaker cells. Infarcted myocardium with abnormal elcctrophysiol ...
The heart rate story
... fingers on the head, hands, stomach or arms he is examining the heart as all limbs contain its vessels: thus the heart speaks with every limb through the vessels’. This highly advanced theory was indeed a very modern one as we believe that the heart rate and the consequently generated endothelial she ...
... fingers on the head, hands, stomach or arms he is examining the heart as all limbs contain its vessels: thus the heart speaks with every limb through the vessels’. This highly advanced theory was indeed a very modern one as we believe that the heart rate and the consequently generated endothelial she ...
Idiopathic ventricular tachycardia arising from the right ventricular apex
... He had neither past cardiac history nor family history of sudden death. Twelve-lead ECG in sinus rhythm revealed no acute coronary ischaemia (Figure 1A) with no evidence of pre-excitation. He underwent an echocardiogram, a right and left heart catheterization, a cardiac CT, and a magnetic resonance ...
... He had neither past cardiac history nor family history of sudden death. Twelve-lead ECG in sinus rhythm revealed no acute coronary ischaemia (Figure 1A) with no evidence of pre-excitation. He underwent an echocardiogram, a right and left heart catheterization, a cardiac CT, and a magnetic resonance ...
ABSTRACT Athletic performance tests the limits of the human body
... high strain on the right ventricle (RV), which over time, may lead to a proarrhythmic state resembling right (or less often) left ventricular cardiomyopathy. This can develop even in the absence of underlying demonstrable genetic abnormalities, probably just as a result of excessive RV wall stress d ...
... high strain on the right ventricle (RV), which over time, may lead to a proarrhythmic state resembling right (or less often) left ventricular cardiomyopathy. This can develop even in the absence of underlying demonstrable genetic abnormalities, probably just as a result of excessive RV wall stress d ...
Imaging the motion of the heart with
... is usually interpreted in terms of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) where normal LVEF = (stroke volume)/(end-diastolic volume) falls in the 50% or greater range. No analogous simple, dimensionless parameter of diastolic function has been proposed. To appreciate the meaning of “diastolic fun ...
... is usually interpreted in terms of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) where normal LVEF = (stroke volume)/(end-diastolic volume) falls in the 50% or greater range. No analogous simple, dimensionless parameter of diastolic function has been proposed. To appreciate the meaning of “diastolic fun ...
Effect of Altitude on the Heart and the Lungs
... Chronic right ventricular pressure overload may play a part in reducing left ventricular stroke volume. Pericardial constraint modulates the ventricular stroke volumes.25 When the right ventricle dilates in response to increased pulmonary vascular resistance, the left ventricular diastolic volume is ...
... Chronic right ventricular pressure overload may play a part in reducing left ventricular stroke volume. Pericardial constraint modulates the ventricular stroke volumes.25 When the right ventricle dilates in response to increased pulmonary vascular resistance, the left ventricular diastolic volume is ...
Sleep Apnea in Heart Failure Increases Heart Rate Variability and
... norepinephrine,18 overnight urinary norepinephrine,18-20 increased cardiac and total body tritiated norepinephrine spillover rate19 and awake muscle sympathetic nerve activity.21 Whether sympathetic activation increases progressively during sleep in the presence of breathing abnormalities or whether ...
... norepinephrine,18 overnight urinary norepinephrine,18-20 increased cardiac and total body tritiated norepinephrine spillover rate19 and awake muscle sympathetic nerve activity.21 Whether sympathetic activation increases progressively during sleep in the presence of breathing abnormalities or whether ...
Left Ventricular Systolic Function is Sensitive to Cycle
... index of ventricular cycle-length irregularity, the ratio of preceding R-R interval to pre-preceding R-R interval (RRp/RRpp). This study was designed to elucidate the relationship between the RRp/RRpp ratio and LV function, and to identify factors which influence the relationship. Methods: Beat-to-b ...
... index of ventricular cycle-length irregularity, the ratio of preceding R-R interval to pre-preceding R-R interval (RRp/RRpp). This study was designed to elucidate the relationship between the RRp/RRpp ratio and LV function, and to identify factors which influence the relationship. Methods: Beat-to-b ...
Correlation of Echocardiographic Left Ventricular Mass Index and
... the hypertrophied heart is particularly predisposed to morbid events. It is prone to angina, myocardial infarction, arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. LVH is prognostic indicator of future events in hypertensive patients. various modalities are available to detect it. ECG and Echocardigraphy are ...
... the hypertrophied heart is particularly predisposed to morbid events. It is prone to angina, myocardial infarction, arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. LVH is prognostic indicator of future events in hypertensive patients. various modalities are available to detect it. ECG and Echocardigraphy are ...
Female athlete's heart: Systolic and diastolic function related to circulatory dimensions
... abstinence. All participants underwent a maximal upright bicycle cardiopulmonary exercise test including a 6-min steady state workload of 100 W followed by a continuous increment in workload of 10 W each minute until exhaustion, using an electrically braked bicycle ergometer (eBike Basic, GE Medical ...
... abstinence. All participants underwent a maximal upright bicycle cardiopulmonary exercise test including a 6-min steady state workload of 100 W followed by a continuous increment in workload of 10 W each minute until exhaustion, using an electrically braked bicycle ergometer (eBike Basic, GE Medical ...
Understanding Heart Failure
... the heart that can occur due to heart failure. Short-term side effects of ACE inhibitors and ARBs may include dizziness and/or weakness. Some people develop a chronic cough. If these symptoms don’t stop or get worse, let your doctor know. Your medicine or dosage can be adjusted to limit side effects ...
... the heart that can occur due to heart failure. Short-term side effects of ACE inhibitors and ARBs may include dizziness and/or weakness. Some people develop a chronic cough. If these symptoms don’t stop or get worse, let your doctor know. Your medicine or dosage can be adjusted to limit side effects ...
Tricuspid regurgitation in a child after closure of a
... improved the histopathological classification of the pulmonary lesions to indicate pulmonary vascular disease. At present, it is necessary to mention an important condition. Frequently we speak of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH), but it should be understood that it is the manifestation of the de ...
... improved the histopathological classification of the pulmonary lesions to indicate pulmonary vascular disease. At present, it is necessary to mention an important condition. Frequently we speak of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH), but it should be understood that it is the manifestation of the de ...
Chest Roentgenogram in the Evaluation of Heart Defects in
... ABSTRACT. Objectives. To evaluate the reproducibility and the accuracy of pediatric radiologists’ assessments of chest radiographs with respect to the presence or absence of heart defects in children with an asymptomatic heart murmur. Design. Ninety-eight children, ages 1 month to 15 years (median, ...
... ABSTRACT. Objectives. To evaluate the reproducibility and the accuracy of pediatric radiologists’ assessments of chest radiographs with respect to the presence or absence of heart defects in children with an asymptomatic heart murmur. Design. Ninety-eight children, ages 1 month to 15 years (median, ...
Review - p - the Health Science Program
... Pericardium is built by two layers of connective tissue. The outside layer is called parietal pericardium and the inner layer is called visceral pericardium or epicardium. Two layers of pericardium are separated by a thin layer of fluid to prevent friction. These layers and the fluid between them ar ...
... Pericardium is built by two layers of connective tissue. The outside layer is called parietal pericardium and the inner layer is called visceral pericardium or epicardium. Two layers of pericardium are separated by a thin layer of fluid to prevent friction. These layers and the fluid between them ar ...
Assessment of systemic right ventricular function using tissue
... Introduction. Difficulties in the echocardiographic assessment of single ventricle function, particularly with right ventricular morphology, prompt to use different available echocardiographic techniques. Echocardiographic evaluation of the degree of hemodynamic disturbances affecting systemic ventr ...
... Introduction. Difficulties in the echocardiographic assessment of single ventricle function, particularly with right ventricular morphology, prompt to use different available echocardiographic techniques. Echocardiographic evaluation of the degree of hemodynamic disturbances affecting systemic ventr ...
Heart failure
Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. The terms chronic heart failure (CHF) or congestive cardiac failure (CCF) are often used interchangeably with congestive heart failure. Signs and symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and leg swelling. The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise, while lying down, and may wake the person at night. A limited ability to exercise is also a common feature.Common causes of heart failure include coronary artery disease including a previous myocardial infarction (heart attack), high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, excess alcohol use, infection, and cardiomyopathy of an unknown cause. These cause heart failure by changing either the structure or the functioning of the heart. There are two main types of heart failure: heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure with normal ejection fraction depending on if the ability of the left ventricle to contract is affected, or the heart's ability to relax. The severity of disease is usually graded by the degree of problems with exercise. Heart failure is not the same as myocardial infarction (in which part of the heart muscle dies) or cardiac arrest (in which blood flow stops altogether). Other diseases that may have symptoms similar to heart failure include obesity, kidney failure, liver problems, anemia and thyroid disease.The condition is diagnosed based on the history of the symptoms and a physical examination with confirmation by echocardiography. Blood tests, electrocardiography, and chest radiography may be useful to determine the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the disease. In people with chronic stable mild heart failure, treatment commonly consists of lifestyle modifications such as stopping smoking, physical exercise, and dietary changes, as well as medications. In those with heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers along with beta blockers are recommended. For those with severe disease, aldosterone antagonists, or hydralazine plus a nitrate may be used. Diuretics are useful for preventing fluid retention. Sometimes, depending on the cause, an implanted device such as a pacemaker or an implantable cardiac defibrillator may be recommended. In some moderate or severe cases cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may be suggested or cardiac contractility modulation may be of benefit. A ventricular assist device or occasionally a heart transplant may be recommended in those with severe disease despite all other measures.Heart failure is a common, costly, and potentially fatal condition. In developed countries, around 2% of adults have heart failure and in those over the age of 65, this increases to 6–10%. In the year after diagnosis the risk of death is about 35% after which it decreases to below 10% each year. This is similar to the risks with a number of types of cancer. In the United Kingdom the disease is the reason for 5% of emergency hospital admissions. Heart failure has been known since ancient times with the Ebers papyrus commenting on it around 1550 BCE.