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Lecture Notes
Lecture Notes

... arteries. This test revealed minimal plaque in her left carotid artery. Although not imminent, her physician explained that an excessive build-up of plaque may cause a(n) (myocardial infarction, stroke, aneurysm). ...
Direct Current Cardioversion
Direct Current Cardioversion

... heart rate to normal rhythm with the use of electric shock. Depending on the situation, it may be used as an elective or emergency procedure. Importance of the Procedure DCV can quickly abolish arrhythmias to resume a normal rhythm. Common indications are atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, suprave ...
Cardiovascular Disorders
Cardiovascular Disorders

... Decrease work load on heart Prophylactic measures Other methods – Diet – Drugs ...
Cardiovascular Disorders
Cardiovascular Disorders

... • You may work together – If you work in a group, you can turn in one paper! – You must be present in class to get credit! ...
Cardiovascular Disorders
Cardiovascular Disorders

... • You may work together – If you work in a group, you can turn in one paper! – You must be present in class to get credit! ...
1 2 Heart structure and cardiac cycle
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Cardiac Biomarkers - Clinician`s Brief
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In-hosptial initiation of CVP meds
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pediatric cardiac disease notes
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Congenital Cardiovascular Defects
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How an Echocardiogram is Performed
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... Echocardiograms are performed by placing a transducer on the chest and aiming it at the heart. The transducer transmits and receives sound waves that bounce off the heart. A computer compiles these returning sound waves, or echoes, and turns them into a picture of the heart. In some cases, the pictu ...
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Polyunsaturated fatty acids in canine heart disease
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... compensate for the reduction in cardiac output. These compensatory mechanisms lead to cardiac remodeling and may contribute to the worsening of cardiac function. Human studies have indicated that inflammation and changes in myocyte metabolism may play an important role in this part of disease progre ...
Atrial Fibrillation (AF)
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... rhythm to normal. A pacemaker will prevent slow heart beating while an individual is taking antiarrhythmic drugs. Infrequently, the rate support will reduce the amount of AF but pacemakers are not an effective therapy alone. Catheter ablation or surgery entails using a physical modality to treat AF. ...
To Stent or Not To Stent: Focusing on the ISCHEMIA Trial to
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Heart Health
Heart Health

... High-Density Lipoproteins, or HDL. Studies have shown that people with a relatively high amount of LDL, or “bad” cholesterol in their blood are more likely to develop heart disease. LDL cholesterol can build up along your artery walls, potentially stopping blood from traveling to your heart or brain ...
Human Anatomy and Physiology II Lab
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... of LDL (bad) cholesterol, HDL (good) cholesterol and triglycerides. It's possible to have borderline-high total cholesterol numbers with normal levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol balanced by high HDL (good) cholesterol. Work with your doctor to create a prevention and treatment plan that's right for yo ...
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Cardiovascular Disorders and Trace Minerals
Cardiovascular Disorders and Trace Minerals

... ders, and there are many causes, including a ...
Heart Sound Analysis: Theory, Techniques and Applications
Heart Sound Analysis: Theory, Techniques and Applications

... and the size of the network were evaluated Training was conducted using 2/3 of the data using errorminimization procedure The NN estimations were averaged for series of beats and compared to the measured PAP ...
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Cardiovascular disease



Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs are stroke, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, congenital heart disease, endocarditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease and venous thrombosis.The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease in question. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable. Prevention of atherosclerosis is by decreasing risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating high blood pressure and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The effect of the use of aspirin in people who are otherwise healthy is of unclear benefit. The United States Preventive Services Task Force recommends against its use for prevention in women less than 55 and men less than 45 years old; however, in those who are older it is recommends in some individuals. Treatment of those who have CVD improves outcomes.Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together they resulted in 17.3 million deaths (31.5%) in 2013 up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Disease onset is typically seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.
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