Radiation Processes in High Energy Astrophysics
... if IC losses dominate over synchrotron losses K-N effect makes electron spectrum harder ( => -1) but gamma-ray spectrum steeper (-1+1 -> ) for IC -rays it operates twice in opposite ways => hard -ray spectrum for Synchrotron it works only once => very hard synchrotron spectrum if synchrotron l ...
... if IC losses dominate over synchrotron losses K-N effect makes electron spectrum harder ( => -1) but gamma-ray spectrum steeper (-1+1 -> ) for IC -rays it operates twice in opposite ways => hard -ray spectrum for Synchrotron it works only once => very hard synchrotron spectrum if synchrotron l ...
The Quadrupole Cusp: A Universal Accelerator, or From Radiation
... • Now that we know there are trapping regions of the cusp, e.g. periodic orbits, we can display those orbits with a Poincaré section. Then we can potentially demonstrate the invariant tori and chaotic orbits. • Unfortunately, I only realized the advantage of this approach after plotting 4000 traject ...
... • Now that we know there are trapping regions of the cusp, e.g. periodic orbits, we can display those orbits with a Poincaré section. Then we can potentially demonstrate the invariant tori and chaotic orbits. • Unfortunately, I only realized the advantage of this approach after plotting 4000 traject ...
Talk
... pitch angle distribution of accelerated/injected electrons Time profile components and e-folding deconvolution : separation of direct-precipitating and trap-precipiting electrons ...
... pitch angle distribution of accelerated/injected electrons Time profile components and e-folding deconvolution : separation of direct-precipitating and trap-precipiting electrons ...
Heaven on Earth - Max-Planck
... with colleagues from the Weizmann Institute in Rehovot, Israel. With up to a thousand “images” per second, EMU can now register the momentum and molecular mass of all products for individual dissociation reactions – a major technological feat. This data can be used to reconstruct the processes that ...
... with colleagues from the Weizmann Institute in Rehovot, Israel. With up to a thousand “images” per second, EMU can now register the momentum and molecular mass of all products for individual dissociation reactions – a major technological feat. This data can be used to reconstruct the processes that ...
levitation - Duke Mathematics
... is a good diamagnetic material, but also because they fit easily inside a tubeshaped Bitter electromagnet. Bitter electromagnets* use a very large electric current to create an extremely strong magnetic field which magnetizes the frog in such a way that its magnetization is in the opposite direction ...
... is a good diamagnetic material, but also because they fit easily inside a tubeshaped Bitter electromagnet. Bitter electromagnets* use a very large electric current to create an extremely strong magnetic field which magnetizes the frog in such a way that its magnetization is in the opposite direction ...
Astronomy 100 Tuesday, Thursday 2:30
... • The mass of a White Dwarf can not exceed approximately 1.4 Solar Masses • Called the Chandrasekhar Limit • Electrons would have velocities greater than the speed of light ...
... • The mass of a White Dwarf can not exceed approximately 1.4 Solar Masses • Called the Chandrasekhar Limit • Electrons would have velocities greater than the speed of light ...
File - YEAR 11 EBSS PHYSICS DETAILED STUDIES
... But how is the mass turned into energy? This is done at the center, or core, of the sun, and is achieved through the process known as nuclear fusion. A nuclear fusion reaction occurs when two nuclei (hydrogen nuclei in the case of our sun) fuse together creating a new nucleus (helium), this re ...
... But how is the mass turned into energy? This is done at the center, or core, of the sun, and is achieved through the process known as nuclear fusion. A nuclear fusion reaction occurs when two nuclei (hydrogen nuclei in the case of our sun) fuse together creating a new nucleus (helium), this re ...
Section_32_Magnetic_..
... fixed for all time, and the magnetic field lines are co-moving with the fluid. This is not the case in resisitive MHD. Now the fluid can slip through the field, and the field lines no longer have integrity in time. Their topology can change. This process is called magnetic reconnection (although why ...
... fixed for all time, and the magnetic field lines are co-moving with the fluid. This is not the case in resisitive MHD. Now the fluid can slip through the field, and the field lines no longer have integrity in time. Their topology can change. This process is called magnetic reconnection (although why ...
PHY418 Particle Astrophysics - Particle Physics and Particle
... same way in Galactic magnetic field and in source magnetic field • if source can only confine particles up to rigidity Rmax, then maximum particle ...
... same way in Galactic magnetic field and in source magnetic field • if source can only confine particles up to rigidity Rmax, then maximum particle ...
GAMMA-RAY EMISSION IN PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES DUE TO
... Introduction: On Earth, relativistic electrons can accelerate inside thunderstorms due to large scale electric fields, producing x-ray and gamma ray radiation as they propagate [1]. Figure 1 shows the effective drag force acting on an electron as it moves through Earth’s atmosphere at STP [2]. The s ...
... Introduction: On Earth, relativistic electrons can accelerate inside thunderstorms due to large scale electric fields, producing x-ray and gamma ray radiation as they propagate [1]. Figure 1 shows the effective drag force acting on an electron as it moves through Earth’s atmosphere at STP [2]. The s ...
On the origin of the fast solar wind in polar coronal funnels
... regions (white regions in Fig. 1) the plasma is hot and the magnetic field is weak, i.e., our low-beta assumption is not a very good one, especially near the points (x = ±L/2, z = hb ). The magnetic field there is inaccurate and the boundary between open and closed field lines is somewhat shifted by ...
... regions (white regions in Fig. 1) the plasma is hot and the magnetic field is weak, i.e., our low-beta assumption is not a very good one, especially near the points (x = ±L/2, z = hb ). The magnetic field there is inaccurate and the boundary between open and closed field lines is somewhat shifted by ...
Experimental Evidence for a Reduction in Electron Thermal
... significant impact on the value of !e . Instead, there is now a choice of model for the electron thermal diffusion which can often be informed by physical effects expected in the system [11,12]. An uncertainty estimate is made for each of the quantities in Eq. (1) and propagated through the !e fit b ...
... significant impact on the value of !e . Instead, there is now a choice of model for the electron thermal diffusion which can often be informed by physical effects expected in the system [11,12]. An uncertainty estimate is made for each of the quantities in Eq. (1) and propagated through the !e fit b ...
The impact of black holes on the Universe
... • Inner annuli rotate faster than outer annuli • Each annulus has work done on it by annulus inside it, and does work on annulus outside it • The difference between work done on an annulus and the work the annulus does turns out to give a power ...
... • Inner annuli rotate faster than outer annuli • Each annulus has work done on it by annulus inside it, and does work on annulus outside it • The difference between work done on an annulus and the work the annulus does turns out to give a power ...
GLAGOLEVSKIJ, GERTH
... Owing to a duality of the solution, two variants of models are considered, first, if the obliqueness angle between the axes of rotation and dipole is small, and second, if is large. In every case the decision has been made in favor of the best fit to the observational data by least squares optim ...
... Owing to a duality of the solution, two variants of models are considered, first, if the obliqueness angle between the axes of rotation and dipole is small, and second, if is large. In every case the decision has been made in favor of the best fit to the observational data by least squares optim ...
Lecture 9 - Angular Momentum Transport o
... The planets differ in composition. Their composition varies roughly with distance from the Sun: dense, metal-rich planets are in the inner part and giant, hydrogen-rich planets are in the outer part. Meteorites differ in chemical and geologic properties from the planets and the Moon. The Sun and mos ...
... The planets differ in composition. Their composition varies roughly with distance from the Sun: dense, metal-rich planets are in the inner part and giant, hydrogen-rich planets are in the outer part. Meteorites differ in chemical and geologic properties from the planets and the Moon. The Sun and mos ...
Full text - terrapub
... The ASPERA ion composition spectrometer made it possible to measure the distribution of different ion species. It was shown (Lundin et al., 1990; Norberg et al., 1993) that the inner magnetosphere of Mars is filled not only by O+-ions but contains also a substantial admixture of molecular ions (O2+, ...
... The ASPERA ion composition spectrometer made it possible to measure the distribution of different ion species. It was shown (Lundin et al., 1990; Norberg et al., 1993) that the inner magnetosphere of Mars is filled not only by O+-ions but contains also a substantial admixture of molecular ions (O2+, ...
b - GPSM
... Launched in July – August 2000, after a failed start in June 1996. The tetrahedron configuration allows the derivation of the current density vector, J. By using electric field, E, information from several instruments it is possible to improve on the reliability of E in the arc generator regio ...
... Launched in July – August 2000, after a failed start in June 1996. The tetrahedron configuration allows the derivation of the current density vector, J. By using electric field, E, information from several instruments it is possible to improve on the reliability of E in the arc generator regio ...
charlton
... THE SOLUTION Magnetic Adiabatic Collimation with Electrostatic Filter - the MAC-E Filter Exploits the properties of charged particle orbits in slowly-varying (in magnitude) magnetic fields ...
... THE SOLUTION Magnetic Adiabatic Collimation with Electrostatic Filter - the MAC-E Filter Exploits the properties of charged particle orbits in slowly-varying (in magnitude) magnetic fields ...
Name: Period: ______ Date: Fission and Fusion Simulations Fission
... You may want to keep this window open, as you’ll come back to it later. http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/nuclear-fission Click on the tab for Nuclear Chain Reaction. 4. Toggle so there is 1 single nucleus of U-235. Press the red button to shoot a neutron into it and describe what happens. ...
... You may want to keep this window open, as you’ll come back to it later. http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/nuclear-fission Click on the tab for Nuclear Chain Reaction. 4. Toggle so there is 1 single nucleus of U-235. Press the red button to shoot a neutron into it and describe what happens. ...
Document
... – Mean time for an A nucleus to fuse with a B is: tA = 1/ nB
– Hence, the total fusion rate per unit volume is:
RAB = nAnB
...
... – Mean time for an A nucleus to fuse with a B is: tA = 1/ nB
2006ph607chaptertwo
... b) What happens at the centre of a star as the e is increased The electrons are so crowded in position space (r ) that it is not possible to squeeze in an additional electron to this region of position space, unless its momentum is significantly different so that it occupies a different region of ...
... b) What happens at the centre of a star as the e is increased The electrons are so crowded in position space (r ) that it is not possible to squeeze in an additional electron to this region of position space, unless its momentum is significantly different so that it occupies a different region of ...
1 Energy dissipation in astrophysical plasmas
... Are a combination of MHD and acoustic waves.we distinguish between fast and slow mode waves. Both kinds of waves form shocks and dissipate like sound waves, with ohmic dissipation as an additional energy source. Fast–waves can transport energy in all directions. In regions where va À vs they propaga ...
... Are a combination of MHD and acoustic waves.we distinguish between fast and slow mode waves. Both kinds of waves form shocks and dissipate like sound waves, with ohmic dissipation as an additional energy source. Fast–waves can transport energy in all directions. In regions where va À vs they propaga ...
Summary of work for Period 1 - Research Center for Astronomy
... The project will have fully achieved its objectives when the remaining milestones (a – c) have been reached and the respective finalized numerical codes (a, c) are made publicly available for use and citation by the interested researcher. The anticipated impact of a successful SoME‐UFo project wil ...
... The project will have fully achieved its objectives when the remaining milestones (a – c) have been reached and the respective finalized numerical codes (a, c) are made publicly available for use and citation by the interested researcher. The anticipated impact of a successful SoME‐UFo project wil ...
Chapter 15. The Chandrasekhar Limit, Iron-56 and Core
... Iron core. It cannot go beyond iron, because 56 F e is the most stable atom, in terms of binding energy per nucleon (see slide accompanying the lecture). It represents the dividing point between fission and fusion as sources of nuclear energy. Lighter atoms can be fused together to form more massive ...
... Iron core. It cannot go beyond iron, because 56 F e is the most stable atom, in terms of binding energy per nucleon (see slide accompanying the lecture). It represents the dividing point between fission and fusion as sources of nuclear energy. Lighter atoms can be fused together to form more massive ...
Polywell
The polywell is a type of nuclear fusion reactor that uses an electric field to heat ions to fusion conditions. It is closely related to the magnetic mirror, the fusor, the biconic cusp and the high beta fusion reactor. A set of electromagnets generates a magnetic field which traps electrons. This creates a negative voltage, which attracts positive ions. As the ions accelerate towards the negative center, their kinetic energy rises. If the ions collide in the center, they can fuse.The polywell is one of many devices that use an electric field to heat ions to fusion conditions. This branch of fusion research is known as inertial electrostatic confinement. The polywell was developed by Robert Bussard, as an improvement over the fusor. His company, EMC2, Inc., developed the initial devices for the U.S. Navy.