Speciation: more likely through a genetic or through a learned
... there are other ways to model a genetically based preference (e.g. Kawecki 1996, 1997). A possibility that has received less attention is that individuals may develop a preference for the habitat they have experienced at a young age. Such a learned preference for habitat or host features is known to ...
... there are other ways to model a genetically based preference (e.g. Kawecki 1996, 1997). A possibility that has received less attention is that individuals may develop a preference for the habitat they have experienced at a young age. Such a learned preference for habitat or host features is known to ...
The geography of introgression in a patchy environment and the
... traits/loci tends to coincide with habitat variables (producing Genetic-Environment Association or GEA), genetic differentiation at neutral loci unlinked to any selected locus rather depends on geographic connectivity at a large scale (e.g. IsolationBy-Distance or IBD), although these loci often dis ...
... traits/loci tends to coincide with habitat variables (producing Genetic-Environment Association or GEA), genetic differentiation at neutral loci unlinked to any selected locus rather depends on geographic connectivity at a large scale (e.g. IsolationBy-Distance or IBD), although these loci often dis ...
The geography of introgression in a patchy
... traits/loci tends to coincide with habitat variables (producing Genetic-Environment Association or GEA), genetic differentiation at neutral loci unlinked to any selected locus rather depends on geographic connectivity at a large scale (e.g. IsolationBy-Distance or IBD), although these loci often dis ...
... traits/loci tends to coincide with habitat variables (producing Genetic-Environment Association or GEA), genetic differentiation at neutral loci unlinked to any selected locus rather depends on geographic connectivity at a large scale (e.g. IsolationBy-Distance or IBD), although these loci often dis ...
thalassaemia mutations in Sardinians
... The results of this study confirm that the most prevalent thalassaemia mutation in Sardinians is the 13039 mutant,3 4 which accounts for 95% of thalassaemia chromosomes. In the remainder, we detected the frameshift at codon 6 in 2*2%, the 13+ IVS-1, nt 110 in 0*4%, and the IVS-2, nt 745 in 0.4%. The ...
... The results of this study confirm that the most prevalent thalassaemia mutation in Sardinians is the 13039 mutant,3 4 which accounts for 95% of thalassaemia chromosomes. In the remainder, we detected the frameshift at codon 6 in 2*2%, the 13+ IVS-1, nt 110 in 0*4%, and the IVS-2, nt 745 in 0.4%. The ...
Why and how do we age? - American Federation for Aging Research
... accidents guarantee that there are always more younger individuals reproducing than older ones. Genes and mutations that have harmful effects that appear only after reproduction is over do not affect reproductive success and therefore can be passed on to future generations. In 1952, Peter Medawar pr ...
... accidents guarantee that there are always more younger individuals reproducing than older ones. Genes and mutations that have harmful effects that appear only after reproduction is over do not affect reproductive success and therefore can be passed on to future generations. In 1952, Peter Medawar pr ...
Genetic Testing for Non-Cancerous Inheritable Diseases
... b. When the patient is the reproductive partner of a known carrier (disease-causing mutation of gene HBB, HBA1, or HBA2) and the couple has the capacity and intention to reproduce. N. Because of the rapidly evolving field of genetic testing, this policy does not address every genetic test available ...
... b. When the patient is the reproductive partner of a known carrier (disease-causing mutation of gene HBB, HBA1, or HBA2) and the couple has the capacity and intention to reproduce. N. Because of the rapidly evolving field of genetic testing, this policy does not address every genetic test available ...
The Study of Genetics: A Historical Perspective Ross Edwards
... hybridization' did not receive much attention until the early 20th century when it was allegedly rediscovered by three scientists: Hugo de Vries, Carl Correns, and Erik Von Tschermak. From this re-discovery arose the birth of modern genetics, which was studied by pioneers like William Bateson (who e ...
... hybridization' did not receive much attention until the early 20th century when it was allegedly rediscovered by three scientists: Hugo de Vries, Carl Correns, and Erik Von Tschermak. From this re-discovery arose the birth of modern genetics, which was studied by pioneers like William Bateson (who e ...
SICB 2009 Annual Meeting Abstracts
... polypteriform fishes Fishes are found in a variety of habitats: from open water to extremely vegetated areas. Highly elongated fishes are often found in structured habitats and appear to use these structures to propel themselves while swimming. Previous studies have shown that limbless lizards and s ...
... polypteriform fishes Fishes are found in a variety of habitats: from open water to extremely vegetated areas. Highly elongated fishes are often found in structured habitats and appear to use these structures to propel themselves while swimming. Previous studies have shown that limbless lizards and s ...
Tearing down barriers: understanding the
... Although not essential for plant growth, in terrestrial The establishment and maintenance of a new polyploid lineage plants, Cd is readily absorbed by roots and translocated into is challenging since various difficulties need to be dealt with, aerial organs while, in acquatic plants, it is directly ...
... Although not essential for plant growth, in terrestrial The establishment and maintenance of a new polyploid lineage plants, Cd is readily absorbed by roots and translocated into is challenging since various difficulties need to be dealt with, aerial organs while, in acquatic plants, it is directly ...
How much do genetic covariances alter the rate of adaptation?
... rate of adaptation, though the quality and heterogeneity of the data limit the certainty of this result. There are some examples in which covariances strongly constrain the rate of adaptation but these are balanced by counter examples in which covariances facilitate the rate of adaptation; in many c ...
... rate of adaptation, though the quality and heterogeneity of the data limit the certainty of this result. There are some examples in which covariances strongly constrain the rate of adaptation but these are balanced by counter examples in which covariances facilitate the rate of adaptation; in many c ...
Artificial selection on flowering time: influence on reproductive
... 1. Flowering time is frequently under selection due to a combination of abiotic, biotic and intrinsic factors. Evolution in response to this selection is likely to have broad effects, altering not only flowering time but reproductive phenology and, potentially, traits throughout the life cycle. We kn ...
... 1. Flowering time is frequently under selection due to a combination of abiotic, biotic and intrinsic factors. Evolution in response to this selection is likely to have broad effects, altering not only flowering time but reproductive phenology and, potentially, traits throughout the life cycle. We kn ...
1 The diagram shows part of a pre-mRNA molecule. 1 (a) (i) Name
... The table shows the percentage of different bases in two pre-mRNA molecules. The molecules were transcribed from the DNA in different parts of a chromosome. Percentage of base ...
... The table shows the percentage of different bases in two pre-mRNA molecules. The molecules were transcribed from the DNA in different parts of a chromosome. Percentage of base ...
7203.attach - Reptile Forum
... There are a ton of different garter snake morphs and morph combos available in the hobby today. What can be confusing is that not only is there a bunch of different base color and pattern mutations in garters, there are also many different species and sub-species of garters with vastly different nat ...
... There are a ton of different garter snake morphs and morph combos available in the hobby today. What can be confusing is that not only is there a bunch of different base color and pattern mutations in garters, there are also many different species and sub-species of garters with vastly different nat ...
handout
... The combination of selection and drift is difficult to model theoretically. The required mathematics will soon venture outside the depth of knowledge you are required to have for this course, so we will not be able to show much derivation. You will be responsible for knowing the main findings and im ...
... The combination of selection and drift is difficult to model theoretically. The required mathematics will soon venture outside the depth of knowledge you are required to have for this course, so we will not be able to show much derivation. You will be responsible for knowing the main findings and im ...
The making of the Fittest: Natural Selection and Adaptation
... • Emphasize that mutations occur at random, whether they occur in protein-coding regions of genes or regulatory switches. Natural selection, however, is not random; mutations that produce organisms that are more likely to survive and reproduce in a particular environment are more likely to become co ...
... • Emphasize that mutations occur at random, whether they occur in protein-coding regions of genes or regulatory switches. Natural selection, however, is not random; mutations that produce organisms that are more likely to survive and reproduce in a particular environment are more likely to become co ...
Drosophila
... Why Drosophila melanogaster? Drosophila melanogaster is a kind of fruit fly Why fruit flies? – Short generation time (≈ 2 weeks) – Survives and breeds well in the lab – Very large chromosomes in some cells – Many aspects of phenotype are genetically controlled – Commercial strains are available – S ...
... Why Drosophila melanogaster? Drosophila melanogaster is a kind of fruit fly Why fruit flies? – Short generation time (≈ 2 weeks) – Survives and breeds well in the lab – Very large chromosomes in some cells – Many aspects of phenotype are genetically controlled – Commercial strains are available – S ...
Natural Selection Lab- PhET Simulation – Keyla Putrika Pre
... Because each organisms have their own characteristic and are adapted to the environment they’re in or the food they eat. Birds have different beaks because they are adapting to the food they usually eat. And if all organisms are the same, it means that if an individual gets sick, the rest of them wi ...
... Because each organisms have their own characteristic and are adapted to the environment they’re in or the food they eat. Birds have different beaks because they are adapting to the food they usually eat. And if all organisms are the same, it means that if an individual gets sick, the rest of them wi ...
Bio 100 Placement Study Guidelines
... 6.! Explain how cloning is different from sexual reproduction. 7.! Describe how gene probes help biologists locate specific DNA sequences. 8.! Compare and contrast preimplantation genetic diagnosis, genetic testing, and gene therapy. 9.! Identify ethical issues associated with the use of DNA technol ...
... 6.! Explain how cloning is different from sexual reproduction. 7.! Describe how gene probes help biologists locate specific DNA sequences. 8.! Compare and contrast preimplantation genetic diagnosis, genetic testing, and gene therapy. 9.! Identify ethical issues associated with the use of DNA technol ...
structural optimization with genetic algorithms and particle swarm
... optimization at once [4], [5], although this approach is still in its infancy and only tried for simple problems. Classic optimization is carried out using analytical or empirical methods [1], [6]. This paper presents the possibilities offered by two metaheuristic methods, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) ...
... optimization at once [4], [5], although this approach is still in its infancy and only tried for simple problems. Classic optimization is carried out using analytical or empirical methods [1], [6]. This paper presents the possibilities offered by two metaheuristic methods, the Genetic Algorithm (GA) ...
Allelic Frequency Changes Over Time in the
... changes over time. Population genetics shifts the focus of studying inheritance away from the individual, as we have mainly looked at in the lecture, to studying the inheritance in populations (Brooker ...
... changes over time. Population genetics shifts the focus of studying inheritance away from the individual, as we have mainly looked at in the lecture, to studying the inheritance in populations (Brooker ...
age roofs ofs proofs proof
... process known as crossing over. meiosis. This cell will first pass through an interphase stage during which the DNA of its chromosomes is replicated and checkpoints are passed. Cell 3 shows a cell during prophase 1 of meiosis. Its chromosomes are visibly double stranded, with each chromosome consist ...
... process known as crossing over. meiosis. This cell will first pass through an interphase stage during which the DNA of its chromosomes is replicated and checkpoints are passed. Cell 3 shows a cell during prophase 1 of meiosis. Its chromosomes are visibly double stranded, with each chromosome consist ...
LIFE-SPAN DEVELOPMENT
... Adaptive Behavior • Natural selection: evolutionary process favors individuals best adapted to survive and reproduce • Evolutionary psychology: emphasizes adaptation, reproduction, and “survival of the fittest” in shaping behavior © 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
... Adaptive Behavior • Natural selection: evolutionary process favors individuals best adapted to survive and reproduce • Evolutionary psychology: emphasizes adaptation, reproduction, and “survival of the fittest” in shaping behavior © 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
Table S1.
... of pathogens, is suspected to confer a selective advantage by enhancing resistance to infectious diseases (the "heterozygote advantage" hypothesis) [10]. Evidence in some non-human systems also suggest that heterozygosity at the HLA may confer reproductive advantages [11]. ...
... of pathogens, is suspected to confer a selective advantage by enhancing resistance to infectious diseases (the "heterozygote advantage" hypothesis) [10]. Evidence in some non-human systems also suggest that heterozygosity at the HLA may confer reproductive advantages [11]. ...
Additional information on heterozygote advantage.
... of pathogens, is suspected to confer a selective advantage by enhancing resistance to infectious diseases (the "heterozygote advantage" hypothesis) [10]. Evidence in some non-human systems also suggest that heterozygosity at the HLA may confer reproductive advantages [11]. ...
... of pathogens, is suspected to confer a selective advantage by enhancing resistance to infectious diseases (the "heterozygote advantage" hypothesis) [10]. Evidence in some non-human systems also suggest that heterozygosity at the HLA may confer reproductive advantages [11]. ...
Genetic Testing For FMR1 Mutations (Including
... For FXS, analytic and clinical validity are the same because the diagnosis of FXS is based on detection of an alteration in the FMR1 gene. According to a large reference laboratory, analytic sensitivity and specificity of FMR1 screen with reflex to FMR1 diagnostic, FMR1 diagnostic, and FMR1 fetal di ...
... For FXS, analytic and clinical validity are the same because the diagnosis of FXS is based on detection of an alteration in the FMR1 gene. According to a large reference laboratory, analytic sensitivity and specificity of FMR1 screen with reflex to FMR1 diagnostic, FMR1 diagnostic, and FMR1 fetal di ...
Koinophilia
Koinophilia is an evolutionary hypothesis concerning sexual selection which proposes that animals seeking mate preferentially choose individuals with a minimum of unusual features. Koinophilia intends to explain the clustering of organisms into species and other issues described by Darwin's Dilemma. The term derives from the Greek, koinos, ""the usual"", and philos, ""fondness"".Natural selection causes beneficial inherited features to become more common and eventually replace their disadvantageous counterparts. A sexually-reproducing animal would be expected to avoid individuals with unusual features, and to prefer to mate with individuals displaying a predominance of common or average features. This means that mates displaying mutant features are also avoided. This is advantageous because most mutations that manifest themselves as changes in appearance, functionality or behavior, are disadvantageous. Because it is impossible to judge whether a new mutation is beneficial or not, koinophilic animals avoid them all, at the cost of avoiding the occasional beneficial mutation. Thus, koinophilia, although not infallible in its ability to distinguish fit from unfit mates, is a good strategy when choosing a mate. A koinophilic choice ensures that offspring are likely to inherit features that have been successful in the past.Koinophilia differs from assortative mating, where ""like prefers like"". If like preferred like, leucistic animals (such as white peacocks) would be sexually attracted to one another, and a leucistic subspecies would come into being. Koinophilia predicts that this is unlikely because leucistic animals are attracted to the average in the same way as other animals. Since non-leucistic animals are not attracted by leucism, few leucistic individuals find mates, and leucistic lineages will rarely form.Koinophilia provides simple explanations for the rarity of speciation (in particular Darwin's Dilemma), evolutionary stasis, punctuated equilibria, and the evolution of cooperation. Koinophilia might also contribute to the maintenance of sexual reproduction, preventing its reversion to the much simpler and inherently more advantageous asexual form of reproduction.The koinophilia hypothesis is supported by research into the physical attractiveness of human faces by Judith Langlois and her co-workers. They found that the average of two human faces was more attractive than either of the faces from which that average was derived. The more faces (of the same gender and age) that were used in the averaging process the more attractive and appealing the average face became. This work into averageness supports koinophilia as an explanation of what constitutes a beautiful face, and how the individuality of a face is recognized.