Lecture PPT - Carol Lee Lab
... • But they provide complementary information – Fossil record contains extinct species, while molecular data is based on extant taxa – Major events in fossil record could be used to calibrate the molecular clock ...
... • But they provide complementary information – Fossil record contains extinct species, while molecular data is based on extant taxa – Major events in fossil record could be used to calibrate the molecular clock ...
B 262, F 2008
... 4. As explained in The Evolution Explosion, why do antibiotic resistance genes persist in “wild” bacterial populations despite resistant bacteria reproducing more slowly? a. Bacteria simply remain prepared for future contact with antibiotics. b. Bacteria encounter organisms in the soil that naturall ...
... 4. As explained in The Evolution Explosion, why do antibiotic resistance genes persist in “wild” bacterial populations despite resistant bacteria reproducing more slowly? a. Bacteria simply remain prepared for future contact with antibiotics. b. Bacteria encounter organisms in the soil that naturall ...
The Evolutionary Synthesis
... From Drift to Selection • In 1937 (Genetics and the Origin of Species) Dobzhansky viewed much of the variability as non-adaptive and thus likely due to drift – Defined evolution as "a change in the frequency of an allele within a gene pool.” – Emphasized isolating mechanisms for differentiating pop ...
... From Drift to Selection • In 1937 (Genetics and the Origin of Species) Dobzhansky viewed much of the variability as non-adaptive and thus likely due to drift – Defined evolution as "a change in the frequency of an allele within a gene pool.” – Emphasized isolating mechanisms for differentiating pop ...
Evolutionary theories on gender and sexual reproduction
... It would be ‘twice as good’ or ‘twice as fit’ of course, because it had twice the genetic endowment (having received half from each of the two parents). As Reichenbach and Anderson summarized the issue: ‘For example, why do most animals reproduce sexually rather than asexually, when asexual reproduc ...
... It would be ‘twice as good’ or ‘twice as fit’ of course, because it had twice the genetic endowment (having received half from each of the two parents). As Reichenbach and Anderson summarized the issue: ‘For example, why do most animals reproduce sexually rather than asexually, when asexual reproduc ...
Pre-Darwinian thinking, the voyage of the Beagle, and the Origin of
... Another major development occurred in the early 1800s via geology and paleontology. Georges Cuvier showed that mammoths were distinct from elephants and had gone extinct, which proved that extinction was indeed possible and thus opened the door for different organisms in the past than currently. Eve ...
... Another major development occurred in the early 1800s via geology and paleontology. Georges Cuvier showed that mammoths were distinct from elephants and had gone extinct, which proved that extinction was indeed possible and thus opened the door for different organisms in the past than currently. Eve ...
Darwin`s Evolution
... • Several things led Darwin to speculate about the changes that might occur in species over time: ...
... • Several things led Darwin to speculate about the changes that might occur in species over time: ...
Meiosis and the Alternation of Generations
... When an environment changes, previously neutral or deleterious alleles can become favorable. If the environment changed sufficiently rapidly, these changes in the environment can make sex advantageous for the individual. Such rapid changes in environment are caused by the co-evolution between hosts ...
... When an environment changes, previously neutral or deleterious alleles can become favorable. If the environment changed sufficiently rapidly, these changes in the environment can make sex advantageous for the individual. Such rapid changes in environment are caused by the co-evolution between hosts ...
PCR and diagnostics II
... •Plays a role in hereditary breast cancer • Very long gene • Analysis is PCR based • Don’t know specifically what you are looking for e.g. can be any of many mutations in BRCA 1, not all yet identified • BRCA 1 has 24 exons that span a huge number of bases • Most mutations have been found in Exon 11 ...
... •Plays a role in hereditary breast cancer • Very long gene • Analysis is PCR based • Don’t know specifically what you are looking for e.g. can be any of many mutations in BRCA 1, not all yet identified • BRCA 1 has 24 exons that span a huge number of bases • Most mutations have been found in Exon 11 ...
Molecular taxonomy,use of modern methods in the identification of a
... dissimilarity between them. In PCR identification, a single segment of DNA is amplified. Such DNA segment can be a particular protein coding gene or rRNA gene or a portion of it. The amplified fragment is then sequenced and the sequence compared to that of sequences in the databases. The rRNA gene s ...
... dissimilarity between them. In PCR identification, a single segment of DNA is amplified. Such DNA segment can be a particular protein coding gene or rRNA gene or a portion of it. The amplified fragment is then sequenced and the sequence compared to that of sequences in the databases. The rRNA gene s ...
Evolution/Natural Selection Exam Study Guide Definitions: 1. Define
... 11. Describe the differences between intra-species and inter-species competition and possible outcomes of each type (ex. survival of the fittest, competitive exclusion or zonation) Beyond Darwin: 12. Define genetic drift and describe a possible effect of genetic drift on allele frequency in a popula ...
... 11. Describe the differences between intra-species and inter-species competition and possible outcomes of each type (ex. survival of the fittest, competitive exclusion or zonation) Beyond Darwin: 12. Define genetic drift and describe a possible effect of genetic drift on allele frequency in a popula ...
Functionalism: Antecedent Influences
... Functionalism: concerned with how the mind functions and how it is used by organisms to adapt to the environment Focus on practical, real-world consequences Protest against Wundt and Titchener’s systems Asks: What does the mind do? How does it do it? ...
... Functionalism: concerned with how the mind functions and how it is used by organisms to adapt to the environment Focus on practical, real-world consequences Protest against Wundt and Titchener’s systems Asks: What does the mind do? How does it do it? ...
Chapter 16: Population and Speciation
... SPI 3210.5.2 Recognize the relationship between form and function in living things. SPI 3210.5.3 Recognize the relationships among environmental change, genetic variation, natural selection, and the emergence of a new species. ...
... SPI 3210.5.2 Recognize the relationship between form and function in living things. SPI 3210.5.3 Recognize the relationships among environmental change, genetic variation, natural selection, and the emergence of a new species. ...
Chapter 6
... Functionalism: concerned with how the mind functions and how it is used by organisms to adapt to the environment Focus on practical, real-world consequences Protest against Wundt and Titchener’s systems Asks: What does the mind do? How does it do it? ...
... Functionalism: concerned with how the mind functions and how it is used by organisms to adapt to the environment Focus on practical, real-world consequences Protest against Wundt and Titchener’s systems Asks: What does the mind do? How does it do it? ...
Shown below is a pedigree chart for the inheritance of achondroplasia
... 1. Using D to represent the dominant allele and d to represent the recessive allele, determine the genotypes of the indicated (numbered) individuals. Record your answers next to the circle/rectangle below. Hint: Start by indicating the genotypes of 2, 3, and 7. Next, determine the genotypes of 1 and ...
... 1. Using D to represent the dominant allele and d to represent the recessive allele, determine the genotypes of the indicated (numbered) individuals. Record your answers next to the circle/rectangle below. Hint: Start by indicating the genotypes of 2, 3, and 7. Next, determine the genotypes of 1 and ...
Motion - TPAYNTER
... Sexual selection drives change in the frequency of a trait based on the ability to attract a mate. Common in populations where males and females look significantly different Some qualities that enhance mating success reduce odds of survival. ...
... Sexual selection drives change in the frequency of a trait based on the ability to attract a mate. Common in populations where males and females look significantly different Some qualities that enhance mating success reduce odds of survival. ...
Evidence of Common Ancestry
... Each topic (textbox) in the graphic organizer is hyperlinked to a webpage that gives you information and explanations about that topic. ...
... Each topic (textbox) in the graphic organizer is hyperlinked to a webpage that gives you information and explanations about that topic. ...
Artificial selection
... ergaster and H. erectus, with an outline of the descent of other Homo species provided for context. b, The evolutionary history of Homo is becoming increasingly complex as new species are discovered. Homo floresiensis (left) is believed1 to be a long-term, isolated descendant of Javanese H. erectus, ...
... ergaster and H. erectus, with an outline of the descent of other Homo species provided for context. b, The evolutionary history of Homo is becoming increasingly complex as new species are discovered. Homo floresiensis (left) is believed1 to be a long-term, isolated descendant of Javanese H. erectus, ...
Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of
... ergaster and H. erectus, with an outline of the descent of other Homo species provided for context. b, The evolutionary history of Homo is becoming increasingly complex as new species are discovered. Homo floresiensis (left) is believed1 to be a long-term, isolated descendant of Javanese H. erectus, ...
... ergaster and H. erectus, with an outline of the descent of other Homo species provided for context. b, The evolutionary history of Homo is becoming increasingly complex as new species are discovered. Homo floresiensis (left) is believed1 to be a long-term, isolated descendant of Javanese H. erectus, ...
Topic guide 7.7: Genes and evolution
... lengths of DNA) and five introns (inexpressed lengths of DNA) and codes for an enzyme, galactosyl transferase, that catalyses the formation of the glycolipid markers on red blood cell surface membranes. The A allele differs from the B allele at letters 523, 700, 793 and 800 of the genetic code. A ha ...
... lengths of DNA) and five introns (inexpressed lengths of DNA) and codes for an enzyme, galactosyl transferase, that catalyses the formation of the glycolipid markers on red blood cell surface membranes. The A allele differs from the B allele at letters 523, 700, 793 and 800 of the genetic code. A ha ...
TAXONOMY and EVOLUTION Test Review: Complete the following
... 6. Using a scientific name, how can you tell if two organisms are closely related? 7. What are the three domains and the 6 kingdoms that belong to them? 8. Define: Prokaryote and Eukaryote. 9. What is the advantage of sexual reproduction? Asexual reproduction? 10. Define: heterotrophic and autotroph ...
... 6. Using a scientific name, how can you tell if two organisms are closely related? 7. What are the three domains and the 6 kingdoms that belong to them? 8. Define: Prokaryote and Eukaryote. 9. What is the advantage of sexual reproduction? Asexual reproduction? 10. Define: heterotrophic and autotroph ...
Koinophilia
Koinophilia is an evolutionary hypothesis concerning sexual selection which proposes that animals seeking mate preferentially choose individuals with a minimum of unusual features. Koinophilia intends to explain the clustering of organisms into species and other issues described by Darwin's Dilemma. The term derives from the Greek, koinos, ""the usual"", and philos, ""fondness"".Natural selection causes beneficial inherited features to become more common and eventually replace their disadvantageous counterparts. A sexually-reproducing animal would be expected to avoid individuals with unusual features, and to prefer to mate with individuals displaying a predominance of common or average features. This means that mates displaying mutant features are also avoided. This is advantageous because most mutations that manifest themselves as changes in appearance, functionality or behavior, are disadvantageous. Because it is impossible to judge whether a new mutation is beneficial or not, koinophilic animals avoid them all, at the cost of avoiding the occasional beneficial mutation. Thus, koinophilia, although not infallible in its ability to distinguish fit from unfit mates, is a good strategy when choosing a mate. A koinophilic choice ensures that offspring are likely to inherit features that have been successful in the past.Koinophilia differs from assortative mating, where ""like prefers like"". If like preferred like, leucistic animals (such as white peacocks) would be sexually attracted to one another, and a leucistic subspecies would come into being. Koinophilia predicts that this is unlikely because leucistic animals are attracted to the average in the same way as other animals. Since non-leucistic animals are not attracted by leucism, few leucistic individuals find mates, and leucistic lineages will rarely form.Koinophilia provides simple explanations for the rarity of speciation (in particular Darwin's Dilemma), evolutionary stasis, punctuated equilibria, and the evolution of cooperation. Koinophilia might also contribute to the maintenance of sexual reproduction, preventing its reversion to the much simpler and inherently more advantageous asexual form of reproduction.The koinophilia hypothesis is supported by research into the physical attractiveness of human faces by Judith Langlois and her co-workers. They found that the average of two human faces was more attractive than either of the faces from which that average was derived. The more faces (of the same gender and age) that were used in the averaging process the more attractive and appealing the average face became. This work into averageness supports koinophilia as an explanation of what constitutes a beautiful face, and how the individuality of a face is recognized.