2.1 Gravity and the gravity field of the Earth
... interest to geophysicists. The map shows upper mantle and crustal features that had never been seen before and it has opened a whole new window on understanding large scale geological processes. All of them reflect certain departures from equilibrium conditions in a model that, in the long term at l ...
... interest to geophysicists. The map shows upper mantle and crustal features that had never been seen before and it has opened a whole new window on understanding large scale geological processes. All of them reflect certain departures from equilibrium conditions in a model that, in the long term at l ...
Plate boundaries: What landforms happen where?
... new crust to be formed. Small volcanoes can also be formed. As the 2 plates meet, the ocean plate sinks under the continental plate because it is denser. The oceanic plate melts, and composite volcanoes are formed along the margin. Earthquakes can also occur here because the 2 plates are clashing. A ...
... new crust to be formed. Small volcanoes can also be formed. As the 2 plates meet, the ocean plate sinks under the continental plate because it is denser. The oceanic plate melts, and composite volcanoes are formed along the margin. Earthquakes can also occur here because the 2 plates are clashing. A ...
earthquake - Westmoreland Central School
... Earthquakes • The intensity and energy of an earthquake are measured on two different scales. – Richter Scale – measure of energy released • Scale from 1 to 10 • Each step increases 10 times in magnitude – Modified Mercalli Scale – measure of effect • Scale uses Roman numerals from I to XII • Highe ...
... Earthquakes • The intensity and energy of an earthquake are measured on two different scales. – Richter Scale – measure of energy released • Scale from 1 to 10 • Each step increases 10 times in magnitude – Modified Mercalli Scale – measure of effect • Scale uses Roman numerals from I to XII • Highe ...
Crust Mantle Core
... The font for the question & answer slides is “Enchanted;” a copy of this font in located in the “REAL Jeopardy Template” folder. (This font will need to be installed in the C:/WINDOWS/FONTS folder of the computer running the show.) In order to keep all of the sounds and fonts together, copy the enti ...
... The font for the question & answer slides is “Enchanted;” a copy of this font in located in the “REAL Jeopardy Template” folder. (This font will need to be installed in the C:/WINDOWS/FONTS folder of the computer running the show.) In order to keep all of the sounds and fonts together, copy the enti ...
here
... plumes in hot regions of the mantle directly underneath Pangea and in the lower part of Gondwana. The Indian subcontinent was carried northward by this mantle current until it collided with Laurasia, creating the Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau of today. Senior scientist Yoshida continues, “Regarding the ...
... plumes in hot regions of the mantle directly underneath Pangea and in the lower part of Gondwana. The Indian subcontinent was carried northward by this mantle current until it collided with Laurasia, creating the Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau of today. Senior scientist Yoshida continues, “Regarding the ...
causes for earthquakes
... In1897 the Assam earthquAKE had a magnitude of 8.7. In 1960 the Chile eaarthquke had magnitude of 8.9 , the highest yet recorded. Seismologists use the seismograph to measure the intensity of earth quake waves. It is a highly sensitive device to detect the slightest vibration of earth’s crust. ...
... In1897 the Assam earthquAKE had a magnitude of 8.7. In 1960 the Chile eaarthquke had magnitude of 8.9 , the highest yet recorded. Seismologists use the seismograph to measure the intensity of earth quake waves. It is a highly sensitive device to detect the slightest vibration of earth’s crust. ...
Plate Tectonics Definition
... Earth’s crust and mantle. Many major geological processes like volcanoes, earthquakes, mountain formation, and the arrangement of tectonic plates (Figure 1) are all results of plate tectonics. Many of these processes occur constantly, but at such a slow rate they appear static from a human perspecti ...
... Earth’s crust and mantle. Many major geological processes like volcanoes, earthquakes, mountain formation, and the arrangement of tectonic plates (Figure 1) are all results of plate tectonics. Many of these processes occur constantly, but at such a slow rate they appear static from a human perspecti ...
Earthquake Review
... the shaking will be. • The point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. Return to quiz ...
... the shaking will be. • The point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. Return to quiz ...
When the Earth Moves: Sea Floor Spreading and Plate Tectonics
... divided into huge plates whose slow movements carry the continents on a slow drift around the globe. Where the plates come in contact with one another, they may cause catastrophic events, such as volcanic eruptions and earthquakes, which in turn can trigger the destructive ocean waves known as tsuna ...
... divided into huge plates whose slow movements carry the continents on a slow drift around the globe. Where the plates come in contact with one another, they may cause catastrophic events, such as volcanic eruptions and earthquakes, which in turn can trigger the destructive ocean waves known as tsuna ...
1. Continental drift? What evidence did Alfred Wagner use to
... - Continental-continental convergence: in Asia (Himalaya). 8. Explain what plate tectonics and ocean trenches have in common? Plate tectonic and ocean trenches have in common the process that takes place at convergent boundaries by which one tectonic plate moves under another tectonic plate called s ...
... - Continental-continental convergence: in Asia (Himalaya). 8. Explain what plate tectonics and ocean trenches have in common? Plate tectonic and ocean trenches have in common the process that takes place at convergent boundaries by which one tectonic plate moves under another tectonic plate called s ...
Evidence for eastward mantle flow beneath the Caribbean plate
... geodetic studies, seismic strain rate distribution and maximum compressive horizontal stress directions. As our reference frame is the Caribbean plate, an additional constraint is that the velocity of the stable interior of the plate must be close to zero. We therefore consider the velocity predicte ...
... geodetic studies, seismic strain rate distribution and maximum compressive horizontal stress directions. As our reference frame is the Caribbean plate, an additional constraint is that the velocity of the stable interior of the plate must be close to zero. We therefore consider the velocity predicte ...
Density Difference between Subducted Oceanic Crust - SPring-8
... into the Earth’s deep mantle for 4.5 Gy. The oceanic lithosphere consists of an upper basaltic layer (oceanic crust) and a lower olivine-rich peridotitic layer. The total amount of subducted oceanic crust in this 4.5 Gy period is estimated to be at least ~3 × 1023 kg, which is about 8% of the weight ...
... into the Earth’s deep mantle for 4.5 Gy. The oceanic lithosphere consists of an upper basaltic layer (oceanic crust) and a lower olivine-rich peridotitic layer. The total amount of subducted oceanic crust in this 4.5 Gy period is estimated to be at least ~3 × 1023 kg, which is about 8% of the weight ...
Characteristic and Uncharacteristic Earthquakes as Possible
... plate motions, those with respect to the deep mantle In general both plates and plate boundaries move with respect to the deep mantle For example, assume Africa were not moving with respect to the deep mantle. If so, as lithosphere is added by spreading at the Mid-Atlantic ridge, both the ridge and ...
... plate motions, those with respect to the deep mantle In general both plates and plate boundaries move with respect to the deep mantle For example, assume Africa were not moving with respect to the deep mantle. If so, as lithosphere is added by spreading at the Mid-Atlantic ridge, both the ridge and ...
Convergent plate boundary - Department of Geology UPRM
... Source: Photograph by N.J. Silberling, USGS Photo Library, Denver, CO. ...
... Source: Photograph by N.J. Silberling, USGS Photo Library, Denver, CO. ...
Earthquakes
... surface waves, triggering an earthquake. Imagine that many people jumping up & down on a trampoline.) ...
... surface waves, triggering an earthquake. Imagine that many people jumping up & down on a trampoline.) ...
Plate Tectonics Review
... 1. The Theory of Plate Tectonics combines Continental Drift with the processes of ____________________ & ____________________. 2. Lithospheric Plates includes the two types of crust (______________ or _______________) and the upper rigid part of the mantle. 3. Oceanic Crust is ______________________ ...
... 1. The Theory of Plate Tectonics combines Continental Drift with the processes of ____________________ & ____________________. 2. Lithospheric Plates includes the two types of crust (______________ or _______________) and the upper rigid part of the mantle. 3. Oceanic Crust is ______________________ ...
The E.S.S Project - Laconia School District
... Geologists work to understand the history of our planet. The better they can understand Earth’s history the better they can foresee how events and processes of the past might influence the future. Astronomers study objects and phenomena which exist or have their origin in outer space. Astronaut is ...
... Geologists work to understand the history of our planet. The better they can understand Earth’s history the better they can foresee how events and processes of the past might influence the future. Astronomers study objects and phenomena which exist or have their origin in outer space. Astronaut is ...
Diverging Plates: The Underlying Story
... the temperature structure and flow velocities in the asthenosphere that result from rifting. The mantle is assumed to be a viscous fluid. The vis cosity depends in part on temperature. The solid-like lithosphere is thus simulated simply as a cold region within which viscosity is so large that flow i ...
... the temperature structure and flow velocities in the asthenosphere that result from rifting. The mantle is assumed to be a viscous fluid. The vis cosity depends in part on temperature. The solid-like lithosphere is thus simulated simply as a cold region within which viscosity is so large that flow i ...
2. Plate tectonics
... Explains many of Earth’s large-scale surface features and related phenomena Central idea of the theory Earth’s surface is broken up into some large pieces called tectonic plates Earth plate is composed of Crust and part of upper Mantle Ocean plates: 8-10 km thickness with dense rock ...
... Explains many of Earth’s large-scale surface features and related phenomena Central idea of the theory Earth’s surface is broken up into some large pieces called tectonic plates Earth plate is composed of Crust and part of upper Mantle Ocean plates: 8-10 km thickness with dense rock ...
File
... • Magma erupts over the thinner plate • Sometimes magma may pile over on the ocean to form islands ...
... • Magma erupts over the thinner plate • Sometimes magma may pile over on the ocean to form islands ...
Chapter 12 Section 1
... Continental Environments • Earthquakes also occur at locations where two continental plates converge, diverge, or move horizontally in opposite directions. • As the continental plates interact, the rock surrounding the boundary experiences stress, which causes earthquakes. ...
... Continental Environments • Earthquakes also occur at locations where two continental plates converge, diverge, or move horizontally in opposite directions. • As the continental plates interact, the rock surrounding the boundary experiences stress, which causes earthquakes. ...
The Earth - El Camino College
... -blocks bend until rupture during Q. P. = snap back into original shape 1. Offset both sides move, displaces features P. ex. canyons, roads,pipelines & aqueducts........... 2. Fault Creep =both sides move continuously ...
... -blocks bend until rupture during Q. P. = snap back into original shape 1. Offset both sides move, displaces features P. ex. canyons, roads,pipelines & aqueducts........... 2. Fault Creep =both sides move continuously ...
7-3 Lecture PDF
... Three forces interact to cause tectonic plate motion. Convection currents in the mantle produce a force that cause motion called basal drag. The force of ridge push causes the plates to be pushed away from each other at mid ocean ridges. When a plate sinks below another plate, it pulls on the rest o ...
... Three forces interact to cause tectonic plate motion. Convection currents in the mantle produce a force that cause motion called basal drag. The force of ridge push causes the plates to be pushed away from each other at mid ocean ridges. When a plate sinks below another plate, it pulls on the rest o ...
Abstract - gemoc - Macquarie University
... lithosphere is depleted (Mg-rich and low in basaltic components such as Al, Ca, Fe), consists dominantly of dunite and Ca-poor harzburgite (e.g. Griffin & O’Reilly, 2007) and has high seismic wave velocities mainly due to the high content of Mg-rich olivine (Fo92-94). Young lithosphere is fertile (h ...
... lithosphere is depleted (Mg-rich and low in basaltic components such as Al, Ca, Fe), consists dominantly of dunite and Ca-poor harzburgite (e.g. Griffin & O’Reilly, 2007) and has high seismic wave velocities mainly due to the high content of Mg-rich olivine (Fo92-94). Young lithosphere is fertile (h ...
chapter 12 – earthquakes
... i. Two plates are moving away from each other. ii. The spreading motion causes earthquakes. c. continental plates i. Two continental plates are moving away, towards or in opposite directions to each other. ii. Any of those movements causes earthquakes. ...
... i. Two plates are moving away from each other. ii. The spreading motion causes earthquakes. c. continental plates i. Two continental plates are moving away, towards or in opposite directions to each other. ii. Any of those movements causes earthquakes. ...
Post-glacial rebound
Post-glacial rebound (sometimes called continental rebound) is the rise of land masses that were depressed by the huge weight of ice sheets during the last glacial period, through a process known as isostatic depression. Post-glacial rebound and isostatic depression are different parts of a process known as either glacial isostasy, glacial isostatic adjustment, or glacioisostasy. Glacioisostasy is the solid Earth deformation associated with changes in ice mass distribution. The most obvious and direct affects of post-glacial rebound are readily apparent in northern Europe (especially Scotland, Estonia, Latvia, Fennoscandia, and northern Denmark), Siberia, Canada, the Great Lakes of Canada and the United States, the coastal region of the US state of Maine, parts of Patagonia, and Antarctica. However, through processes known as ocean siphoning and continental levering, the effects of post-glacial rebound on sea-level are felt globally far from the locations of current and former ice sheets.