Rudnick and Lee.fm - Cin
... The Re-Os isotope system is increasingly providing new insight into continental dynamics due to the fact that it is the only radiogenic isotope system that provides information on melt depletion events (hence lithosphere formation) in the uppermost mantle. Here we review application of the ReOs isot ...
... The Re-Os isotope system is increasingly providing new insight into continental dynamics due to the fact that it is the only radiogenic isotope system that provides information on melt depletion events (hence lithosphere formation) in the uppermost mantle. Here we review application of the ReOs isot ...
MORB13
... The eruption of MORB basalts is the dominant form of active volcanism on the Earth today: MORB: OIB: Arc: ...
... The eruption of MORB basalts is the dominant form of active volcanism on the Earth today: MORB: OIB: Arc: ...
1 Four-D Investigation of Subduction Initiation (SI
... mineral analyses, and isotopic analyses (Rb/Sr, Sm/Nd, and Pb/Pb). We will better understand the crustal properties and geochemical features of magmas generated from melting of H2O-rich mantle beneath a forearc setting in SSZ environments. The results of this investigation should provide new insight ...
... mineral analyses, and isotopic analyses (Rb/Sr, Sm/Nd, and Pb/Pb). We will better understand the crustal properties and geochemical features of magmas generated from melting of H2O-rich mantle beneath a forearc setting in SSZ environments. The results of this investigation should provide new insight ...
IgPetMORB13
... The eruption of MORB basalts is the dominant form of active volcanism on the Earth today: MORB: OIB: Arc: ...
... The eruption of MORB basalts is the dominant form of active volcanism on the Earth today: MORB: OIB: Arc: ...
The Earth`s mantle
... behaviour of subducted material intruding into (or de¯ected by) a compositionally different layer40,41. In the latter case, depression of the discontinuity is predicted to be of the order of several hundred kilometres. The extent of discontinuity topography near subduction zones is thus consistent w ...
... behaviour of subducted material intruding into (or de¯ected by) a compositionally different layer40,41. In the latter case, depression of the discontinuity is predicted to be of the order of several hundred kilometres. The extent of discontinuity topography near subduction zones is thus consistent w ...
A tensile, flexural model for the initiation of subduction
... coherent slip of one plate over another (Mueller & Phillips 1991). Secondly, Cloetingh et ul. (1989 and previous work) took the subsidence rate of the oceanic lithosphere at the margin from a sediment-loaded boundary-layer cooling model (Turcotte & Ahern 1977). Presumably it was believed that maximi ...
... coherent slip of one plate over another (Mueller & Phillips 1991). Secondly, Cloetingh et ul. (1989 and previous work) took the subsidence rate of the oceanic lithosphere at the margin from a sediment-loaded boundary-layer cooling model (Turcotte & Ahern 1977). Presumably it was believed that maximi ...
Synthesis of Results From the CD-ROM Experiment
... (Plate 1B; Plate 2 of Karlstrom and Keller, this volume), this complex surface geology overlies a heterogeneous mantle that exhibits an overall regional trend where the stable core of the Laurentian craton (from the Great Plains northeastwards) is underlain by high velocity (cold, old, thick) lithos ...
... (Plate 1B; Plate 2 of Karlstrom and Keller, this volume), this complex surface geology overlies a heterogeneous mantle that exhibits an overall regional trend where the stable core of the Laurentian craton (from the Great Plains northeastwards) is underlain by high velocity (cold, old, thick) lithos ...
Supplementary Material Wanless, V. D., M. R. Perfit, E. M. Klein, S
... Kilauea has only erupted basaltic compositions and ~80% of it’s surface is covered by basalt lavas that are <500 years old [Teplow et al., 2009]. The last eruption that occurred along this section of the rift zone was in 1955. Teplow et al. [2009] hypothesized that the dacitic melt evolved via frac ...
... Kilauea has only erupted basaltic compositions and ~80% of it’s surface is covered by basalt lavas that are <500 years old [Teplow et al., 2009]. The last eruption that occurred along this section of the rift zone was in 1955. Teplow et al. [2009] hypothesized that the dacitic melt evolved via frac ...
Upper Mantle Seismic Anisotropy Beneath the West Antarctic Rift
... comparable in lateral extent to those within the Ross Sea, yet reach much greater surface depths. The deepest portions of these basins extend more than 1500 m below sea level, making them the lowest elevation continental topographic features on Earth. These basins and troughs likely accommodated lat ...
... comparable in lateral extent to those within the Ross Sea, yet reach much greater surface depths. The deepest portions of these basins extend more than 1500 m below sea level, making them the lowest elevation continental topographic features on Earth. These basins and troughs likely accommodated lat ...
Extremely thin crust in the Indian Ocean possibly resulting from
... (Singh et al. 2007) but no other deep subhorizontal reflections are observed that could be interpreted as reflections from the Moho. Fig. 4 shows the seismic image along orthogonal profile WG1 (Singh et al. 2008) with respect to the blow-up of the image along profile WG3 with a 3-D perspective. Alth ...
... (Singh et al. 2007) but no other deep subhorizontal reflections are observed that could be interpreted as reflections from the Moho. Fig. 4 shows the seismic image along orthogonal profile WG1 (Singh et al. 2008) with respect to the blow-up of the image along profile WG3 with a 3-D perspective. Alth ...
A tensile, flexural model for the initiation of subduction
... coherent slip of one plate over another (Mueller & Phillips 1991). Secondly, Cloetingh et ul. (1989 and previous work) took the subsidence rate of the oceanic lithosphere at the margin from a sediment-loaded boundary-layer cooling model (Turcotte & Ahern 1977). Presumably it was believed that maximi ...
... coherent slip of one plate over another (Mueller & Phillips 1991). Secondly, Cloetingh et ul. (1989 and previous work) took the subsidence rate of the oceanic lithosphere at the margin from a sediment-loaded boundary-layer cooling model (Turcotte & Ahern 1977). Presumably it was believed that maximi ...
EENS 2120 Petrology Prof. Stephen A. Nelson Igneous Rocks of the
... composition changes to ultramafic rocks. This sharp change in density is correlated with what would be expected at the base of the crust, and is thus referred to as the petrologic moho. At the top of the ultramafic sequence the rock type is harzburgite (Ol + Opx), a rock type expected to be the resi ...
... composition changes to ultramafic rocks. This sharp change in density is correlated with what would be expected at the base of the crust, and is thus referred to as the petrologic moho. At the top of the ultramafic sequence the rock type is harzburgite (Ol + Opx), a rock type expected to be the resi ...
Campbell, I.H., Large Igneous Provinces and the mantle plume
... An obvious weakness of the thermal plume hypothesis is that it fails to explain a number of minor volcanic chains that stretch across the ocean basin and cannot be linked to LIPs. These appear to be the product of plume tails without heads. It has been suggested that the plumes responsible for these ...
... An obvious weakness of the thermal plume hypothesis is that it fails to explain a number of minor volcanic chains that stretch across the ocean basin and cannot be linked to LIPs. These appear to be the product of plume tails without heads. It has been suggested that the plumes responsible for these ...
Sample
... region in the mantle that lies below the lithosphere 1. Temperature and pressure put rocks very near their melting temperature; causes rocks in asthenosphere to respond to forces by flowing 2. The relatively cool and rigid lithosphere tends to respond to forces acting on it by bending or breaking, b ...
... region in the mantle that lies below the lithosphere 1. Temperature and pressure put rocks very near their melting temperature; causes rocks in asthenosphere to respond to forces by flowing 2. The relatively cool and rigid lithosphere tends to respond to forces acting on it by bending or breaking, b ...
Dynamic analysis notes
... different type of behaviour occurs. After an initial phase of elastic deformation, the sample starts to deform in a ductile manner. This deformation is also non-recoverable, but it occurs without loss of strength. The sample shortens in the σ1 direction, and thickens parallel to σ3. In ideal plastic ...
... different type of behaviour occurs. After an initial phase of elastic deformation, the sample starts to deform in a ductile manner. This deformation is also non-recoverable, but it occurs without loss of strength. The sample shortens in the σ1 direction, and thickens parallel to σ3. In ideal plastic ...
Long-term continental areal reduction produced by tectonic processes
... change over time with changes in individual plate velocities and different regimes in the Wilson cycle, a reduction is expected long-term due to the different timescales involved in rifting and collision events. Although both continental rifting and collisions potentially last millions of years, rif ...
... change over time with changes in individual plate velocities and different regimes in the Wilson cycle, a reduction is expected long-term due to the different timescales involved in rifting and collision events. Although both continental rifting and collisions potentially last millions of years, rif ...
Journal of the Geological Society of London, 162, 2005, 299
... Abstract: The geological record exposed on Nuussuaq, central West Greenland, shows that uplift in the Palaeocene, probably caused by impact of the Iceland plume head, was followed by kilometre-scale subsidence. Analysis of apatite fission-track and vitrinite-reflectance data from borehole samples do ...
... Abstract: The geological record exposed on Nuussuaq, central West Greenland, shows that uplift in the Palaeocene, probably caused by impact of the Iceland plume head, was followed by kilometre-scale subsidence. Analysis of apatite fission-track and vitrinite-reflectance data from borehole samples do ...
Slow strain waves in blocky geological media from GPS and
... distribution of earthquake epicenters and perennial geodetic observation series, new evidence is obtained for the existence of slow strain waves in the Earth. The results of our investigation allow us to identify the dynamics of seismicity along the northern boundary of the Amurian plate as a wave p ...
... distribution of earthquake epicenters and perennial geodetic observation series, new evidence is obtained for the existence of slow strain waves in the Earth. The results of our investigation allow us to identify the dynamics of seismicity along the northern boundary of the Amurian plate as a wave p ...
EAS 107, How the Earth Works Class 4, Text Page 1 of 6 The
... that is cool enough to behave in this way. Its lower limit corresponds to an isotherm (surface of equal temperature), usually taken to be the 1600 K (~1300˚ C) isotherm, which comes up almost to the sea floor at a midocean ridge, but may lie nearly 200 km beneath the middle of a continent. Archean t ...
... that is cool enough to behave in this way. Its lower limit corresponds to an isotherm (surface of equal temperature), usually taken to be the 1600 K (~1300˚ C) isotherm, which comes up almost to the sea floor at a midocean ridge, but may lie nearly 200 km beneath the middle of a continent. Archean t ...
FREE Sample Here
... 3. Demonstrate the relationship between hot spots and surface volcanic chains with a piece of paper and a lighted match. As you move the paper over the match a burn trace is left with the oldest burn at the farthest distance from the match. Be careful! 4. Use this idea to explain mid ocean ridge spr ...
... 3. Demonstrate the relationship between hot spots and surface volcanic chains with a piece of paper and a lighted match. As you move the paper over the match a burn trace is left with the oldest burn at the farthest distance from the match. Be careful! 4. Use this idea to explain mid ocean ridge spr ...
The deep Earth origin of the Iceland plume and
... beneath the North Atlantic since the Jurassic. The models show that over the last ∼ 100 Myr a remarkably stable pattern of convergent flow has prevailed in the lowermost mantle near the tip of the African Large LowShear Velocity Province (LLSVP), making it an ideal plume nucleation site. We extract ...
... beneath the North Atlantic since the Jurassic. The models show that over the last ∼ 100 Myr a remarkably stable pattern of convergent flow has prevailed in the lowermost mantle near the tip of the African Large LowShear Velocity Province (LLSVP), making it an ideal plume nucleation site. We extract ...
Teacher Guide - Math/Science Nucleus
... you travel from 0 miles per hour to 1000 miles per hour. On Earth we don’t feel it because of other physical constraints, but to an “Alien” looking down at us. Well, a polar bear on the North Pole and penguins on the South Pole would be standing still, while people in New York would be moving about ...
... you travel from 0 miles per hour to 1000 miles per hour. On Earth we don’t feel it because of other physical constraints, but to an “Alien” looking down at us. Well, a polar bear on the North Pole and penguins on the South Pole would be standing still, while people in New York would be moving about ...
gge_orals_nov8_2006 - Department of Earth and Planetary
... earth's mantle from seismic velocities demands accurate ascertainment of those velocities. Yet only the largest-scale velocity structures in the CMBR are agreed upon by global tomography studies. Because seismic structure of the lowermost portion of the mantle is not well constrained, neither are t ...
... earth's mantle from seismic velocities demands accurate ascertainment of those velocities. Yet only the largest-scale velocity structures in the CMBR are agreed upon by global tomography studies. Because seismic structure of the lowermost portion of the mantle is not well constrained, neither are t ...
Contractional theory, continental drift and plate tectonics - Perso-sdt
... formed the high mountain ranges along the western coast of the Americas by frontal compression. Coincidentally and independently, similar ideas From continental drift to plate tectonics were expressed by the American geologist F. B. Since the end of the 16th century, naturalists have Taylor (Taylor, ...
... formed the high mountain ranges along the western coast of the Americas by frontal compression. Coincidentally and independently, similar ideas From continental drift to plate tectonics were expressed by the American geologist F. B. Since the end of the 16th century, naturalists have Taylor (Taylor, ...
Post-glacial rebound
Post-glacial rebound (sometimes called continental rebound) is the rise of land masses that were depressed by the huge weight of ice sheets during the last glacial period, through a process known as isostatic depression. Post-glacial rebound and isostatic depression are different parts of a process known as either glacial isostasy, glacial isostatic adjustment, or glacioisostasy. Glacioisostasy is the solid Earth deformation associated with changes in ice mass distribution. The most obvious and direct affects of post-glacial rebound are readily apparent in northern Europe (especially Scotland, Estonia, Latvia, Fennoscandia, and northern Denmark), Siberia, Canada, the Great Lakes of Canada and the United States, the coastal region of the US state of Maine, parts of Patagonia, and Antarctica. However, through processes known as ocean siphoning and continental levering, the effects of post-glacial rebound on sea-level are felt globally far from the locations of current and former ice sheets.