2014072 - Geological Society of America
... highest average velocity(blue) does not adequately describe the decay close to the trench. Average velocities in the range of 7.68 – 7.85 km/s describe the decay within error. b) Velocity model that produces the best fitting coda decay shown in figures above. The events for which extended coda is me ...
... highest average velocity(blue) does not adequately describe the decay close to the trench. Average velocities in the range of 7.68 – 7.85 km/s describe the decay within error. b) Velocity model that produces the best fitting coda decay shown in figures above. The events for which extended coda is me ...
Non-ideal Subduction
... the sediments deposited during the orogeny. The Antler foredeep (between the thrust front and the miogeocline) records the sediments derived from the mountain building event that occurred as the deep‐water sediment overrode the shallow sediments. In the foredeep, we see both sediments derived ...
... the sediments deposited during the orogeny. The Antler foredeep (between the thrust front and the miogeocline) records the sediments derived from the mountain building event that occurred as the deep‐water sediment overrode the shallow sediments. In the foredeep, we see both sediments derived ...
Initiation of subduction in nature and models
... easily convert to the active shortly (within some 20 Myr) after break-up, when its lithosphere is still thin and hot. If subduction initiation does not happen during this stage it is unlikely to occur ...
... easily convert to the active shortly (within some 20 Myr) after break-up, when its lithosphere is still thin and hot. If subduction initiation does not happen during this stage it is unlikely to occur ...
chapter_3_powerpoint_le
... Other Evidence of Plate Tectonics • Ages from ocean basins – The oldest rocks on ocean floor are about 200 million years old (less than 5% of Earth’s 4.5 billion year age) – Ocean basins are young features – continually being formed (at mid ocean ridges) and destroyed (at subduction zones) – Hot sp ...
... Other Evidence of Plate Tectonics • Ages from ocean basins – The oldest rocks on ocean floor are about 200 million years old (less than 5% of Earth’s 4.5 billion year age) – Ocean basins are young features – continually being formed (at mid ocean ridges) and destroyed (at subduction zones) – Hot sp ...
Exam #3 –- All numbered questions are given equal weight in the
... B) Oceanic crust 100 km to the west side of the ridge is the same age as oceanic crust 100 km to the east of the ridge C) All of the above. 12) Marine magnetic anomalies can be used to determine the age of oceanic crust A) Yes B) No 13) What do hotspot volcanoes on the ocean floor tell about plate t ...
... B) Oceanic crust 100 km to the west side of the ridge is the same age as oceanic crust 100 km to the east of the ridge C) All of the above. 12) Marine magnetic anomalies can be used to determine the age of oceanic crust A) Yes B) No 13) What do hotspot volcanoes on the ocean floor tell about plate t ...
Plate Tectonic Models for Southern California
... For over 100 million years a major oceanic plate -- the Farallon Plate -- has been colliding with and subducting beneath the North American Plate. The collision has compressed the edge of the continent and scraped sediments off the ocean floor to create coastal mountains. The Farallon plate has been ...
... For over 100 million years a major oceanic plate -- the Farallon Plate -- has been colliding with and subducting beneath the North American Plate. The collision has compressed the edge of the continent and scraped sediments off the ocean floor to create coastal mountains. The Farallon plate has been ...
JDFfaulting
... et al., 2004), strike-slip and normal faulting have both been suggested for the Gorda and ...
... et al., 2004), strike-slip and normal faulting have both been suggested for the Gorda and ...
Activity—World Map of Plate Boundaries
... Convergent Boundaries Transform Boundaries Strike slip faults result from Most of the world’s earthquakes and When two plates move volcanoes toward each other, crustare is destroyed as one plate dives (is subducted) beneath two plates moving horizontally Divergent boundaries occur mostly As surround ...
... Convergent Boundaries Transform Boundaries Strike slip faults result from Most of the world’s earthquakes and When two plates move volcanoes toward each other, crustare is destroyed as one plate dives (is subducted) beneath two plates moving horizontally Divergent boundaries occur mostly As surround ...
Seafloor Spreading
... – Wegener reasoned that large geologic structures, such as mountain ranges, would have fractured as the continents separated. – Using this reasoning, Wegener hypothesized that there should be areas of similar rock types on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean. – That similar groups of rocks were obs ...
... – Wegener reasoned that large geologic structures, such as mountain ranges, would have fractured as the continents separated. – Using this reasoning, Wegener hypothesized that there should be areas of similar rock types on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean. – That similar groups of rocks were obs ...
ES Chapter 17
... – Wegener reasoned that large geologic structures, such as mountain ranges, would have fractured as the continents separated. – Using this reasoning, Wegener hypothesized that there should be areas of similar rock types on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean. – That similar groups of rocks were obs ...
... – Wegener reasoned that large geologic structures, such as mountain ranges, would have fractured as the continents separated. – Using this reasoning, Wegener hypothesized that there should be areas of similar rock types on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean. – That similar groups of rocks were obs ...
Plate Boundaries
... Type 2 • When one oceanic plate collides with another oceanic plate, the more dense plate slides under the less dense plate creating a subduction zone called a TRENCH ...
... Type 2 • When one oceanic plate collides with another oceanic plate, the more dense plate slides under the less dense plate creating a subduction zone called a TRENCH ...
Convergent Plate Boundaries
... (Above Right) A cross section through the west coast of South America, showing the convergence of a continental plate and an oceanic plate. The subducting oceanic plate becomes more dense as it descends, its downward slide propelled by gravity. At a depth of about 80 kilometers (50 miles), heat driv ...
... (Above Right) A cross section through the west coast of South America, showing the convergence of a continental plate and an oceanic plate. The subducting oceanic plate becomes more dense as it descends, its downward slide propelled by gravity. At a depth of about 80 kilometers (50 miles), heat driv ...
Plate Tectonics Lesson Plan
... Mantle – the mantle is the layer between the Earth’s core and crust. o The inner layer of the mantle is solid. o The outer layer of the mantle is plastic. This means it’s a partially melted solid. Crust – The crust is the thin, rocky brittle outer coating of the Earth, including both continents and ...
... Mantle – the mantle is the layer between the Earth’s core and crust. o The inner layer of the mantle is solid. o The outer layer of the mantle is plastic. This means it’s a partially melted solid. Crust – The crust is the thin, rocky brittle outer coating of the Earth, including both continents and ...
In geologic terms, a plate is a large, rigid slab of solid rock
... lithos which is Greek for stone). The lithosphere tends to be thinnest under the oceans and in volcanically active continental areas, such as, the Western United States. Averaging at least 80 km (50 miles) in thickness over much of the Earth the lithosphere has been broken up into the moving plates ...
... lithos which is Greek for stone). The lithosphere tends to be thinnest under the oceans and in volcanically active continental areas, such as, the Western United States. Averaging at least 80 km (50 miles) in thickness over much of the Earth the lithosphere has been broken up into the moving plates ...
Going Their Separate Ways
... were published in a paper titled "History of Ocean Basins," which was one of the most important contributions in the development of plate tectonics. In this classic paper, Hess outlined the basics of how seafloor spreading works: molten rock (magma) oozes up from the Earth's interior along the mid-o ...
... were published in a paper titled "History of Ocean Basins," which was one of the most important contributions in the development of plate tectonics. In this classic paper, Hess outlined the basics of how seafloor spreading works: molten rock (magma) oozes up from the Earth's interior along the mid-o ...
11.14 Where Will Mountains and Basins Form in This Region?
... 2. For each feature (subduction zone, thrust belt, etc.) that will form by Time 2, think about how that feature is typically expressed in the topography. Does it form a mountain range, a basin, or a mountain with a nearby basin? 3. On the worksheet, sketch your predictions about the area’s topograph ...
... 2. For each feature (subduction zone, thrust belt, etc.) that will form by Time 2, think about how that feature is typically expressed in the topography. Does it form a mountain range, a basin, or a mountain with a nearby basin? 3. On the worksheet, sketch your predictions about the area’s topograph ...
Homework Assignment #2: Plate Tectonics and
... an “arc” (because it is often arc-shaped). On which plate will you find the volcanoes? oceanic / continental. c. Study Figure 7.8 on p. 200–201. Recall that the black lines are plate boundaries. Note that, at convergent plate boundaries, the teeth “point” in the direction of motion for the subductin ...
... an “arc” (because it is often arc-shaped). On which plate will you find the volcanoes? oceanic / continental. c. Study Figure 7.8 on p. 200–201. Recall that the black lines are plate boundaries. Note that, at convergent plate boundaries, the teeth “point” in the direction of motion for the subductin ...
Oceanography Chapter 11
... At a colliding or convergent boundary, two plates push together. They are also called destructive boundaries because movements along these destroy crust. ...
... At a colliding or convergent boundary, two plates push together. They are also called destructive boundaries because movements along these destroy crust. ...
Unraveling topography around subduction zones from
... The relief around subduction zones results from the interplay of dynamic processes that may locally exceed the (iso)static contributions. The viscous dissipation of the energy in and around subduction zones is capable of generating kilometer scale vertical movements at the surface. In order to evalu ...
... The relief around subduction zones results from the interplay of dynamic processes that may locally exceed the (iso)static contributions. The viscous dissipation of the energy in and around subduction zones is capable of generating kilometer scale vertical movements at the surface. In order to evalu ...
Plate tectonics
... Plate boundaries • Types of plate boundaries • Convergent plate boundaries (destructive margins) • Oceanic-oceanic convergence • Two oceanic slabs converge and one descends beneath the other • Often forms volcanoes on the ocean floor • Volcanic island arcs forms as volcanoes emerge from the sea • E ...
... Plate boundaries • Types of plate boundaries • Convergent plate boundaries (destructive margins) • Oceanic-oceanic convergence • Two oceanic slabs converge and one descends beneath the other • Often forms volcanoes on the ocean floor • Volcanic island arcs forms as volcanoes emerge from the sea • E ...
Chapter_15_Lecture
... Plate boundaries • Types of plate boundaries • Convergent plate boundaries (destructive margins) • Oceanic-oceanic convergence • Two oceanic slabs converge and one descends beneath the other • Often forms volcanoes on the ocean floor • Volcanic island arcs forms as volcanoes emerge from the sea • E ...
... Plate boundaries • Types of plate boundaries • Convergent plate boundaries (destructive margins) • Oceanic-oceanic convergence • Two oceanic slabs converge and one descends beneath the other • Often forms volcanoes on the ocean floor • Volcanic island arcs forms as volcanoes emerge from the sea • E ...
mountain belt
... – Mid-oceanic ridge crests can migrate toward or away from subduction zones or abruptly jump to new positions – Convergent boundaries can migrate if subduction angle steepens or overlying plate has a trenchward motion of its own • Back-arc spreading may occur, but is ...
... – Mid-oceanic ridge crests can migrate toward or away from subduction zones or abruptly jump to new positions – Convergent boundaries can migrate if subduction angle steepens or overlying plate has a trenchward motion of its own • Back-arc spreading may occur, but is ...
Lecture 2: Before we get to PLATE TECTONICS…..
... where one plate is subducted beneath another and crust is destroyed, and/or two plates with continental crust on their leading edges collide, and mountains are formed Type 1 ocean – ocean ...
... where one plate is subducted beneath another and crust is destroyed, and/or two plates with continental crust on their leading edges collide, and mountains are formed Type 1 ocean – ocean ...
Oceanic trench
The oceanic trenches are hemispheric-scale long but narrow topographic depressions of the sea floor. They are also the deepest parts of the ocean floor. Oceanic trenches are a distinctive morphological feature of convergent plate boundaries, along which lithospheric plates move towards each other at rates that vary from a few mm to over ten cm per year. A trench marks the position at which the flexed, subducting slab begins to descend beneath another lithospheric slab. Trenches are generally parallel to a volcanic island arc, and about 200 km (120 mi) from a volcanic arc. Oceanic trenches typically extend 3 to 4 km (1.9 to 2.5 mi) below the level of the surrounding oceanic floor. The greatest ocean depth to be sounded is in the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench, at a depth of 11,034 m (36,201 ft) below sea level. Oceanic lithosphere moves into trenches at a global rate of about 3 km2/yr.