Lecture 2: Before we get to PLATE TECTONICS…..
... where one plate is subducted beneath another and crust is destroyed, and/or two plates with continental crust on their leading edges collide, and mountains are formed Type 1 ocean – ocean ...
... where one plate is subducted beneath another and crust is destroyed, and/or two plates with continental crust on their leading edges collide, and mountains are formed Type 1 ocean – ocean ...
The Japan Trench and its juncture with the Kuril Trench" cruise
... measurements as well as single-channel seismic reflection observations in the Japan Trench and the juncture with the Kuril Trench during the French-Japanese Kaiko project (northern sector of the Leg 3) on the R / V "Jean Charcot". The main data acquired during the cruise, such as the Seabeam maps, m ...
... measurements as well as single-channel seismic reflection observations in the Japan Trench and the juncture with the Kuril Trench during the French-Japanese Kaiko project (northern sector of the Leg 3) on the R / V "Jean Charcot". The main data acquired during the cruise, such as the Seabeam maps, m ...
Plate tectonics
... per year and a length of 60,000 km means that new crust is created at a rate of Crust - (2-4 cm per year) x 60,000 km = (2-3x10**[-5] km) x 60,000 km = 1.2-1.8 square kilometers per year How long does it take to replace all of the oceanic crust? The total surface area of the Earth is Area = 4 x pi x ...
... per year and a length of 60,000 km means that new crust is created at a rate of Crust - (2-4 cm per year) x 60,000 km = (2-3x10**[-5] km) x 60,000 km = 1.2-1.8 square kilometers per year How long does it take to replace all of the oceanic crust? The total surface area of the Earth is Area = 4 x pi x ...
Divergent boundaries
... The size of the Earth has not changed significantly during the past 600 million years, and very likely not since shortly after its formation 4.6 billion years ago. The Earth's unchanging size implies that the crust must be destroyed at about the same rate as it is being created, as Harry Hess surmis ...
... The size of the Earth has not changed significantly during the past 600 million years, and very likely not since shortly after its formation 4.6 billion years ago. The Earth's unchanging size implies that the crust must be destroyed at about the same rate as it is being created, as Harry Hess surmis ...
Plate tectonics NB Name
... 9. What type of plate boundary formed the San Andreas fault? _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Convergent - Oceanic-continental boundary forms_____________________________________________________ ____________________________________ ...
... 9. What type of plate boundary formed the San Andreas fault? _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Convergent - Oceanic-continental boundary forms_____________________________________________________ ____________________________________ ...
SYNTHESIS: Theory Of Plate Tectonics
... Pacific Plate abruptly changed about 43 million years ago, as it took a more westerly turn from its earlier northerly direction. Why the Pacific Plate changed direction is not known, but the change may be related in some way to the collision of India into the Asian continent, which began about the s ...
... Pacific Plate abruptly changed about 43 million years ago, as it took a more westerly turn from its earlier northerly direction. Why the Pacific Plate changed direction is not known, but the change may be related in some way to the collision of India into the Asian continent, which began about the s ...
Do deep mantle plumes explain the Mesozoic igneous features of
... ages in eastern North America are NOT on mantle plume tracks. Lithospheric structures may control where mantle melts rise through the crust. Oceanic fracture zone propagate along plate movement directions, providing pathways for chains and clusters of seamount volcanoes. Warm sections of a layered u ...
... ages in eastern North America are NOT on mantle plume tracks. Lithospheric structures may control where mantle melts rise through the crust. Oceanic fracture zone propagate along plate movement directions, providing pathways for chains and clusters of seamount volcanoes. Warm sections of a layered u ...
the thin and solid outermost layer of Earth above the mantle
... Bubble in the correct answer on your scantron. 1. Continental Drift is a. the hypothesis that a single large landmass broke up into smaller landmasses to form the continents, which then drifted to their present locations; the movement of continents b. the theory that explains how large pieces of Ear ...
... Bubble in the correct answer on your scantron. 1. Continental Drift is a. the hypothesis that a single large landmass broke up into smaller landmasses to form the continents, which then drifted to their present locations; the movement of continents b. the theory that explains how large pieces of Ear ...
File
... 7. The western edge of the North American plate is very active. What plates come together at the western edge of North America? (map, top of p. 64) N America plate, Juan de Fuca plate, Pacific plate 8. Aside from South America, what two continental plates were touching North America during the time ...
... 7. The western edge of the North American plate is very active. What plates come together at the western edge of North America? (map, top of p. 64) N America plate, Juan de Fuca plate, Pacific plate 8. Aside from South America, what two continental plates were touching North America during the time ...
INTRODUCTION TO TECTONICS
... divergence produces transtension. The descent of one plate beneath the other and deep into the asthenosphere is the most common response to the space problem posed by convergence. ...
... divergence produces transtension. The descent of one plate beneath the other and deep into the asthenosphere is the most common response to the space problem posed by convergence. ...
Space geodetic observation of deep basal subduction erosion in
... V200 km has been constant, the fact that the drill point, which was subaerial at 16 Ma, is only 30 km apart from the trench now [23] suggests that the trench has retreated 170 km in 16 Myr, with an average rate of V10 km/Myr (10 mm/yr). Uneven erosion rates would let the slab dip angle a evolve in t ...
... V200 km has been constant, the fact that the drill point, which was subaerial at 16 Ma, is only 30 km apart from the trench now [23] suggests that the trench has retreated 170 km in 16 Myr, with an average rate of V10 km/Myr (10 mm/yr). Uneven erosion rates would let the slab dip angle a evolve in t ...
Y10 Geoactive tectonics
... deep trench forms at the bottom of the ocean. These ocean trenches form the deepest parts of the oceans. The Peru–Chile trench, for example, runs for thousands of kilometres along the eastern Pacific Ocean where the Nazca and South American plates meet. It ranges from 8 to 10 km in depth. As the oce ...
... deep trench forms at the bottom of the ocean. These ocean trenches form the deepest parts of the oceans. The Peru–Chile trench, for example, runs for thousands of kilometres along the eastern Pacific Ocean where the Nazca and South American plates meet. It ranges from 8 to 10 km in depth. As the oce ...
Right Side Crust
... D. Plate Boundaries The theory of plate tectonics posits that the Earth’s lithosphere is broken into a finite number of jigsaw puzzle-like pieces, or plates, which more relative to one another over a plastically-deforming (but still solid) asthenosphere. The boundaries between plates are marked by a ...
... D. Plate Boundaries The theory of plate tectonics posits that the Earth’s lithosphere is broken into a finite number of jigsaw puzzle-like pieces, or plates, which more relative to one another over a plastically-deforming (but still solid) asthenosphere. The boundaries between plates are marked by a ...
Mantle_1
... Covers about 70% of the Earth's surface Abyssal plains Flat, deep ocean floor Depth may be 3 - 5 km Sediments bury topography of oceanic crust Deep sea trenches The deepest part of the oceans May exceed 10.000 m deep Mariana trench and Tonga trench in the Pacific Ocean (subduction zones) - more than ...
... Covers about 70% of the Earth's surface Abyssal plains Flat, deep ocean floor Depth may be 3 - 5 km Sediments bury topography of oceanic crust Deep sea trenches The deepest part of the oceans May exceed 10.000 m deep Mariana trench and Tonga trench in the Pacific Ocean (subduction zones) - more than ...
platetectonics
... specializes in the study of earthquakes, showed that the global system of mid-ocean ridges was also an active seismic belt, or zone of earthquakes. An international group of geologists proposed that the seismic belt corresponded to a trough, or rift, system similar to the trough known at the crest o ...
... specializes in the study of earthquakes, showed that the global system of mid-ocean ridges was also an active seismic belt, or zone of earthquakes. An international group of geologists proposed that the seismic belt corresponded to a trough, or rift, system similar to the trough known at the crest o ...
Lecture 4
... plates move apart from one another. Convergent margin – A boundary along which two plates come together. Transform fault – A fracture in the lithosphere where two plates slide past each other. Subduction zone – A boundary along which one lithospheric plate descends into the mantle beneath another pl ...
... plates move apart from one another. Convergent margin – A boundary along which two plates come together. Transform fault – A fracture in the lithosphere where two plates slide past each other. Subduction zone – A boundary along which one lithospheric plate descends into the mantle beneath another pl ...
MORPHOLOGY OF EARTH
... From surface, density, temperature & pressure goes on increasing towards centre of Earth Below solid asthenosphere between 400-670 km depth lies the Mantle transition zone ...
... From surface, density, temperature & pressure goes on increasing towards centre of Earth Below solid asthenosphere between 400-670 km depth lies the Mantle transition zone ...
1 Midterm Exam I September 26, 2:10 HW714
... activity and the processes of erosion and deposition. • Near shore, the features of the ocean floor are similar to those of the adjacent continents because they share the same granitic basement. The transition to basalt marks the edge of the continent and divides ocean floors into two major province ...
... activity and the processes of erosion and deposition. • Near shore, the features of the ocean floor are similar to those of the adjacent continents because they share the same granitic basement. The transition to basalt marks the edge of the continent and divides ocean floors into two major province ...
CH02_Outline
... Mid-ocean ridge site of new ocean crust Oceanic trench site of crust destruction (subduction) ...
... Mid-ocean ridge site of new ocean crust Oceanic trench site of crust destruction (subduction) ...
L03 - D4 - Teacher - Processes of Plate Tectonics
... The collision forms a long trench which can be 8 to 10 km deep. Convergence can occur in one of three combinations: An ocean plate and a continental plate Between two ocean plates Between two continental plates ...
... The collision forms a long trench which can be 8 to 10 km deep. Convergence can occur in one of three combinations: An ocean plate and a continental plate Between two ocean plates Between two continental plates ...
The thermal structure of subduction zones constrained by seismic
... lithospheric plate. In most cases the interface between slab and wedge is inferred from the Wadati-Benioff zone (WBZ) geometry, allowing estimation of thermal structure in variety of subduction zones [e.g., 1]. However, the lack of control of the top of the downgoing plate independent of seismicity ...
... lithospheric plate. In most cases the interface between slab and wedge is inferred from the Wadati-Benioff zone (WBZ) geometry, allowing estimation of thermal structure in variety of subduction zones [e.g., 1]. However, the lack of control of the top of the downgoing plate independent of seismicity ...
The NE-Atlantic system
... 2008; Døssing et al., 2010). Assuming that the onset of deep-water exchange depended on the formation of a narrow, oceanic corridor, the Fram Strait gateway between the Artic and NE-Atlantic oceans probably formed during early Miocene times (20–15 Ma) (Engen et al., 2008). Since the Eocene, mantle m ...
... 2008; Døssing et al., 2010). Assuming that the onset of deep-water exchange depended on the formation of a narrow, oceanic corridor, the Fram Strait gateway between the Artic and NE-Atlantic oceans probably formed during early Miocene times (20–15 Ma) (Engen et al., 2008). Since the Eocene, mantle m ...
CHAPTER 3
... The ridges are also called spreading centers and trenches are called subduction zones (take a look at fig. 3.6 to see a schematic of how these all work together). The convection cells in the mantle are driven by heat. The heat is probably due to radioactive decay and the natural cooling of the plane ...
... The ridges are also called spreading centers and trenches are called subduction zones (take a look at fig. 3.6 to see a schematic of how these all work together). The convection cells in the mantle are driven by heat. The heat is probably due to radioactive decay and the natural cooling of the plane ...
Examples posted for the midterm test.
... Note that the test covers the following material: Geomagnetism (from slide 25) Plate Tectonics Earthquakes (up to slide 115) Several of these example questions will appear on the test. The test will be made up of 35 questions, all of which can be answered on a SCANTRON sheet. In each case select the ...
... Note that the test covers the following material: Geomagnetism (from slide 25) Plate Tectonics Earthquakes (up to slide 115) Several of these example questions will appear on the test. The test will be made up of 35 questions, all of which can be answered on a SCANTRON sheet. In each case select the ...
Oceanic trench
The oceanic trenches are hemispheric-scale long but narrow topographic depressions of the sea floor. They are also the deepest parts of the ocean floor. Oceanic trenches are a distinctive morphological feature of convergent plate boundaries, along which lithospheric plates move towards each other at rates that vary from a few mm to over ten cm per year. A trench marks the position at which the flexed, subducting slab begins to descend beneath another lithospheric slab. Trenches are generally parallel to a volcanic island arc, and about 200 km (120 mi) from a volcanic arc. Oceanic trenches typically extend 3 to 4 km (1.9 to 2.5 mi) below the level of the surrounding oceanic floor. The greatest ocean depth to be sounded is in the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench, at a depth of 11,034 m (36,201 ft) below sea level. Oceanic lithosphere moves into trenches at a global rate of about 3 km2/yr.