chapters 10 and 11
... at speeds of 6 km/second (so earthquake locations can be determined from timing of arrival of waves). - Sense of motion along fault can be figured out from whether the wave is an up or down motion when arrives. - Locations of earthquakes show where tectonic plates on Earth are interacting. - small, ...
... at speeds of 6 km/second (so earthquake locations can be determined from timing of arrival of waves). - Sense of motion along fault can be figured out from whether the wave is an up or down motion when arrives. - Locations of earthquakes show where tectonic plates on Earth are interacting. - small, ...
1 Lecture 24: Convergent boundaries November 22, 2006
... apparent paradox of having extension in an overall compressional environment can be explained by the process of slab roll back.. The descending slab acts as an anchor, but is able to move laterally simply because the slab is also gravitationally sinking into the mantle. Older, cold slabs sink faster ...
... apparent paradox of having extension in an overall compressional environment can be explained by the process of slab roll back.. The descending slab acts as an anchor, but is able to move laterally simply because the slab is also gravitationally sinking into the mantle. Older, cold slabs sink faster ...
Period
... What type of landform forms when two pieces of continental crust pull apart? What type of plate boundary is this called? Two plates slip past each other at a ___________________________________ boundary. What happens when two oceanic plates collide? What type of plate boundary is this called? What h ...
... What type of landform forms when two pieces of continental crust pull apart? What type of plate boundary is this called? Two plates slip past each other at a ___________________________________ boundary. What happens when two oceanic plates collide? What type of plate boundary is this called? What h ...
Plate Tetonics
... subducted under the other and in the process a deep oceanic trench is formed. The Marianas Trench, for example, is a deep trench created as the result of the Phillipine Plate subducting under the Pacific Plate. Oceanic-oceanic plate convergence also results in the formation of undersea volcanoes. Ov ...
... subducted under the other and in the process a deep oceanic trench is formed. The Marianas Trench, for example, is a deep trench created as the result of the Phillipine Plate subducting under the Pacific Plate. Oceanic-oceanic plate convergence also results in the formation of undersea volcanoes. Ov ...
A narrowly spaced double-seismic zone in the subducting Nazca plate
... [10] In the subducting oceanic crust at intermediate depths, eclogite formation is the most dominant source for water. This transformation is accompanied by a density increase and thus up to 10% volume reduction that induces a stretching deformation in the oceanic crust [Kirby et al., 1996]. The str ...
... [10] In the subducting oceanic crust at intermediate depths, eclogite formation is the most dominant source for water. This transformation is accompanied by a density increase and thus up to 10% volume reduction that induces a stretching deformation in the oceanic crust [Kirby et al., 1996]. The str ...
Understanding Plate Motions - Maria Montessori Academy Blog
... The size of the Earth has not changed significantly during the past 600 million years, and very likely not since shortly after its formation 4.6 billion years ago. The Earth's unchanging size implies that the crust must be destroyed at about the same rate as it is being created. Such destruction ...
... The size of the Earth has not changed significantly during the past 600 million years, and very likely not since shortly after its formation 4.6 billion years ago. The Earth's unchanging size implies that the crust must be destroyed at about the same rate as it is being created. Such destruction ...
Asymmetric Earth: mechanisms of plate tectonics and earthquakes∗
... at about km depth a layer where partial melting determines a low–velocity and low–viscosity layer at the top of the asthenosphere, allowing partial decoupling of the lithosphere with respect to the underlying mantle. The Earth’s rotation and the tidal despinning generate a torque acting on the l ...
... at about km depth a layer where partial melting determines a low–velocity and low–viscosity layer at the top of the asthenosphere, allowing partial decoupling of the lithosphere with respect to the underlying mantle. The Earth’s rotation and the tidal despinning generate a torque acting on the l ...
Text - I2M Associates
... much lower than would-be primitive composition [13, 15, 19]. Also, negative anomaly at Sr may reflect fractionation of plagioclase (Fig. 3a). Evidence of the volcanic products having undergone weathering alteration includes primary phenocrysts replaced by secondary minerals. For example, olivine is ...
... much lower than would-be primitive composition [13, 15, 19]. Also, negative anomaly at Sr may reflect fractionation of plagioclase (Fig. 3a). Evidence of the volcanic products having undergone weathering alteration includes primary phenocrysts replaced by secondary minerals. For example, olivine is ...
06_chapter 1
... The theory of Plate Tectonics in earth science is a relatively new scientific postulation and it has revolutionized our understanding of the dynamic planet Earth, upon which we live. In geology the word "plate" refers to thin and rigid slab of rocks, whereas "tectonics" term comes from the Greek roo ...
... The theory of Plate Tectonics in earth science is a relatively new scientific postulation and it has revolutionized our understanding of the dynamic planet Earth, upon which we live. In geology the word "plate" refers to thin and rigid slab of rocks, whereas "tectonics" term comes from the Greek roo ...
Plate tectonics chapter 4 test bank
... 132. What was the major problem with Wegener's theory of continental drift? 133. Why is there stress on the Earth's crust? 134. Use the following terms to create a concept map: sea-floor spreading, convergent boundary, divergent boundary, subduction zone, transform boundary, tectonic plates. 135. Wh ...
... 132. What was the major problem with Wegener's theory of continental drift? 133. Why is there stress on the Earth's crust? 134. Use the following terms to create a concept map: sea-floor spreading, convergent boundary, divergent boundary, subduction zone, transform boundary, tectonic plates. 135. Wh ...
Unit 4: Deformation of the Crust
... • Do now: This question may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. In the diagram below which shows a portion of the Earth's crust, what is the relative age of the igneous rock? a) It is older than the limestone but younger than the shale. b) It is younger than the limestone but olde ...
... • Do now: This question may require the use of the Earth Science Reference Tables. In the diagram below which shows a portion of the Earth's crust, what is the relative age of the igneous rock? a) It is older than the limestone but younger than the shale. b) It is younger than the limestone but olde ...
What drives the plates
... slab pull effect) as follows: ask them to identify three plates on a plate map: the Pacific plate, the Nazca plate and the South American plate; for each if these plates, ask them to approximately measure the total length of the plate margin (all parts of the margin, including the ridges/rifts, ...
... slab pull effect) as follows: ask them to identify three plates on a plate map: the Pacific plate, the Nazca plate and the South American plate; for each if these plates, ask them to approximately measure the total length of the plate margin (all parts of the margin, including the ridges/rifts, ...
Day1-AM2-Earths Interior (Goswami)
... or 5430C), pressure is 330 to 360 gigapascals (3,300,000 to 3,600,000 atm) • Composed of an iron–nickel alloy, average density of nearly 12.8 ~ 13.1 g/cm3 ...
... or 5430C), pressure is 330 to 360 gigapascals (3,300,000 to 3,600,000 atm) • Composed of an iron–nickel alloy, average density of nearly 12.8 ~ 13.1 g/cm3 ...
E ects of Lithospheric Strength on Convection in the Earth`s Mantle
... Convection in Earth's mantle is driven largely by horizontal density gradients that form when cold, dense, mantle lithosphere descends into the mantle interior, either through subduction for plate-scale ow, or as localized convective instability beneath lithospheric plates. The deformation associat ...
... Convection in Earth's mantle is driven largely by horizontal density gradients that form when cold, dense, mantle lithosphere descends into the mantle interior, either through subduction for plate-scale ow, or as localized convective instability beneath lithospheric plates. The deformation associat ...
Pacific microplate and the Pangea supercontinent in the Early to
... pulse in mantle plume activity forming oceanic plateaus on the Pacific plate at that time. This lack of evidence for mantle plume activity beneath the Pacific is not absolute proof there was none, as it all might have occurred on surrounding plates, which are now mostly subducted. However, that seem ...
... pulse in mantle plume activity forming oceanic plateaus on the Pacific plate at that time. This lack of evidence for mantle plume activity beneath the Pacific is not absolute proof there was none, as it all might have occurred on surrounding plates, which are now mostly subducted. However, that seem ...
Exam
... was accepted by scientists until the late 1960s was replaced by the theory of plate tectonics was incorporated within the theory of plate tectonics A and B are both correct; C is incorrect ...
... was accepted by scientists until the late 1960s was replaced by the theory of plate tectonics was incorporated within the theory of plate tectonics A and B are both correct; C is incorrect ...
Class notes (*) - LSU Geology & Geophysics
... based on his observation of drifting sheets of ice. ...
... based on his observation of drifting sheets of ice. ...
II. THE ROCK CYCLE Chapter 5: Earth Kinematics
... Ridge’ mountain chain in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean was younger than its flanks. There were no sediments on the tops of the mountain, only very fresh (unaltered) volcanic rock. The rocks in the middle of the oceans were erupted very recently, and decidedly not the oldest material on the planet ...
... Ridge’ mountain chain in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean was younger than its flanks. There were no sediments on the tops of the mountain, only very fresh (unaltered) volcanic rock. The rocks in the middle of the oceans were erupted very recently, and decidedly not the oldest material on the planet ...
Document
... about 20 distinct “plates” (~ 100 km thick), or lithosphere which move relative to each other • This motion is what causes earthquakes and makes mountain ranges ...
... about 20 distinct “plates” (~ 100 km thick), or lithosphere which move relative to each other • This motion is what causes earthquakes and makes mountain ranges ...
Mantle plume
A mantle plume is a mechanism proposed in 1971 to explain volcanic regions of the earth that were not thought to be explicable by the then-new theory of plate tectonics. Some such volcanic regions lie far from tectonic plate boundaries, for example, Hawaii. Others represent unusually large-volume volcanism, whether on plate boundaries, e.g. Iceland, or basalt floods such as the Deccan or Siberian traps.A mantle plume is posited to exist where hot rock nucleates at the core-mantle boundary and rises through the Earth's mantle becoming a diapir in the Earth's crust. The currently active volcanic centers are known as ""hot spots"". In particular, the concept that mantle plumes are fixed relative to one another, and anchored at the core-mantle boundary, was thought to provide a natural explanation for the time-progressive chains of older volcanoes seen extending out from some such hot spots, such as the Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain.The hypothesis of mantle plumes from depth is not universally accepted as explaining all such volcanism. It has required progressive hypothesis-elaboration leading to variant propositions such as mini-plumes and pulsing plumes. Another hypothesis for unusual volcanic regions is the ""Plate model"". This proposes shallower, passive leakage of magma from the mantle onto the Earth's surface where extension of the lithosphere permits it, attributing most volcanism to plate tectonic processes, with volcanoes far from plate boundaries resulting from intraplate extension.