Na+/K+ (Sodium/Potassium) Pump
... • The Na+/K+ pump illustrates "active transport" since it moves Na+ and K+ against their concentration gradients. • That is because there is already a high concentration of Na+ outside the cell and a high concentration of K+ inside the cell. ...
... • The Na+/K+ pump illustrates "active transport" since it moves Na+ and K+ against their concentration gradients. • That is because there is already a high concentration of Na+ outside the cell and a high concentration of K+ inside the cell. ...
No Slide Title
... calculated the speed of the impulse. He found that the speed of conduction through a reflex arc was significantly slower than that along a single axon, therefore there must be some delay at the synapses. 2. Summation: When a weak stimulus is applied (a pinch) a reflex may not be produced, howeve ...
... calculated the speed of the impulse. He found that the speed of conduction through a reflex arc was significantly slower than that along a single axon, therefore there must be some delay at the synapses. 2. Summation: When a weak stimulus is applied (a pinch) a reflex may not be produced, howeve ...
LESSON 2.4 WORKBOOK What do our neurons need to work
... kinesin carrying a vesicle. motors use the polarity of the microtutransport moves materibules as a cellular GPS. These plus-end als from the axon terminal towards the cell body. directed motors are a family of proteins called kinesins (Figure 25). In the cell body, kinesins, which actually look exac ...
... kinesin carrying a vesicle. motors use the polarity of the microtutransport moves materibules as a cellular GPS. These plus-end als from the axon terminal towards the cell body. directed motors are a family of proteins called kinesins (Figure 25). In the cell body, kinesins, which actually look exac ...
Bite Me!
... • The NMJ is just one type of synapse, formed by a neuron and a muscle cell • Neurotransmitters from the axon send signals to the muscle • Synapses can form between two neurons, or between a neuron and another type of cell ...
... • The NMJ is just one type of synapse, formed by a neuron and a muscle cell • Neurotransmitters from the axon send signals to the muscle • Synapses can form between two neurons, or between a neuron and another type of cell ...
New Challenges in CNS Repair: The Immune and
... numbers. In vitro, this precursor proliferates in response to astrocyte-derived factors and differentiates into both astrocytes and oligodendrocytes [21]. This extends the earlier demonstration of a non-proliferative adult human preoligodendrocyte. Myelination occurs when the membranous processes of ...
... numbers. In vitro, this precursor proliferates in response to astrocyte-derived factors and differentiates into both astrocytes and oligodendrocytes [21]. This extends the earlier demonstration of a non-proliferative adult human preoligodendrocyte. Myelination occurs when the membranous processes of ...
Figure 8-9
... 5. Explain the propagation of an action potential down an axon and describe how the refractory period contributes to this. 6. Describe the importance of myelination for action potential propagation. ...
... 5. Explain the propagation of an action potential down an axon and describe how the refractory period contributes to this. 6. Describe the importance of myelination for action potential propagation. ...
Notes 9 The Cell Membrane Questions and Vocabulary
... 7. What happens spontaneously when phospholipids are put in a watery environment? Explain. 8. Besides lipids, what other types of biomolecules are found in the membrane? 9. Describe two functions of membrane proteins. What are carbohydrates used for in the membrane? 10. What does “selective permeabi ...
... 7. What happens spontaneously when phospholipids are put in a watery environment? Explain. 8. Besides lipids, what other types of biomolecules are found in the membrane? 9. Describe two functions of membrane proteins. What are carbohydrates used for in the membrane? 10. What does “selective permeabi ...
Ionic Basis of Action Potentials
... Hodgkin & Huxley; Cole & Curtis (1939) – First intracellular recording of an action potential in the squid giant axon. The voltage overshoot during an AP disproved Bernstein’s “membrane breakdown hypothesis” and suggested that Na+ influx may be responsible for depolarizing phase of an AP ...
... Hodgkin & Huxley; Cole & Curtis (1939) – First intracellular recording of an action potential in the squid giant axon. The voltage overshoot during an AP disproved Bernstein’s “membrane breakdown hypothesis” and suggested that Na+ influx may be responsible for depolarizing phase of an AP ...
Sound waves enter through the: Aurical (pinna) To the External
... Vibrates the Endolymph of Cochlear Duct Which Vibrates the Basilar Membrane Moving the hair cells of the Organ of Corti (spiral organ) against the Tectorial Membrane The Stimulated hair cells synapse with sensory neurons in the Spiral Ganglion Sending an action potential along these Travels in the v ...
... Vibrates the Endolymph of Cochlear Duct Which Vibrates the Basilar Membrane Moving the hair cells of the Organ of Corti (spiral organ) against the Tectorial Membrane The Stimulated hair cells synapse with sensory neurons in the Spiral Ganglion Sending an action potential along these Travels in the v ...
- Eye, Brain, and Vision
... synapse (the presynaptic membrane), is a specialized and remarkable machine. First, it contains special channels that respond to depolarization by opening and letting positively charged calcium ions through. Since the concentration of calcium (like that of sodium) is higher outside the cell than ins ...
... synapse (the presynaptic membrane), is a specialized and remarkable machine. First, it contains special channels that respond to depolarization by opening and letting positively charged calcium ions through. Since the concentration of calcium (like that of sodium) is higher outside the cell than ins ...
Cell membrane phospholipids
... Functions of Phospholipases 1- Degradation of phospholipids Production of second messengers Digestion of phospholipids by pancreatic juice Pathogenic bacteria degrade phospholipids of membranes spread of infection 2- Remodeling of phospholipids: Specific phospholipase removes fatty acid from phos ...
... Functions of Phospholipases 1- Degradation of phospholipids Production of second messengers Digestion of phospholipids by pancreatic juice Pathogenic bacteria degrade phospholipids of membranes spread of infection 2- Remodeling of phospholipids: Specific phospholipase removes fatty acid from phos ...
Chapter 48
... Concept 48.2: Ion pumps and ion channels establish the resting potential of a neuron • Every cell has a voltage (difference in electrical charge) across its plasma membrane called a membrane potential • The resting potential is the membrane potential of a neuron not sending signals • Changes in mem ...
... Concept 48.2: Ion pumps and ion channels establish the resting potential of a neuron • Every cell has a voltage (difference in electrical charge) across its plasma membrane called a membrane potential • The resting potential is the membrane potential of a neuron not sending signals • Changes in mem ...
resting potential
... Concept 48.2: Ion pumps and ion channels establish the resting potential of a neuron • Every cell has a voltage (difference in electrical charge) across its plasma membrane called a membrane potential • The resting potential is the membrane potential of a neuron not sending signals • Changes in mem ...
... Concept 48.2: Ion pumps and ion channels establish the resting potential of a neuron • Every cell has a voltage (difference in electrical charge) across its plasma membrane called a membrane potential • The resting potential is the membrane potential of a neuron not sending signals • Changes in mem ...
Information Processing in the Central Nervous System
... Astrocytes, the most numerous glial cells in the brain, play an important role in mediating the relationship between neuronal activity and vascular activity. They are named for their star-shaped appearance, the result of numerous protoplasmic processes extending from the cell body (Figure 6.3). Thes ...
... Astrocytes, the most numerous glial cells in the brain, play an important role in mediating the relationship between neuronal activity and vascular activity. They are named for their star-shaped appearance, the result of numerous protoplasmic processes extending from the cell body (Figure 6.3). Thes ...
Resting potential - Neurons in Action
... Answer all underlined questions. You can answer them directly on this worksheet. Plots should be drawn on separate sheets of paper. In the Panel and Graph Manager window, press the button that says “K conductance only”. This will set the conductance to zero for all ions but potassium. In this simula ...
... Answer all underlined questions. You can answer them directly on this worksheet. Plots should be drawn on separate sheets of paper. In the Panel and Graph Manager window, press the button that says “K conductance only”. This will set the conductance to zero for all ions but potassium. In this simula ...
Ch48(2) - ISpatula
... B) The brief refractory period prevents reopening of voltage-gated Na+ channels. C) The axon hillock has a higher membrane potential than the terminals of the axon. D) Ions can flow along the axon in only one direction. E) Voltage-gated channels for both Na + and K+ open in only one direction. An ...
... B) The brief refractory period prevents reopening of voltage-gated Na+ channels. C) The axon hillock has a higher membrane potential than the terminals of the axon. D) Ions can flow along the axon in only one direction. E) Voltage-gated channels for both Na + and K+ open in only one direction. An ...
Axon - Cloudfront.net
... Only cells with excitable membranes (like muscle cells and neurons) can generate APs. ...
... Only cells with excitable membranes (like muscle cells and neurons) can generate APs. ...
EXCITABLE TISSUES
... This is the Absolute Refractory Period . The membrane then gradually returns to normal Relative Refractory Period. Early in the RRP the membrane can be excited but it requires a much higher voltage (stimulus). ...
... This is the Absolute Refractory Period . The membrane then gradually returns to normal Relative Refractory Period. Early in the RRP the membrane can be excited but it requires a much higher voltage (stimulus). ...
Ch 7 - Nervous system
... membrane allows sodium (Na+) to flow inside the membrane • The exchange of ions initiates an action potential in the neuron ...
... membrane allows sodium (Na+) to flow inside the membrane • The exchange of ions initiates an action potential in the neuron ...
Document
... • physician can monitor and control progress T. Hogg and D. Sretavan, Controlling Tiny Multi-Scale Robots for Nerve Repair, Proc. of AAAI-2005 ...
... • physician can monitor and control progress T. Hogg and D. Sretavan, Controlling Tiny Multi-Scale Robots for Nerve Repair, Proc. of AAAI-2005 ...
Nervous system Lab - Sonoma Valley High School
... Be able to contrast an action potential and resting potential in terms of charges on the membranes and the ion concentrations. (Pages 259-262) Be able to explain how an impulse bridges the gap between two neurons. (Pages 263-264) Explain what factors determine if neurons can regenerate. (Page 259) ...
... Be able to contrast an action potential and resting potential in terms of charges on the membranes and the ion concentrations. (Pages 259-262) Be able to explain how an impulse bridges the gap between two neurons. (Pages 263-264) Explain what factors determine if neurons can regenerate. (Page 259) ...
Node of Ranvier
The nodes of Ranvier also known as myelin sheath gaps, are the gaps (approximately 1 micrometer in length) formed between the myelin sheaths generated by different cells. A myelin sheath is a many-layered coating, largely composed of a fatty substance called myelin, that wraps around the axon of a neuron and very efficiently insulates it. At nodes of Ranvier, the axonal membrane is uninsulated and, therefore, capable of generating electrical activity.