Interaction between G proteins and accessory в subunits in
... differences due to the inactivation rate. The only exception was the steady-state inactivation protocol, where currents were measured at their peak within 100 ms, since no G protein involvement was studied. All values are means ± s.e.m., and statistical significances were determined by Student’s t t ...
... differences due to the inactivation rate. The only exception was the steady-state inactivation protocol, where currents were measured at their peak within 100 ms, since no G protein involvement was studied. All values are means ± s.e.m., and statistical significances were determined by Student’s t t ...
Modulation of Calcium Channel Function in Nerve Cell Membrane
... the natural modulatory action of serotonin on calcium channels, and this mechanism is not expressed in cells in which the function of serotonin and the corresponding receptors are absent (Kostyuk et al. 1990). Adenylate cyclase is a complex system of membrane proteins in which an important role is p ...
... the natural modulatory action of serotonin on calcium channels, and this mechanism is not expressed in cells in which the function of serotonin and the corresponding receptors are absent (Kostyuk et al. 1990). Adenylate cyclase is a complex system of membrane proteins in which an important role is p ...
Active dendrites, potassium channels and synaptic plasticity
... Strong support for the importance of back-propagating APs and LTP induction was provided by a technically challenging set of experiments carried out by Jeff Magee (Magee & Johnston 1997). Dendritic recordings were made during synaptic stimulation alone, and when EPSPs were paired with b-APs. When th ...
... Strong support for the importance of back-propagating APs and LTP induction was provided by a technically challenging set of experiments carried out by Jeff Magee (Magee & Johnston 1997). Dendritic recordings were made during synaptic stimulation alone, and when EPSPs were paired with b-APs. When th ...
Co-ordination of signalling elements in guard cell ion
... have shown that I activation is dependent on the K,out co-operative interaction of 2 K+ ions with the channel, but at a site (or sites) distinct from the channel pore. The apparent K for interaction was strongly voltage1/2 dependent, accounting for the equivalence of (negative) membrane voltage and ...
... have shown that I activation is dependent on the K,out co-operative interaction of 2 K+ ions with the channel, but at a site (or sites) distinct from the channel pore. The apparent K for interaction was strongly voltage1/2 dependent, accounting for the equivalence of (negative) membrane voltage and ...
1 Expression of Ion Channels in Xenopus Oocytes
... that are observed may not be identical to those characterized in native tissues, although it is often difficult to make a direct comparison because the native cell usually contains multiple different types of channels. In addition, the functional properties may depend on the subunit composition, in ...
... that are observed may not be identical to those characterized in native tissues, although it is often difficult to make a direct comparison because the native cell usually contains multiple different types of channels. In addition, the functional properties may depend on the subunit composition, in ...
Fig. 2 - Journal of Neuroscience
... 2013c). This translates into increased postsynaptic excitability of the sinoatrial node due to a greater conductance of ICaL2⫹ and an increase in heart rate (Heaton et al., 2006). The observed differences in [Ca 2⫹]i may be partially explained by altered mitochondrial Ca 2⫹ handling (Li et al., 2012 ...
... 2013c). This translates into increased postsynaptic excitability of the sinoatrial node due to a greater conductance of ICaL2⫹ and an increase in heart rate (Heaton et al., 2006). The observed differences in [Ca 2⫹]i may be partially explained by altered mitochondrial Ca 2⫹ handling (Li et al., 2012 ...
Submembraneous microtubule cytoskeleton: biochemical and
... with various microtubule-associated proteins such as MAPs, Tau, as well as others. Indeed, binding of TRPV1-Ct with tubulin was abolished when the E-hooks containing over-hangs were removed by protease treatment [29]. The tubulin-binding region of TRPV1 apparently is under high evolutionary pressure ...
... with various microtubule-associated proteins such as MAPs, Tau, as well as others. Indeed, binding of TRPV1-Ct with tubulin was abolished when the E-hooks containing over-hangs were removed by protease treatment [29]. The tubulin-binding region of TRPV1 apparently is under high evolutionary pressure ...
Synapses lecture 2012 De Camilli final
... neurotransmitters) have slow modulatory actions If axon releases a large amount of neurotransmitter, it will also release neuropeptides that modulate the response of the post-synaptic cell. The neuropeptide prepares the post-synaptic cell to receive a barrage of neurotransmitter. ...
... neurotransmitters) have slow modulatory actions If axon releases a large amount of neurotransmitter, it will also release neuropeptides that modulate the response of the post-synaptic cell. The neuropeptide prepares the post-synaptic cell to receive a barrage of neurotransmitter. ...
Ways of Ion Channel Gating in Plant Cells
... increased [Ca2 ]cyt (Grabov and Blatt, 1997). They do not show such pronounced sensitivity towards external pH but require slightly alkaline cytosolic pH for activation (Blatt and Grabov, 1997a). Alkaline pHcyt activates IKout in a voltage-dependent manner through a co-operative binding of two prot ...
... increased [Ca2 ]cyt (Grabov and Blatt, 1997). They do not show such pronounced sensitivity towards external pH but require slightly alkaline cytosolic pH for activation (Blatt and Grabov, 1997a). Alkaline pHcyt activates IKout in a voltage-dependent manner through a co-operative binding of two prot ...
Novel Insights into the Pathomechanisms of Skeletal Muscle
... produces the same phenotype as two copies. When homozygotes are more severely affected inheritance is semidominant. The extreme rarity (or lethality) of homozygotes for dominant mutations means many diseases traditionally classified as dominant on the basis of their occurrence in heterozygotes ar ...
... produces the same phenotype as two copies. When homozygotes are more severely affected inheritance is semidominant. The extreme rarity (or lethality) of homozygotes for dominant mutations means many diseases traditionally classified as dominant on the basis of their occurrence in heterozygotes ar ...
STIM1 and TRP - PublicationsList.org
... • Prwevious name Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channel protein 1 (CRACM1) • Orai1, Orai2, Orai3 • 301 aa; Four transmembrane domains • Forms multimeric ion channels in the PM • Low concentrations of 2-APB activate and high conc inhibit Orai1 • Orai3 is stimuleted by 2-APB ...
... • Prwevious name Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channel protein 1 (CRACM1) • Orai1, Orai2, Orai3 • 301 aa; Four transmembrane domains • Forms multimeric ion channels in the PM • Low concentrations of 2-APB activate and high conc inhibit Orai1 • Orai3 is stimuleted by 2-APB ...
Muscle contraction
... The acetylcholine diffuses across the synapse and binds to nicotinic receptors on the motor end plate, opening channels in the membrane for sodium and potassium. Sodium rushes in, while potassium trickles out through the sodium-potassium (Na/K) pump located in the sarcolemma However, because sodium ...
... The acetylcholine diffuses across the synapse and binds to nicotinic receptors on the motor end plate, opening channels in the membrane for sodium and potassium. Sodium rushes in, while potassium trickles out through the sodium-potassium (Na/K) pump located in the sarcolemma However, because sodium ...
Nav1.5 cardiac sodium channels, regulation and
... channels without changes in the kinetic properties of the myocytes (29). The intracellular calcium level modulates that inactivation of the Nav1.5 in three regions of the channel: between the domains DIII and DIV, in two regions of the carboxyl terminus, and in isoleucine and glutamine sequences kno ...
... channels without changes in the kinetic properties of the myocytes (29). The intracellular calcium level modulates that inactivation of the Nav1.5 in three regions of the channel: between the domains DIII and DIV, in two regions of the carboxyl terminus, and in isoleucine and glutamine sequences kno ...
Nav1.5 cardiac sodium channels, regulation and clinical implications
... channels without changes in the kinetic properties of the myocytes (29). The intracellular calcium level modulates that inactivation of the Nav1.5 in three regions of the channel: between the domains DIII and DIV, in two regions of the carboxyl terminus, and in isoleucine and glutamine sequences kno ...
... channels without changes in the kinetic properties of the myocytes (29). The intracellular calcium level modulates that inactivation of the Nav1.5 in three regions of the channel: between the domains DIII and DIV, in two regions of the carboxyl terminus, and in isoleucine and glutamine sequences kno ...
I inhibition: a novel mechanism of action
... participates in the control of cardiac rate have been subject to intense debate since the current was first described in the sinoatrial node.7,14 An indication of the possible functions of If can easily be derived from its elementary properties.7,12 If is a mixed Na+ and K+ current that is activated ...
... participates in the control of cardiac rate have been subject to intense debate since the current was first described in the sinoatrial node.7,14 An indication of the possible functions of If can easily be derived from its elementary properties.7,12 If is a mixed Na+ and K+ current that is activated ...
Roles of ion channels and transporters in guard cell signal
... animals; however, while Shaker channels are outwardly-rectifying, individual plant K+ channels may be inwardly-rectifying, outwardly-rectifying, or weakly rectifying (Fig. 2). The inward K+ channels KAT1, KAT2, AKT1, the outward K+ channel GORK, the K+ channel AKT2/3, whose rectification properties a ...
... animals; however, while Shaker channels are outwardly-rectifying, individual plant K+ channels may be inwardly-rectifying, outwardly-rectifying, or weakly rectifying (Fig. 2). The inward K+ channels KAT1, KAT2, AKT1, the outward K+ channel GORK, the K+ channel AKT2/3, whose rectification properties a ...
The cardiac pacemaker current Journal of Molecular and Cellular
... sinoatrial If activation is compatible with a functional presence of the current at diastolic potentials (Table 1 in [19]); for example, recent experiments carried out on human SAN cells indicate that threshold for If activation occurs between −50 and − 60 mV, a voltage range well comprised in the d ...
... sinoatrial If activation is compatible with a functional presence of the current at diastolic potentials (Table 1 in [19]); for example, recent experiments carried out on human SAN cells indicate that threshold for If activation occurs between −50 and − 60 mV, a voltage range well comprised in the d ...
The functional interaction of accessory proteins and voltage
... and co-expression of β3-subunit with NaV1.8 in Xenopus oocytes increased the peak current amplitude when compared with NaV1.8 expressed alone [21]. A significant increase in β3 mRNA expression can be also detected in small diameter sensory neurons of the ipsilateral DRG in the chronic constriction i ...
... and co-expression of β3-subunit with NaV1.8 in Xenopus oocytes increased the peak current amplitude when compared with NaV1.8 expressed alone [21]. A significant increase in β3 mRNA expression can be also detected in small diameter sensory neurons of the ipsilateral DRG in the chronic constriction i ...
physiology of ion transport across the tonoplast of higher plants
... They are insensitive to azide and more sensitive than the F-ATPases to Nethylmaleimide (NEM), nitrate, and bafilomycin A1 (114). The V-ATPases are large protein complexes composed of 7 to 10 different subunits that appear to copurify with the enzyme, depending on the species, with a native molecular ...
... They are insensitive to azide and more sensitive than the F-ATPases to Nethylmaleimide (NEM), nitrate, and bafilomycin A1 (114). The V-ATPases are large protein complexes composed of 7 to 10 different subunits that appear to copurify with the enzyme, depending on the species, with a native molecular ...
Advances in Genetics - Department of Biology
... tissues have been recorded since the early 1970s, the genes encoding for these channels, which were shown to be critical for regulating salt exchange in the kidney and blood pressure, were not identified until the early 1990s (Canessa et al., 1993, 1994a; Lingueglia et al., 1993a,b). The successful ...
... tissues have been recorded since the early 1970s, the genes encoding for these channels, which were shown to be critical for regulating salt exchange in the kidney and blood pressure, were not identified until the early 1990s (Canessa et al., 1993, 1994a; Lingueglia et al., 1993a,b). The successful ...
Selective Coupling of T-Type Calcium Channels to SK Potassium
... Dryer, 1994; Marrion and Tavalin, 1998; Sah and Davies, 2000; Bowden et al., 2001). In addition, calcium signals generated by Cav channels might be amplified by secondary calcium release from intracellular stores, which also has been shown to activate SK channels in various cell types (Yoshizaki et ...
... Dryer, 1994; Marrion and Tavalin, 1998; Sah and Davies, 2000; Bowden et al., 2001). In addition, calcium signals generated by Cav channels might be amplified by secondary calcium release from intracellular stores, which also has been shown to activate SK channels in various cell types (Yoshizaki et ...
molecular mechanisms and regulation of k+ transport in higher plants
... Biochemical and reverse genetics analyses directly support this hypothesis in Arabidopsis. The Arabidopsis Shaker family, which comprises nine members, is to date the best-characterized family of plant transport systems. The available information (Table 1) (Figure 2) suggests that these channels are ...
... Biochemical and reverse genetics analyses directly support this hypothesis in Arabidopsis. The Arabidopsis Shaker family, which comprises nine members, is to date the best-characterized family of plant transport systems. The available information (Table 1) (Figure 2) suggests that these channels are ...
Determination of the Correlation between Conductance and Architecture of Disordered ß-amyloid Channels
... Introducing charge on the surrounding membrane, which replicates the effect of having charged lipids, results in the reduction of the conductance dynamic range for Scenario II (Table 3) (0.6810.36 nS) as compared to Scenario I (Table 2) (0.31-15.90 nS). The charged lipids are negatively charged, whi ...
... Introducing charge on the surrounding membrane, which replicates the effect of having charged lipids, results in the reduction of the conductance dynamic range for Scenario II (Table 3) (0.6810.36 nS) as compared to Scenario I (Table 2) (0.31-15.90 nS). The charged lipids are negatively charged, whi ...
A new look at sodium channel b subunits
... the cell interior is negative relative to the exterior). The negative resting membrane potential is largely set by the greater membrane permeability of potassium ions compared with that of sodium ions. This occurs in the presence of a high intracellular potassium ion concentration relative to the ex ...
... the cell interior is negative relative to the exterior). The negative resting membrane potential is largely set by the greater membrane permeability of potassium ions compared with that of sodium ions. This occurs in the presence of a high intracellular potassium ion concentration relative to the ex ...
Enhancement of Hippocampal Pyramidal Cell Excitability by the
... Data were analyzed using pCLAMP software. The average amplitude of three successive records of sIAHP and sAHP traces in the presence of the drug was expressed as a percentage of that in the absence of the compound. The sIAHP and sAHP decay time constants, as well as the amplitude of the mIAHP record ...
... Data were analyzed using pCLAMP software. The average amplitude of three successive records of sIAHP and sAHP traces in the presence of the drug was expressed as a percentage of that in the absence of the compound. The sIAHP and sAHP decay time constants, as well as the amplitude of the mIAHP record ...