mag_reversals302
... geomagnetic field, the magnitude of the geomagnetic field vector, often symbolized by F, or Fobs , to denote that it is the observed total intensity. These measurements lead to a plot of Fobs versus distance along the track. • The main internal geomagnetic field (produced in the outer core), Fg, is ...
... geomagnetic field, the magnitude of the geomagnetic field vector, often symbolized by F, or Fobs , to denote that it is the observed total intensity. These measurements lead to a plot of Fobs versus distance along the track. • The main internal geomagnetic field (produced in the outer core), Fg, is ...
oceanic crust
... The Earth is composed of four different layers. The crust is the layer that you live on, and it is the most widely studied and understood. The mantle is much hotter and has the ability to flow. The outer core and inner core are even hotter with pressures so great you would be squeezed into a ball sm ...
... The Earth is composed of four different layers. The crust is the layer that you live on, and it is the most widely studied and understood. The mantle is much hotter and has the ability to flow. The outer core and inner core are even hotter with pressures so great you would be squeezed into a ball sm ...
Testing the plate tectonics model Evidence for the plate tectonics
... chains that circle the globe and often mimic the shape of the coastline • Distribution and depths of earthquakes and volcanoes • Relatively young age of the oceanic crust (less than 180 million years) • Lack of deep-ocean sediment ...
... chains that circle the globe and often mimic the shape of the coastline • Distribution and depths of earthquakes and volcanoes • Relatively young age of the oceanic crust (less than 180 million years) • Lack of deep-ocean sediment ...
EART 118 Seismotectonics
... Strength increases with depth in the brittle region due to the increasing normal stress, and then decreases with depth in the ductile region due to increasing temperature. Hence strength is highest at the brittle-ductile transition. Strength decreases rapidly below this transition, so the lithospher ...
... Strength increases with depth in the brittle region due to the increasing normal stress, and then decreases with depth in the ductile region due to increasing temperature. Hence strength is highest at the brittle-ductile transition. Strength decreases rapidly below this transition, so the lithospher ...
4-2 Erosion NOTES
... Abrasion-Rock surfaces are blown off by extreme wind Gravity Gravity causes erosion when material falls off of cliffs or elevated surfaces Material is very poorly sorted at the base of the cliff (big sediments mixed with small sediments) No time for material to be sorted by size Water Erosio ...
... Abrasion-Rock surfaces are blown off by extreme wind Gravity Gravity causes erosion when material falls off of cliffs or elevated surfaces Material is very poorly sorted at the base of the cliff (big sediments mixed with small sediments) No time for material to be sorted by size Water Erosio ...
Pre/Co-Requisite Challenge for Field Courses
... 1. Rocks and the Rock Cycle: What is a rock? Characteristics of felsic vs. mafic rocks. How do igneous (plutonic/intrusive and volcanic/extrusive), sedimentary (clastic and non-‐ clastic) and metamorphic rocks ...
... 1. Rocks and the Rock Cycle: What is a rock? Characteristics of felsic vs. mafic rocks. How do igneous (plutonic/intrusive and volcanic/extrusive), sedimentary (clastic and non-‐ clastic) and metamorphic rocks ...
earthquake - Westmoreland Central School
... • Earthquake waves help determine properties of Earth’s interior such as: – thickness – composition – temperature – density – pressure ...
... • Earthquake waves help determine properties of Earth’s interior such as: – thickness – composition – temperature – density – pressure ...
What are earthquakes?
... boundaries of the Earth’s plates. At plate boundaries two separate parts of the Earth’s crust either move towards, or past each other. As plates rub against each other friction can lock them together. ...
... boundaries of the Earth’s plates. At plate boundaries two separate parts of the Earth’s crust either move towards, or past each other. As plates rub against each other friction can lock them together. ...
Plate tectonics and the distribution of Earthquakes
... The theory of plate tectonics states that the crust (lithosphere) is broken into 16 big slabs called plates. These plates are floating on magma and moving around as a result. The earth’s core generates huge convection currents, the plates move because of this. The convection currents in the upper ma ...
... The theory of plate tectonics states that the crust (lithosphere) is broken into 16 big slabs called plates. These plates are floating on magma and moving around as a result. The earth’s core generates huge convection currents, the plates move because of this. The convection currents in the upper ma ...
End of the Year Study Guide
... -More mass=more inertia -friction-a force that acts to resist sliding between 2 touching surfaces 2nd law-mass and acceleration -A net force will cause an object to change velocity and accelerate. More mass = less acceleration (throwing a pencil vs. throwing a bowling ball) ...
... -More mass=more inertia -friction-a force that acts to resist sliding between 2 touching surfaces 2nd law-mass and acceleration -A net force will cause an object to change velocity and accelerate. More mass = less acceleration (throwing a pencil vs. throwing a bowling ball) ...
How and Where Do Earthquakes Occur? Causes of Earthquakes
... – P-waves or primary waves travel the fastest. – S-waves or secondary waves travel more slowly than p-waves and vibrate in all directions perpendicular to the direction of travel. ...
... – P-waves or primary waves travel the fastest. – S-waves or secondary waves travel more slowly than p-waves and vibrate in all directions perpendicular to the direction of travel. ...
Science Chapter 3 - Plymouth Christian School
... • sedimentary rock – a type of rock that forms when sediments are pressed together in layers ...
... • sedimentary rock – a type of rock that forms when sediments are pressed together in layers ...
ES Spring Exam Study
... 58. Ch 19- How do sediments close to shore compare to deep ocean sediments? 59. Ch 20- not tested 60. Ch 21- Coriolis effect 61. gyre 62. What causes surface currents? 63. How does the Gulf Stream affect Europe’s climate? 64. What happens as a tsunami approaches shore? 65. What causes tides? 66. Ch ...
... 58. Ch 19- How do sediments close to shore compare to deep ocean sediments? 59. Ch 20- not tested 60. Ch 21- Coriolis effect 61. gyre 62. What causes surface currents? 63. How does the Gulf Stream affect Europe’s climate? 64. What happens as a tsunami approaches shore? 65. What causes tides? 66. Ch ...
Convergent plate boundary - Department of Geology UPRM
... Source: After R.S. Dietz and J.C. Holden, “Reconstruction of Pangaea,” Journal of Geophysical Research, 75:4939-4956, 1970, copyright by the American Geophysical Union. ...
... Source: After R.S. Dietz and J.C. Holden, “Reconstruction of Pangaea,” Journal of Geophysical Research, 75:4939-4956, 1970, copyright by the American Geophysical Union. ...
Isostatic Rebound-Actvity writeup.pages
... rela1ve to the rest of the planet, the crust is very thin! We can think of it as Earth's skin, with several more layers of the planet beneath it. We oZen think of the lithosphere as solid ...
... rela1ve to the rest of the planet, the crust is very thin! We can think of it as Earth's skin, with several more layers of the planet beneath it. We oZen think of the lithosphere as solid ...
CHAPTER 19
... Deaths associated with earthquake deaths in sloping areas can result from ____. a. tsunamis c. formation of fault scarps b. ...
... Deaths associated with earthquake deaths in sloping areas can result from ____. a. tsunamis c. formation of fault scarps b. ...
Earth Science Unit Test #1 Study Guide
... Soil is made up of mostly weathered rock. The process of weathering helps form soil. Soil contains organic (living or once-living) and inorganic (not living) matter o Organic matter includes living organisms like decomposers and decaying plants and animals called humus. Humus is decaying plant and ...
... Soil is made up of mostly weathered rock. The process of weathering helps form soil. Soil contains organic (living or once-living) and inorganic (not living) matter o Organic matter includes living organisms like decomposers and decaying plants and animals called humus. Humus is decaying plant and ...
Earthquakes - PreventionWeb
... signal directly from the seismogram. However, we also have to know how far away the earthquake was. This is because the amplitude of the seismic waves decreases with distance, so we must correct for this. In 1932 Charles Richter devised the first magnitude scale for measuring earthquake size. This i ...
... signal directly from the seismogram. However, we also have to know how far away the earthquake was. This is because the amplitude of the seismic waves decreases with distance, so we must correct for this. In 1932 Charles Richter devised the first magnitude scale for measuring earthquake size. This i ...
Document
... B) mainly anticlines and synclines (folding) as Africa collides with Madagascar C) mainly normal faulting as East Africa begins to rift apart D) mainly transform faulting along zones connecting the rift with the Red Sea Which one of the following statements concerning foci and epicenters is correct? ...
... B) mainly anticlines and synclines (folding) as Africa collides with Madagascar C) mainly normal faulting as East Africa begins to rift apart D) mainly transform faulting along zones connecting the rift with the Red Sea Which one of the following statements concerning foci and epicenters is correct? ...
Volcano - Lamberth APES
... calculated using the arrival times for the P and S waves and then pinpointed using information from 3 or more recording stations. ...
... calculated using the arrival times for the P and S waves and then pinpointed using information from 3 or more recording stations. ...
Geophysics
Geophysics /dʒiːoʊfɪzɪks/ is a subject of natural science concerned with the physical processes and physical properties of the Earth and its surrounding space environment, and the use of quantitative methods for their analysis. The term geophysics sometimes refers only to the geological applications: Earth's shape; its gravitational and magnetic fields; its internal structure and composition; its dynamics and their surface expression in plate tectonics, the generation of magmas, volcanism and rock formation. However, modern geophysics organizations use a broader definition that includes the water cycle including snow and ice; fluid dynamics of the oceans and the atmosphere; electricity and magnetism in the ionosphere and magnetosphere and solar-terrestrial relations; and analogous problems associated with the Moon and other planets.Although geophysics was only recognized as a separate discipline in the 19th century, its origins go back to ancient times. The first magnetic compasses were made from lodestones, while more modern magnetic compasses played an important role in the history of navigation. The first seismic instrument was built in 132 BC. Isaac Newton applied his theory of mechanics to the tides and the precession of the equinox; and instruments were developed to measure the Earth's shape, density and gravity field, as well as the components of the water cycle. In the 20th century, geophysical methods were developed for remote exploration of the solid Earth and the ocean, and geophysics played an essential role in the development of the theory of plate tectonics.Geophysics is applied to societal needs, such as mineral resources, mitigation of natural hazards and environmental protection. Geophysical survey data are used to analyze potential petroleum reservoirs and mineral deposits, locate groundwater, find archaeological relics, determine the thickness of glaciers and soils, and assess sites for environmental remediation.