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Motion and light2012
Motion and light2012

... push away; some push together) Tectonic plates are large pieces of the lithosphere that are in constant motion. Some move cm each year; others just mm Distance=5cm/year x 1000 years=5000cm (50m) ...
File
File

... Subduction Zones and Volcanoes At some convergent boundaries, an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate. Oceanic crust tends to be denser and thinner than continental crust, so the denser oceanic crust gets bent and pulled under, or subducted, beneath the lighter and thicker continental cru ...
Name: Date: Geology 101: Plate Tectonics Introduction: Plate
Name: Date: Geology 101: Plate Tectonics Introduction: Plate

... Plate tectonics is the widely accepted scientific theory of large-scale movements and deformation of the Earth's lithosphere (the crust and upper mantle). All of the continents and ocean floor that we see today sit upon rigid plates that are independent of one another. These plates can contact each ...
Lesson 6: Earthquakes Factsheet for teachers
Lesson 6: Earthquakes Factsheet for teachers

msword - rgs.org
msword - rgs.org

... This lesson uses the following geographical terms. These should be used and explained to pupils as the lesson is taught. Some of these should already be familiar to pupils. The Earth’s crust is not one solid piece of land, but is formed of many different pieces or plates. There are eight major plate ...
Field Guide Local Geology Review
Field Guide Local Geology Review

... opaque, smooth, dense, microcrystalline SiO2 (can’t see crystals). Hard (can’t scratch with steel). ...
Asymmetric ocean basins - Indico
Asymmetric ocean basins - Indico

Name ____Justin Powers______ Date ______ Period ____ Plate
Name ____Justin Powers______ Date ______ Period ____ Plate

... Roll your mouse over the image to find the definitions of the words below: Continental Crust - The Earth’s crust that makes up the continents Mountain – A high, large mass of earth and rock that rises above the Earth’s surface with steep or sloping sides 2. At divergent boundaries, tectonic plates a ...
NORWOOD SCIENCE CENTER
NORWOOD SCIENCE CENTER

... the crustal plates come together. The boundaries between the plates are actually huge cracks in the crust. As the plates slowly move, their edges grind together. The plates move against each other along these cracks in crustal rocks. A place where the rock has moved on one or both sides of a crack i ...
09_Testbank
09_Testbank

... E) volcanism, which produced heavy volcanoes that bent and cracked the lithosphere Answer: C 32) Which of the following describes tectonics? A) the excavation of bowl-shaped depressions by asteroids or comets striking a planet's surface B) the eruption of molten rock from a planet's interior to its ...
Rocks - luckeyscience
Rocks - luckeyscience

... Gypsum and Halite are two of the most common chemical sedimentary rocks.  They can also be minerals!  They formed by dissolved chemicals crystallizing as water evaporates.  For this reason they are sometimes called EVAPORITES. ...
Earth Science 3.4 - Sleeping Dog Studios
Earth Science 3.4 - Sleeping Dog Studios

... results in large-scale deformation and high grade metamorphism. ...
Sample
Sample

... 1. How is the age distribution pattern of the Hawaiian Islands–Emperor Seamount Chain explained by the position of the Hawaiian hotspot? What could have caused the curious bend in the chain? From the island of Hawaii, the only active volcano in the chain, there extends a northwest trending line of i ...
Sample
Sample

... 1. How is the age distribution pattern of the Hawaiian Islands–Emperor Seamount Chain explained by the position of the Hawaiian hotspot? What could have caused the curious bend in the chain? From the island of Hawaii, the only active volcano in the chain, there extends a northwest trending line of i ...
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE II
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE II

... II. Ridge Push: convective pressure gradient force distributed throughout the slab above the compensation depth. It is the next most important force behind slab pull, although it has been estimated that it constitutes only 5-10% the driving force due to subducting slabs. It is now recognized that it ...
WHAT`S UP WITH PLATE TECTONICS? Earth`s lithosphere is
WHAT`S UP WITH PLATE TECTONICS? Earth`s lithosphere is

... At the convergent boundary, plates come together and collide. What happens depends upon the types of crust that meet! There are three types of convergent boundaries. Along with the many landforms (features) that are created, earthquakes occur! 1. When 2 oceanic plates collide, the denser of the two ...
What caused the tsunami
What caused the tsunami

... series of huge waves that devastated the coastal areas of Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, southern India, and islands in the Indian Ocean, with waves up to 15 metres in height. The earthquake was the fourth largest recorded in 100 years and was felt some 2,100 km (1,300 miles) away in India. The tsu ...
Sendai Earthquake
Sendai Earthquake

... Japan Trench that is not thickly sedimented. In this way it's like the northern Chile and also Kamchatka subduction zones, two other poorlysedimented subduction zones that have had similar ruptures and earthquakes (Mw in the high 8s to 9). A common characteristic of all three locales is that the rup ...
Book - School of Geosciences
Book - School of Geosciences

... Gerya, T.V., J. A.D.Connolly, D. A.Yuen, W. Gorczyk, A. M.Capel, 2006: Seismic implications of mantle wedge plumes . Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 156 (2006) 59–74. Gribble, C.D. & Hall, A.J., 1993. A practical introduction to Optical Mineralogy. UCL Press - new printer from old versi ...
Sendai Earthquake
Sendai Earthquake

Cracking Up
Cracking Up

Origin of the Newberry Hotspot Track: Evidence from
Origin of the Newberry Hotspot Track: Evidence from

... signature, which are characteristic of many hotspots. Yet, despite these features, evidence for an upwelling conduit through the upper mantle beneath Yellowstone remains unclear and the debate continues as to whether a mantle plume is the origin [3,10–15]. The Newberry hotspot is far less studied th ...
9.5 Geology of Venus
9.5 Geology of Venus

Paper - EarthByte
Paper - EarthByte

... seafloor has experienced limited fluctuations in the past 200 My, while others have suggested that larger variations would fit the observations equally well (Demicco, 2004; Seton et al., 2009). In addition, relatively fast seafloor spreading was proposed for the midCenozoic (Conrad and Lithgow-Bertellon ...
Convergence of tectonic reconstructions and mantle
Convergence of tectonic reconstructions and mantle

... seafloor has experienced limited fluctuations in the past 200 My, while others have suggested that larger variations would fit the observations equally well (Demicco, 2004; Seton et al., 2009). In addition, relatively fast seafloor spreading was proposed for the midCenozoic (Conrad and Lithgow-Bertellon ...
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Geophysics



Geophysics /dʒiːoʊfɪzɪks/ is a subject of natural science concerned with the physical processes and physical properties of the Earth and its surrounding space environment, and the use of quantitative methods for their analysis. The term geophysics sometimes refers only to the geological applications: Earth's shape; its gravitational and magnetic fields; its internal structure and composition; its dynamics and their surface expression in plate tectonics, the generation of magmas, volcanism and rock formation. However, modern geophysics organizations use a broader definition that includes the water cycle including snow and ice; fluid dynamics of the oceans and the atmosphere; electricity and magnetism in the ionosphere and magnetosphere and solar-terrestrial relations; and analogous problems associated with the Moon and other planets.Although geophysics was only recognized as a separate discipline in the 19th century, its origins go back to ancient times. The first magnetic compasses were made from lodestones, while more modern magnetic compasses played an important role in the history of navigation. The first seismic instrument was built in 132 BC. Isaac Newton applied his theory of mechanics to the tides and the precession of the equinox; and instruments were developed to measure the Earth's shape, density and gravity field, as well as the components of the water cycle. In the 20th century, geophysical methods were developed for remote exploration of the solid Earth and the ocean, and geophysics played an essential role in the development of the theory of plate tectonics.Geophysics is applied to societal needs, such as mineral resources, mitigation of natural hazards and environmental protection. Geophysical survey data are used to analyze potential petroleum reservoirs and mineral deposits, locate groundwater, find archaeological relics, determine the thickness of glaciers and soils, and assess sites for environmental remediation.
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