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lattice model - Virtual Math Museum
lattice model - Virtual Math Museum

... their sum remains constant, for each normal mode. Note that the l-th normal mode does not refer to the l-th particle; it refers to motion of the lattice in which zl varies but z1 , . . . , zl−1 , zl+1 , . . . , zN are constant. For example, if the initial shape of the transverse display is sinusoid ...
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STP 111 THEOR - Unesco

... Because of the adhesion of water molecules to glass is stronger than that cohesion between water molecules, water spread out on a clean glass surface when sprinkled on it and wet the glass this not so in the case of mercury which does not spread on glass or wet it. The cohesion of the mercury molecu ...
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Lecture 15

... 9. The period of free undamped oscillations of a mass on a spring is  / 4 seconds. If the spring constant is 16 lb/ft, what is the numerical value of the weight? 10. A 4-lb weight is attached to a spring, whose spring constant is 16 lb/ft . What is period of simple harmonic motion? 11. A 24-lb weig ...
Work - India Study Channel
Work - India Study Channel

... example, if a person is holding an object, he gets tired but still does no work. Here we will analyze such myths and also explore the term power. We will also gain an insight into energy approach for solving mechanics problems which were tedious to solve using Newton’s law. WORK: When ever force act ...
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TORQUE AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM 73. (11.3) Angular

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... SHM– HW3 1.Gina's favorite exercise equipment at the gym consists of various springs. In one exercise, she pulls a handle grip attached to the free end of a spring to 0.80 m from its unstrained position. The other end of the spring (spring constant = 53 N/m) is held in place by the equipment frame. ...
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Student Word - Nuffield Foundation

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Brownian motion



Brownian motion or pedesis (from Greek: πήδησις /pˈɪːdiːsis/ ""leaping"") is the random motion of particles suspended in a fluid (a liquid or a gas) resulting from their collision with the quick atoms or molecules in the gas or liquid. Wiener Process refers to the mathematical model used to describe such Brownian Motion, which is often called a particle theoryThis transport phenomenon is named after the botanist Robert Brown. In 1827, while looking through a microscope at particles trapped in cavities inside pollen grains in water, he noted that the particles moved through the water but was not able to determine the mechanisms that caused this motion. Atoms and molecules had long been theorized as the constituents of matter, and many decades later, Albert Einstein published a paper in 1905 that explained in precise detail how the motion that Brown had observed was a result of the pollen being moved by individual water molecules. This explanation of Brownian motion served as definitive confirmation that atoms and molecules actually exist, and was further verified experimentally by Jean Perrin in 1908. Perrin was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1926 ""for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter"" (Einstein had received the award five years earlier ""for his services to theoretical physics"" with specific citation of different research). The direction of the force of atomic bombardment is constantly changing, and at different times the particle is hit more on one side than another, leading to the seemingly random nature of the motion.The mathematical model of Brownian motion has numerous real-world applications. For instance, Stock market fluctuations are often cited, although Benoit Mandelbrot rejected its applicability to stock price movements in part because these are discontinuous.Brownian motion is among the simplest of the continuous-time stochastic (or probabilistic) processes, and it is a limit of both simpler and more complicated stochastic processes (see random walk and Donsker's theorem). This universality is closely related to the universality of the normal distribution. In both cases, it is often mathematical convenience, rather than the accuracy of the models, that motivates their use.
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