Effects of Clozapine, Olanzapine, Risperidone, and Haloperidol on
... clozapine with those of olanzapine, risperidone, and haloperidol. Methods: A total of 157 inpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and a history of suboptimal treatment response were randomly assigned to receive clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, or haloperidol in a double-blind 14 ...
... clozapine with those of olanzapine, risperidone, and haloperidol. Methods: A total of 157 inpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and a history of suboptimal treatment response were randomly assigned to receive clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, or haloperidol in a double-blind 14 ...
2.1 About schizophrenia
... results must be useful to decision-makers in determining to what extent reductions in healthcare expenditures can offset higher drug acquisition costs within their type of treatment environment. Cost-effectiveness studies of novel antipsychotic medications will increase in importance as the use of ...
... results must be useful to decision-makers in determining to what extent reductions in healthcare expenditures can offset higher drug acquisition costs within their type of treatment environment. Cost-effectiveness studies of novel antipsychotic medications will increase in importance as the use of ...
Gene expression changes in schizophrenia
... neurotransmission (Akbarian et al., 1995; Akbarian et al., 1996; Garey et al., 1998; Glantz and Lewis, 2000; Meador-Woodruff et al., 1997; Volk et al., 2000) or second messenger systems (Dean et al., 1997; Hudson et al., 1999; Shimon et al., 1998) have been observed. However, each of these studies h ...
... neurotransmission (Akbarian et al., 1995; Akbarian et al., 1996; Garey et al., 1998; Glantz and Lewis, 2000; Meador-Woodruff et al., 1997; Volk et al., 2000) or second messenger systems (Dean et al., 1997; Hudson et al., 1999; Shimon et al., 1998) have been observed. However, each of these studies h ...
Cognitive Dysfunction in Schizophrenia
... that can be used to deal with such dysfunctions in psychiatric patients. With regard to memory problems, clinicians should repeat essential information regularly, check from time to time that patients are indeed grasping the core aspects of therapy, give the most essential information in written for ...
... that can be used to deal with such dysfunctions in psychiatric patients. With regard to memory problems, clinicians should repeat essential information regularly, check from time to time that patients are indeed grasping the core aspects of therapy, give the most essential information in written for ...
Static posed and evoked facial expressions of emotions
... Antipsychotics, particularly first-generation, are associated with extrapyramidal symptoms, but their influence on emotion expression remains unclear. Some studies indicated an adverse effect of medications on facial expression (Gaebel and Wolwer, 2004; Schneider et al., 1992). Others (Earnst et al. ...
... Antipsychotics, particularly first-generation, are associated with extrapyramidal symptoms, but their influence on emotion expression remains unclear. Some studies indicated an adverse effect of medications on facial expression (Gaebel and Wolwer, 2004; Schneider et al., 1992). Others (Earnst et al. ...
Executive Summary - Schizophrenia Society of Ontario
... A growing amount of research in recent years offers strong support for the need for early intervention. The few years immediately following a first psychotic episode have been termed the “critical period” during which the risk of serious physical, social and legal harm is the highest for people expe ...
... A growing amount of research in recent years offers strong support for the need for early intervention. The few years immediately following a first psychotic episode have been termed the “critical period” during which the risk of serious physical, social and legal harm is the highest for people expe ...
Genetic Relationships Between Schizophrenia
... study also found a significantly elevated risk of bipolar disorder in siblings of probands with schizophrenia (relative risk: 2.7, 95% CI: 2.3–3.1), when individuals who had both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder were excluded, showing that in the primary nonhierarchical diagnostic analysis, the fa ...
... study also found a significantly elevated risk of bipolar disorder in siblings of probands with schizophrenia (relative risk: 2.7, 95% CI: 2.3–3.1), when individuals who had both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder were excluded, showing that in the primary nonhierarchical diagnostic analysis, the fa ...
... found that, among a series of obstetric complications, low birth-weight had the strongest association with neuropsychological impairments at age 7 years. Then our results add evidence to these findings. However, it is worth taking into account that obstetric complications (including birth-weight) se ...
Are Negative Symptoms Associated With
... found that negative symptoms in bipolar or other nonschizophrenia psychotic patients are associated with cognitive deficits (Johnstone et al. 1992; Dolan et al. 1993) or adaptive functioning deficits (Pearlson et al. 1984; Schuldberg et al. 1999) similar to those found in schizophrenia patients. At ...
... found that negative symptoms in bipolar or other nonschizophrenia psychotic patients are associated with cognitive deficits (Johnstone et al. 1992; Dolan et al. 1993) or adaptive functioning deficits (Pearlson et al. 1984; Schuldberg et al. 1999) similar to those found in schizophrenia patients. At ...
The Global Costs of Schizophrenia
... direct costs in Norway. Rund and Ruud (1999) calculated costs of services from a 1994 register of the patient population using services over a 4-week period in six catchment areas. Their estimate of N0K1.2 billion is lower than the N0K1.8 billion reported by Rund (1995), which was based on official ...
... direct costs in Norway. Rund and Ruud (1999) calculated costs of services from a 1994 register of the patient population using services over a 4-week period in six catchment areas. Their estimate of N0K1.2 billion is lower than the N0K1.8 billion reported by Rund (1995), which was based on official ...
docx - Carolina Digital Repository - The University of North Carolina
... double synapses due to haloperidol treatment13. In contrast, Benes et al. found that changes in synapse numbers were region-specific, and that striatal neuronal density and relative number of nerve terminals were unchanged between treatment groups14. Additional studies have similarly reported an inc ...
... double synapses due to haloperidol treatment13. In contrast, Benes et al. found that changes in synapse numbers were region-specific, and that striatal neuronal density and relative number of nerve terminals were unchanged between treatment groups14. Additional studies have similarly reported an inc ...
FACTORS INFLUENCING RELAPSE AMONG PATIENTS WITH
... A qualitative study was conducted, involving in-depth interviews of 7 schizophrenic out-patients and their 7 caregivers at MNH Psychiatric Out-patient Department in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Purposive sampling procedure was used to select participants for the study. Audio recorded in-depth interviews ...
... A qualitative study was conducted, involving in-depth interviews of 7 schizophrenic out-patients and their 7 caregivers at MNH Psychiatric Out-patient Department in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Purposive sampling procedure was used to select participants for the study. Audio recorded in-depth interviews ...
Guidelines for Biological Treatment of Schizophrenia, Part 2
... background of adequately provided information and his personal goals in order to find common ground to encourage a long-term medication strategy (shared-decision making). In this regard a treatment plan must be formulated and implemented. During the stabilisation phase, the main goals of treatment a ...
... background of adequately provided information and his personal goals in order to find common ground to encourage a long-term medication strategy (shared-decision making). In this regard a treatment plan must be formulated and implemented. During the stabilisation phase, the main goals of treatment a ...
texas medication algorithm project procedural
... These algorithms reflect the state of knowledge, current at the time of publication, on effective and appropriate care as well as clinical consensus judgments when research-based knowledge is lacking. The inevitable changes in the state of scientific information and technology mandate that periodic ...
... These algorithms reflect the state of knowledge, current at the time of publication, on effective and appropriate care as well as clinical consensus judgments when research-based knowledge is lacking. The inevitable changes in the state of scientific information and technology mandate that periodic ...
Bayesian inference, predictive coding and delusions
... characteristic of the disorganisation syndrome of chronic schizophrenia (Liddle 1987). Other (as yet non-diagnostic) state abnormalities include: ...
... characteristic of the disorganisation syndrome of chronic schizophrenia (Liddle 1987). Other (as yet non-diagnostic) state abnormalities include: ...
Subtyping schizophrenia: implications for genetic research
... along cognitive and neurobiological dimensions.15 Phenotypic variation is compatible with aetiological homogeneity resulting from a liability-threshold process.16 B. The case for heterogeneity The candidate gene findings reject the parsimonious hypothesis that all schizophrenia is caused by the sa ...
... along cognitive and neurobiological dimensions.15 Phenotypic variation is compatible with aetiological homogeneity resulting from a liability-threshold process.16 B. The case for heterogeneity The candidate gene findings reject the parsimonious hypothesis that all schizophrenia is caused by the sa ...
Traditional antipsychotics
... When traditional antipsychotics are working well, you may notice that your thoughts are clearer and more organized. Agitation may be decreased and hearing voices or seeing things no one else sees (hallucinations) may stop completely or happen much less. Your mood may be more settled and you may see ...
... When traditional antipsychotics are working well, you may notice that your thoughts are clearer and more organized. Agitation may be decreased and hearing voices or seeing things no one else sees (hallucinations) may stop completely or happen much less. Your mood may be more settled and you may see ...
Document
... Biologic Theory: Brain Structure Abnormality – Differs from those with no symptoms – May be genetically based – Requires more study ...
... Biologic Theory: Brain Structure Abnormality – Differs from those with no symptoms – May be genetically based – Requires more study ...
View Full Page PDF - The British Journal of Psychiatry
... schizophrenia have a mortality of between two and three times that of the general population, and that most of the excess deaths are from diseases that are the major causes of death in the general population. They indicate that the increased mortality risk is probably lifelong and suggest that the c ...
... schizophrenia have a mortality of between two and three times that of the general population, and that most of the excess deaths are from diseases that are the major causes of death in the general population. They indicate that the increased mortality risk is probably lifelong and suggest that the c ...
Appendix I: Guidelines for Treating Schizophrenia
... permission, except for those copyrighted materials noted for which further reproduction is prohibited without the specific permission of the copyright holders. Proper citation is requested by the authors when the algorithms or the manuals are used in whole or in part. ...
... permission, except for those copyrighted materials noted for which further reproduction is prohibited without the specific permission of the copyright holders. Proper citation is requested by the authors when the algorithms or the manuals are used in whole or in part. ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES QUALITY-CONSTANT PRICE INDEXES FOR AN EXPLORATORY STUDY
... atypical antipsychotics. This first generation of atypical antipsychotics blocks both dopamine and serotonin receptors in the brain, is more effective than the typicals in the 30-50% of treatment refractory patients, and results in fewer EPS. However, for 1-2% of individuals taking clozapine, a pote ...
... atypical antipsychotics. This first generation of atypical antipsychotics blocks both dopamine and serotonin receptors in the brain, is more effective than the typicals in the 30-50% of treatment refractory patients, and results in fewer EPS. However, for 1-2% of individuals taking clozapine, a pote ...
Step Up To: Psychology
... B) visual hallucinations. C) disorganized thinking. D) auditory hallucinations. ...
... B) visual hallucinations. C) disorganized thinking. D) auditory hallucinations. ...
Five Latent Factors Underlying Schizophrenia: Analysis and
... of psychosis, which often involve dichotomous, ordinal, or "count" manifest variables and assume normality in the latent factors. LCFA operates on nominal, ordinal, count, and continuous manifest variables, and it does not assume normality for the latent factors, which may be construed as dichotomou ...
... of psychosis, which often involve dichotomous, ordinal, or "count" manifest variables and assume normality in the latent factors. LCFA operates on nominal, ordinal, count, and continuous manifest variables, and it does not assume normality for the latent factors, which may be construed as dichotomou ...
On October 27, 1906, a child by the name of Albert Hofmann was
... world one of the most terrifying discoveries of the 20th century, LSD It was a prosaic day in July, 1938 when Swiss chemist, Albert Hofmann, first discovered Lysergic Acid Diethylamide(LSD). He was hoping to discover a new circulatory and respiratory stimulant, when he stumbled upon one of the world ...
... world one of the most terrifying discoveries of the 20th century, LSD It was a prosaic day in July, 1938 when Swiss chemist, Albert Hofmann, first discovered Lysergic Acid Diethylamide(LSD). He was hoping to discover a new circulatory and respiratory stimulant, when he stumbled upon one of the world ...
This Powerpoint Here
... C. Impairment and Traits present across most personal and social situations D. Impairment and Traits present since adolescence or early adulthood E. Not better explained by another mental disorder F. Not due to substance abuse, medication, or a medical condition G. Not normal for cultural group or d ...
... C. Impairment and Traits present across most personal and social situations D. Impairment and Traits present since adolescence or early adulthood E. Not better explained by another mental disorder F. Not due to substance abuse, medication, or a medical condition G. Not normal for cultural group or d ...
Mechanisms of schizophrenia
The underlying mechanisms of schizophrenia, a mental disorder characterized by a disintegration of the processes of thinking and of emotional responsiveness, are complex. A number of theories attempt to explain the link between altered brain function and schizophrenia, the most important of which are the dopamine hypothesis and the glutamate hypothesis. Note that these theories are separate from the causes of schizophrenia, which deal with actual starting points of the illness instead, e.g. genetic and environmental factors. The current theories attempt to explain how changes in brain functioning can contribute to symptoms of the disease.