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the incredible cardiovascular system
the incredible cardiovascular system

Cardiovascular Structure and Function Cardiovascular System
Cardiovascular Structure and Function Cardiovascular System

... – Phase 3 – repolarization – increase in K+ conductance and decrease in Ca++ conductance – Phase 4 – spontaneous depolarization ...
Successful Vaginal Delivery in a Woman with Tetralogy of Fallot and
Successful Vaginal Delivery in a Woman with Tetralogy of Fallot and

... exercise testing has a significant utility in order to define the functional class of the patient, as women in NYHA classes I and II have better outcomes. Invasive methods may be required in some groups of patients.3 Further predictors of a poor pregnancy outcome are also the history of a previous c ...
Atrial Fibrillation Treatment
Atrial Fibrillation Treatment

... times, both at rest and during exertion. Some patients have such fast heart rates during AFib that with time the heart can become weak – and develop congestive heart failure. It is always one of the goals of our therapy to prevent congestive heart failure. The majority of patients will have their he ...
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LWW PPT Slide Template Master

... – Congenital defects or degenerative changes in the conduction system – Myocardial ischemia and infarction ...
Right-Sided Implantation of a Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Right-Sided Implantation of a Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy

... of a special guiding catheter specific for a right-sided approach facilitated the procedure. Some other tips and tricks that may facilitate the LV lead placement in similar cases include the use of Swan-Ganz balloon catheters to perform occluding venograms; the use of coronary angiography catheters ...
ТАШКЕНТСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ
ТАШКЕНТСКАЯ МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ

... Electrocardiographic it does not differ from the normal reduction in diastolic except for shortening of the interval T P. As a result of shortening diastolic ventricular filling and reduce pulse wave at extrasystoles reduced. Atrial extrasystole occurs in the presence of ectopic focal excitation in ...
Chapter 14 Heart The main function of the heart is to circulate blood
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... ST segment and T wave: the return of stimulated ventricular muscle to a resting state U wave: a small deflection sometimes seen just after the T wave Q-T interval: the time elapsed from the onset of ventricular depolarization until the completion of ventricular repolarization Infants and Children He ...
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... the symptoms. If bradycardia doesn't cause symptoms, it usually isn't treated. • If damage to the heart's electrical system causes your heart to beat too slowly, you will probably need to have a pacemaker. A pacemaker is a device placed under your skin that helps correct the slow heart rate. People ...
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... Heart Muscle Disease. Many conditions can cause the muscles of the heart to deteriorate: Alcoholism, existing heart disease, like Coronary or Congenital heart disease. Heart transplant patients are known to be at risk. Certain genetic disorders can also cause the disease. Congenital Heart Disease Al ...
Understanding a 12 lead ECG, Basic Electrophysiology
Understanding a 12 lead ECG, Basic Electrophysiology

... b. QRS complex negative in leads I and aVF c. QRS complex positive in lead I and negative in lead aVF d. QRS complex negative in lead I and positive in lead aVF 10. Left axis deviation can be caused by a. pulmonary embolism. b. right ventricular hypertrophy. c. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ...
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... Electrical impulses cause rhythmic beating of the heart • Sinoatrial (SA) node [pacemaker] – sends out an electrical impulse that begins/regulates the heartbeat. This impulse causes the atria to contract. It then sends its impulse to the AV node. • Atrioventricular (AV) node – catches the impulse & ...
Prognostic significance of premature ventricular contractions without
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... disease or EKG abnormality noted in the examination were excluded for an analysis population of 5685 participants, 67.1% of whom were women. One hundred thirty-one participants with PVC reported in 12-lead EKG performed at the examination were then identified. These participants with PVC were classi ...
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... situation. This involves hospitalisation for most dogs, with possible oxygen therapy whilst the medication aimed at improving the heart function and removing the fluid build up in the lungs take effect. Once stable the dogs are usually maintained on several types of medication. Diuretics cause fluid ...
Cardiac murmurs in children
Cardiac murmurs in children

... When a heart murmur is the result of a valve that leaks or does not open properly, there is abnormal blood flow within the heart. The blood flow is turbulent and pediatric cardiologists can hear this turbulence with a stethoscope. When the heart murmur is the result of an abnormal communication betw ...
Q2Bio242NSCC
Q2Bio242NSCC

... d. tachycardia e. ductus arteriosus 4. During the contraction phase, what structure in the heart NEXT picks up the wave of depolarization as it moves across the atria of the heart? a. Purkinje's fibers b. atrioventricular bundle (Bundle of His) c. sinoatrial node d. atrioventricular node e. chordae ...
PALS Study Guide
PALS Study Guide

... In general, narrow QRS complexes originate at the junction of the heart or near the AV node. Wide QRS complexes indicate that a rhythm is originating below the bundle of His or in the ventricles. Typically, when looking at an EKG strip, a patient will be hooked up to a monitor or a printout will re ...
Name - Ms. Chavey`s Science Class
Name - Ms. Chavey`s Science Class

... Discuss the events that are taking place in the cardiac cycle during left ventricular systole. Be sure the include the following in your description: a. Are the other heart chambers in systole or diastole? b. Are the other heart chambers filling with or emptying blood? c. If they are filling, state ...
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Electrocardiography



Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG*) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on a patient's body. These electrodes detect the tiny electrical changes on the skin that arise from the heart muscle depolarizing during each heartbeat.In a conventional 12 lead ECG, ten electrodes are placed on the patient's limbs and on the surface of the chest. The overall magnitude of the heart's electrical potential is then measured from twelve different angles (""leads"") and is recorded over a period of time (usually 10 seconds). In this way, the overall magnitude and direction of the heart's electrical depolarization is captured at each moment throughout the cardiac cycle. The graph of voltage versus time produced by this noninvasive medical procedure is referred to as an electrocardiogram (abbreviated ECG or EKG).During each heartbeat, a healthy heart will have an orderly progression of depolarization that starts with pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node, spreads out through the atrium, passes through the atrioventricular node down into the bundle of His and into the Purkinje fibers spreading down and to the left throughout the ventricles. This orderly pattern of depolarization gives rise to the characteristic ECG tracing. To the trained clinician, an ECG conveys a large amount of information about the structure of the heart and the function of its electrical conduction system. Among other things, an ECG can be used to measure the rate and rhythm of heartbeats, the size and position of the heart chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart's muscle cells or conduction system, the effects of cardiac drugs, and the function of implanted pacemakers.
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